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High · 7.8 Public exploit CVE-2026-23231 EUVD-2026-9401GHSA-gxm6-px42-mpjc

netfilter: nf_tables: fix use-after-free in nf_tables_addchain()

Published Mar 4, 2026 · Updated Nov 10, 2026 · Assigned by Linux

Vendor: Linux Product: Linux Package: kernel Package: linux Package: linux Package: linux-allwinner-5.19 Package: linux-aws Package: linux-aws-5.0 Package: linux-aws-5.11 Package: linux-aws-5.13 Package: linux-aws-5.19 Package: linux-aws-5.3 Package: linux-aws-5.8 Package: linux-aws-6.14 Package: linux-aws-6.17 Package: linux-aws-6.2 Package: linux-aws-6.5 Package: linux-aws-6.8 Package: linux-aws-fips Package: linux-azure Package: linux-azure-5.11 Package: linux-azure-5.13 Package: linux-azure-5.19 Package: linux-azure-5.3 Package: linux-azure-5.8 Package: linux-azure-6.11 Package: linux-azure-6.14 Package: linux-azure-6.17 Package: linux-azure-6.2 Package: linux-azure-6.5 Package: linux-azure-6.8 Package: linux-azure-edge Package: linux-azure-fde Package: linux-azure-fde-5.19 Package: linux-azure-fde-6.14 Package: linux-azure-fde-6.2 Package: linux-azure-fde-6.8 Package: linux-azure-fips Package: linux-azure-nvidia Package: linux-azure-nvidia-6.14 Package: linux-bluefield Package: linux-fips Package: linux-gcp Package: linux-gcp-5.11 Package: linux-gcp-5.13 Package: linux-gcp-5.19 Package: linux-gcp-5.3 Package: linux-gcp-5.8 Package: linux-gcp-6.11 Package: linux-gcp-6.14 Package: linux-gcp-6.17 Package: linux-gcp-6.2 Package: linux-gcp-6.5 Package: linux-gcp-6.8 Package: linux-gcp-fips Package: linux-gke Package: linux-gke-4.15 Package: linux-gke-5.15 Package: linux-gke-5.4 Package: linux-gkeop Package: linux-gkeop-5.15 Package: linux-gkeop-5.4 Package: linux-hwe Package: linux-hwe-5.11 Package: linux-hwe-5.13 Package: linux-hwe-5.19 Package: linux-hwe-5.8 Package: linux-hwe-6.11 Package: linux-hwe-6.14 Package: linux-hwe-6.17 Package: linux-hwe-6.2 Package: linux-hwe-6.5 Package: linux-hwe-6.8 Package: linux-hwe-edge Package: linux-ibm Package: linux-ibm-6.8 Package: linux-intel-5.13 Package: linux-intel-iot-realtime Package: linux-lowlatency Package: linux-lowlatency-hwe-5.19 Package: linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.11 Package: linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.2 Package: linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.5 Package: linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.8 Package: linux-nvidia Package: linux-nvidia-6.11 Package: linux-nvidia-6.17 Package: linux-nvidia-6.2 Package: linux-nvidia-6.5 Package: linux-nvidia-6.8 Package: linux-nvidia-lowlatency Package: linux-nvidia-tegra Package: linux-oem Package: linux-oem-5.10 Package: linux-oem-5.13 Package: linux-oem-5.14 Package: linux-oem-5.17 Package: linux-oem-5.6 Package: linux-oem-6.0 Package: linux-oem-6.1 Package: linux-oem-6.11 Package: linux-oem-6.14 Package: linux-oem-6.17 Package: linux-oem-6.5 Package: linux-oem-6.8 Package: linux-oracle Package: linux-oracle-5.0 Package: linux-oracle-5.11 Package: linux-oracle-5.13 Package: linux-oracle-5.3 Package: linux-oracle-5.8 Package: linux-oracle-6.14 Package: linux-oracle-6.17 Package: linux-oracle-6.5 Package: linux-oracle-6.8 Package: linux-raspi Package: linux-raspi-realtime Package: linux-raspi2 Package: linux-realtime Package: linux-realtime-6.14 Package: linux-realtime-6.17 Package: linux-realtime-6.8 Package: linux-riscv Package: linux-riscv-5.11 Package: linux-riscv-5.19 Package: linux-riscv-5.8 Package: linux-riscv-6.14 Package: linux-riscv-6.17 Package: linux-riscv-6.5 Package: linux-riscv-6.8 Package: linux-starfive-5.19 Package: linux-starfive-6.2 Package: linux-starfive-6.5 Package: linux-vmware Package: linux-xilinx Platform: Linux Ecosystem: Azure Linux Ecosystem: Debian Ecosystem: Ubuntu

Description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

netfilter: nf_tables: fix use-after-free in nf_tables_addchain()

nf_tables_addchain() publishes the chain to table->chains via
list_add_tail_rcu() (in nft_chain_add()) before registering hooks.
If nf_tables_register_hook() then fails, the error path calls
nft_chain_del() (list_del_rcu()) followed by nf_tables_chain_destroy()
with no RCU grace period in between.

This creates two use-after-free conditions:

1) Control-plane: nf_tables_dump_chains() traverses table->chains
under rcu_read_lock(). A concurrent dump can still be walking
the chain when the error path frees it.

2) Packet path: for NFPROTO_INET, nf_register_net_hook() briefly
installs the IPv4 hook before IPv6 registration fails. Packets
entering nft_do_chain() via the transient IPv4 hook can still be
dereferencing chain->blob_gen_X when the error path frees the
chain.

Add synchronize_rcu() between nft_chain_del() and the chain destroy
so that all RCU readers -- both dump threads and in-flight packet
evaluation -- have finished before the chain is freed.

Affected products

VendorProductAffectedFixed
Linux Linux 3.16 6.1.165

Fixed in Linux distributions

Distributions backport fixes, so the version that fixes this vulnerability differs per release — upgrade to at least the version shown. From the distributions' security trackers and advisories.

ReleasePackageFixed inAdvisory
Debian 14 linux 6.18.14-1 —
Debian 13 linux 6.12.85-1 —
Debian 12 linux 6.1.170-1 —
ReleasePackageFixed inAdvisory
Ubuntu Nvidia-BlueField 24.04 LTS linux-bluefield 6.8.0-1022.26 —
Ubuntu 25.10 linux 6.17.0-23.23 —
Ubuntu 25.10 linux-aws +2 6.17.0-1013.13 USN-8245-1
Ubuntu 25.10 linux-azure-fde No fix yet —
Ubuntu 25.10 linux-oracle 6.17.0-1012.12 —
Ubuntu 25.10 linux-raspi 6.17.0-1014.14 —
Ubuntu 25.10 linux-realtime 6.17.0-1011.12 —
Ubuntu 25.10 linux-riscv 6.17.0-23.23.1 —
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux 6.8.0-111.111 USN-8254-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-aws 6.8.0-1053.56 USN-8254-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-aws-6.17 +2 6.17.0-1013.13~24.04.1 USN-8245-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-azure 6.8.0-1054.60 USN-8258-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-azure-fde 6.8.0-1058.65 —
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-azure-nvidia 6.8.0-1039.42 —
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-gcp 6.8.0-1055.58 USN-8254-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-gke 6.8.0-1051.57 USN-8254-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-gkeop 6.8.0-1038.41 USN-8254-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-hwe-6.17 6.17.0-23.23~24.04.1 —
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-ibm 6.8.0-1052.52 USN-8254-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-lowlatency 6.8.0-111.111.1 USN-8254-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-nvidia 6.8.0-1052.55 —
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-nvidia-6.17 6.17.0-1026.26 USN-8508-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-nvidia-lowlatency 6.8.0-1052.55.1 —
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-nvidia-tegra 6.8.0-1023.23 —
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-oem-6.17 6.17.0-1020.20 USN-8245-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-oracle 6.8.0-1050.51 USN-8254-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-oracle-6.17 6.17.0-1014.14~24.04.1 —
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-raspi 6.8.0-1053.57 USN-8254-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-riscv +18 No fix yet —
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-riscv-6.17 6.17.0-23.23.1~24.04.1 —
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-xilinx 6.8.0-1029.30 USN-8261-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-aws-6.8 6.8.0-1053.56~22.04.1 USN-8254-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-azure-6.8 6.8.0-1059.65~22.04.1 USN-8440-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-azure-fde-6.8 6.8.0-1058.65~22.04.1 —
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-gcp-6.8 6.8.0-1060.63~22.04.1 —
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-hwe-6.8 +1 6.8.0-111.111~22.04.1 USN-8254-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-ibm-6.8 6.8.0-1052.52~22.04.1 USN-8254-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.8 6.8.0-111.111.1~22.04.1 USN-8254-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-nvidia-6.8 6.8.0-1052.55~22.04.1 —
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-oracle-6.8 6.8.0-1050.51~22.04.1 USN-8254-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-riscv +32 No fix yet —
Ubuntu 20.04 LTS linux-gke +28 No fix yet —
Show 5 more (older releases, extended support, other products)
ReleasePackageFixed inAdvisory
Ubuntu 18.04 LTS linux-gcp +14 No fix yet —
Ubuntu 16.04 LTS linux-hwe-edge No fix yet —
Ubuntu Pro Realtime 24.04 LTS linux-raspi-realtime 6.8.0-2043.44 USN-8254-1
Ubuntu Pro Realtime 24.04 LTS linux-realtime 6.8.1-1048.49 USN-8254-1
Ubuntu Pro Realtime 24.04 LTS linux-realtime-6.14 No fix yet —
Ubuntu Pro Realtime 24.04 LTS linux-realtime-6.17 6.17.0-1011.12~24.04.1 —
Ubuntu Pro Realtime 22.04 LTS linux-realtime-6.8 6.8.1-1048.49~22.04.1 USN-8254-1
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 24.04 LTS linux-aws-fips 6.8.0-1053.56+fips1 USN-8254-1
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 24.04 LTS linux-azure-fips 6.8.0-1054.60+fips1 —
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 24.04 LTS linux-fips 6.8.0-111.111+fips1 USN-8254-1
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 24.04 LTS linux-gcp-fips 6.8.0-1055.58+fips1 USN-8254-1
ReleasePackageFixed inAdvisory
RHEL 10 rv +76 6.12.0-124.47.1.el10_1 RHSA-2026:6053
RHEL 9 rv +75 5.14.0-611.47.1.el9_7 RHSA-2026:6570
RHEL 8 kernel-rt +12 4.18.0-553.117.1.rt7.458.el8_10 RHSA-2026:6572
RHEL 8 perf +26 4.18.0-553.117.1.el8_10 RHSA-2026:6571
Show 15 more (older releases, extended support, other products)
ReleasePackageFixed inAdvisory
Red Hat Rhel Extras Rt Els 7 kernel-rt +7 3.10.0-1160.148.1.rt56.1300.el7 RHSA-2026:10756
RHEL 10.0 EUS rv +77 6.12.0-55.69.1.el10_0 RHSA-2026:9095
RHEL 9.6 EUS rv +77 5.14.0-570.106.1.el9_6 RHSA-2026:6940
RHEL 9.4 EUS bpftool 7.3.0-427.121.1.el9_4 RHSA-2026:10108
RHEL 9.4 EUS rv +64 5.14.0-427.121.1.el9_4 RHSA-2026:10108
RHEL 9.2 E4S bpftool 7.0.0-284.166.1.el9_2 RHSA-2026:9644
RHEL 9.2 E4S kernel-rt +14 5.14.0-284.166.1.rt14.451.el9_2 RHSA-2026:9512
RHEL 9.2 E4S perf +47 5.14.0-284.166.1.el9_2 RHSA-2026:9644
RHEL 9.0 E4S kernel-rt +12 5.14.0-70.175.1.rt21.247.el9_0 RHSA-2026:9835
RHEL 9.0 E4S perf +28 5.14.0-70.175.1.el9_0 RHSA-2026:9836
RHEL 8.8 TUS perf +17 4.18.0-477.136.1.el8_8 RHSA-2026:9515
RHEL 8.8 E4S perf +18 4.18.0-477.136.1.el8_8 RHSA-2026:9515
RHEL 8.6 TUS perf +17 4.18.0-372.188.1.el8_6 RHSA-2026:9514
RHEL 8.6 E4S perf +25 4.18.0-372.188.1.el8_6 RHSA-2026:9514
RHEL 8.6 AUS perf +17 4.18.0-372.188.1.el8_6 RHSA-2026:9514
RHEL 8.4 EUS Long Life perf +17 4.18.0-305.189.1.el8_4 RHSA-2026:9643
RHEL 8.4 AUS perf +17 4.18.0-305.189.1.el8_4 RHSA-2026:9643
RHEL 8.2 AUS perf +17 4.18.0-193.195.1.el8_2 RHSA-2026:9513
RHEL 7 ELS perf +18 3.10.0-1160.148.1.el7 RHSA-2026:9870

AlmaLinux

Errata ↗
ReleasePackageFixed inAdvisory
AlmaLinux 10 kernel-doc +1 6.12.0-124.47.1.el10_1 ALSA-2026:6053
AlmaLinux 9 rv +73 5.14.0-611.47.1.el9_7 ALSA-2026:6570
AlmaLinux 8 kernel-rt +9 4.18.0-553.117.1.rt7.458.el8_10 ALSA-2026:6572
AlmaLinux 8 perf +24 4.18.0-553.117.1.el8_10 ALSA-2026:6571

Rocky Linux

Errata ↗
ReleasePackageFixed inAdvisory
Rocky Linux 10 kernel 6.12.0-124.47.1.el10_1 RLSA-2026:6053
Rocky Linux 9 kernel 5.14.0-611.47.1.el9_7 RLSA-2026:6570
Rocky Linux 8 kernel 4.18.0-553.117.1.el8_10 RLSA-2026:6571
Rocky Linux 8 kernel-rt 4.18.0-553.117.1.rt7.458.el8_10 RLSA-2026:6572
ReleasePackageFixed inAdvisory
SLE Micro 6.2 gdk-pixbuf 2.42.12-160000.4.1 SUSE-SU-2026:21230-1
SLE Micro 6.2 kernel-default-base 6.12.0-160000.27.1.160000.2.8 SUSE-SU-2026:21237-1
SLE Micro 6.2 kernel-rt +5 6.12.0-160000.28.1 SUSE-SU-2026:21237-1, SUSE-SU-2026:21230-1
SLE Micro 6.1 kernel-default-base 6.4.0-41.1.21.18 SUSE-SU-2026:21114-1
SLE Micro 6.1 kernel-rt +4 6.4.0-41.1 SUSE-SU-2026:21255-1, SUSE-SU-2026:21114-1
SLE Micro 6.0 kernel-default-base 6.4.0-41.1.21.18 SUSE-SU-2026:21123-1
SLE Micro 6.0 kernel-source +2 6.4.0-41.1 SUSE-SU-2026:21123-1
Show 2 more (older releases, extended support, other products)
ReleasePackageFixed inAdvisory
SLE Live Patching 15 SP7 kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP7-RT_Update_11 1-150700.1.3.1 SUSE-SU-2026:1573-1
SUSE Real Time Module 15 SP7 kernel-rt +1 6.4.0-150700.7.37.2 SUSE-SU-2026:1573-1
SUSE Real Time Module 15 SP7 kernel-syms-rt 6.4.0-150700.7.37.1 SUSE-SU-2026:1573-1
ReleasePackageFixed inAdvisory
openSUSE Tumbleweed kernel-source 6.19.8-1.1 openSUSE-SU-2026:10387-1
openSUSE Leap 16.0 kernel-default-base 6.12.0-160000.27.1.160000.2.8 openSUSE-SU-2026:20572-1
openSUSE Leap 16.0 kernel-rt +11 6.12.0-160000.28.1 openSUSE-SU-2026:20572-1

Amazon Linux

ReleasePackageFixed inAdvisory
Amazon Linux 2023 kernel-livepatch-6.12.77-99.140 +1 1:1.0-0.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2026-1544, ALAS2023-2026-1543
Amazon Linux 2023 perf +14 1:6.1.166-197.305.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2026-1544
Amazon Linux 2023 perf6.12 +14 1:6.12.77-99.140.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2026-1543

Azure Linux

ReleasePackageFixed inAdvisory
Azure Linux 3 kernel 6.6.130.1-1 —

Oracle Linux

ReleasePackageFixed inAdvisory
Oracle Linux 10 rv +29 6.12.0-124.47.1.el10_1 ELSA-2026-6053
Oracle Linux 9 kernel-uek +34 6.12.0-200.74.27.2.el10uek ELSA-2026-50372, ELSA-2026-50232, ELSA-2026-50184
Oracle Linux 9 rv +28 5.14.0-611.47.1.el9_7 ELSA-2026-6570
Oracle Linux 8 perf +19 4.18.0-553.117.1.el8_10 ELSA-2026-6571

Public exploits

Exploit or proof-of-concept code for this vulnerability is publicly available, which lowers the bar for attackers. Treat it as a reason to patch sooner.

Third-party code, not reviewed by us. Public PoCs are sometimes fake or contain malware. Read the code first and run it only in an isolated lab, against systems you are authorised to test.

Exploit-DB 1

Sources: PoC-in-GitHub, Metasploit Framework, Exploit-DB — updated daily. Only links are listed; no exploit code is hosted here.

Advisories 50

References