Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
rcu: Fix rcu_read_unlock() deadloop due to softirq
Commit 5f5fa7ea89dc ("rcu: Don't use negative nesting depth in
__rcu_read_unlock()") removes the recursion-protection code from
__rcu_read_unlock(). Therefore, we could invoke the deadloop in
raise_softirq_irqoff() with ftrace enabled as follows:
WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 0 at kernel/trace/trace.c:3021 __ftrace_trace_stack.constprop.0+0x172/0x180
Modules linked in: my_irq_work(O)
CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/0 Tainted: G O 6.18.0-rc7-dirty #23 PREEMPT(full)
Tainted: [O]=OOT_MODULE
Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.15.0-1 04/01/2014
RIP: 0010:__ftrace_trace_stack.constprop.0+0x172/0x180
RSP: 0018:ffffc900000034a8 EFLAGS: 00010002
RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 0000000000000004 RCX: 0000000000000000
RDX: 0000000000000003 RSI: ffffffff826d7b87 RDI: ffffffff826e9329
RBP: 0000000000090009 R08: 0000000000000005 R09: ffffffff82afbc4c
R10: 0000000000000008 R11: 0000000000011d7a R12: 0000000000000000
R13: ffff888003874100 R14: 0000000000000003 R15: ffff8880038c1054
FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff8880fa8ea000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
CR2: 000055b31fa7f540 CR3: 00000000078f4005 CR4: 0000000000770ef0
PKRU: 55555554
Call Trace:
<IRQ>
trace_buffer_unlock_commit_regs+0x6d/0x220
trace_event_buffer_commit+0x5c/0x260
trace_event_raw_event_softirq+0x47/0x80
raise_softirq_irqoff+0x6e/0xa0
rcu_read_unlock_special+0xb1/0x160
unwind_next_frame+0x203/0x9b0
__unwind_start+0x15d/0x1c0
arch_stack_walk+0x62/0xf0
stack_trace_save+0x48/0x70
__ftrace_trace_stack.constprop.0+0x144/0x180
trace_buffer_unlock_commit_regs+0x6d/0x220
trace_event_buffer_commit+0x5c/0x260
trace_event_raw_event_softirq+0x47/0x80
raise_softirq_irqoff+0x6e/0xa0
rcu_read_unlock_special+0xb1/0x160
unwind_next_frame+0x203/0x9b0
__unwind_start+0x15d/0x1c0
arch_stack_walk+0x62/0xf0
stack_trace_save+0x48/0x70
__ftrace_trace_stack.constprop.0+0x144/0x180
trace_buffer_unlock_commit_regs+0x6d/0x220
trace_event_buffer_commit+0x5c/0x260
trace_event_raw_event_softirq+0x47/0x80
raise_softirq_irqoff+0x6e/0xa0
rcu_read_unlock_special+0xb1/0x160
unwind_next_frame+0x203/0x9b0
__unwind_start+0x15d/0x1c0
arch_stack_walk+0x62/0xf0
stack_trace_save+0x48/0x70
__ftrace_trace_stack.constprop.0+0x144/0x180
trace_buffer_unlock_commit_regs+0x6d/0x220
trace_event_buffer_commit+0x5c/0x260
trace_event_raw_event_softirq+0x47/0x80
raise_softirq_irqoff+0x6e/0xa0
rcu_read_unlock_special+0xb1/0x160
__is_insn_slot_addr+0x54/0x70
kernel_text_address+0x48/0xc0
__kernel_text_address+0xd/0x40
unwind_get_return_address+0x1e/0x40
arch_stack_walk+0x9c/0xf0
stack_trace_save+0x48/0x70
__ftrace_trace_stack.constprop.0+0x144/0x180
trace_buffer_unlock_commit_regs+0x6d/0x220
trace_event_buffer_commit+0x5c/0x260
trace_event_raw_event_softirq+0x47/0x80
__raise_softirq_irqoff+0x61/0x80
__flush_smp_call_function_queue+0x115/0x420
__sysvec_call_function_single+0x17/0xb0
sysvec_call_function_single+0x8c/0xc0
</IRQ>
Commit b41642c87716 ("rcu: Fix rcu_read_unlock() deadloop due to IRQ work")
fixed the infinite loop in rcu_read_unlock_special() for IRQ work by
setting a flag before calling irq_work_queue_on(). We fix this issue by
setting the same flag before calling raise_softirq_irqoff() and rename the
flag to defer_qs_pending for more common.
Affected products
| Vendor | Product | Affected | Fixed |
|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux | 5.8 | 6.1.191 |
Fixed in Linux distributions
Distributions backport fixes, so the version that fixes this vulnerability differs per release — upgrade to at least the version shown. From the distributions' security trackers and advisories.
Debian
Security tracker ↗| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Debian 14 | linux | 6.18.14-1 | — |
| Debian 13 | linux | 6.12.85-1 | — |
| Debian 12 | linux | No fix yet | — |
Ubuntu
Security tracker ↗| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ubuntu Nvidia-BlueField 24.04 LTS | linux-bluefield | 6.8.0-1026.30 | — |
| Ubuntu Nvidia-BlueField 22.04 LTS | linux-bluefield | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu 25.10 | linux +8 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux | 6.8.0-134.134 | USN-8492-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-aws | 6.8.0-1060.63 | USN-8492-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-azure | 6.8.0-1063.71 | USN-8606-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-azure-fde | 6.8.0-1062.69 | USN-8607-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-azure-nvidia | 6.8.0-1039.42 | — |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-gcp | 6.8.0-1063.69 | USN-8492-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-gke | 6.8.0-1058.64 | USN-8492-2 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-gkeop | 6.8.0-1045.48 | USN-8492-2 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-ibm | 6.8.0-1060.61 | USN-8492-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-lowlatency | 6.8.0-134.134.1 | USN-8497-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-nvidia | 6.8.0-1058.61 | USN-8492-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-nvidia-lowlatency | 6.8.0-1058.61.1 | USN-8492-2 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-nvidia-tegra | 6.8.0-1029.30 | USN-8498-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-oracle | 6.8.0-1057.58 | USN-8492-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-raspi | 6.8.0-1060.64 | USN-8492-4 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-riscv +26 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-xilinx | 6.8.0-1032.33 | USN-8499-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux +49 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-aws-6.8 | 6.8.0-1060.63~22.04.1 | USN-8492-2 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-azure-6.8 | 6.8.0-1063.71~22.04.1 | USN-8606-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-azure-fde-6.8 | 6.8.0-1062.69~22.04.1 | USN-8609-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-gcp-6.8 | 6.8.0-1063.69~22.04.1 | USN-8492-2 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-hwe-6.8 | 6.8.0-136.136~22.04.1 | USN-8619-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-ibm-6.8 | 6.8.0-1060.61~22.04.1 | USN-8492-2 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.8 | 6.8.0-134.134.1~22.04.1 | USN-8497-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-nvidia-6.8 | 6.8.0-1058.61~22.04.1 | USN-8492-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-oracle-6.8 | 6.8.0-1057.58~22.04.1 | USN-8492-2 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-riscv-6.8 | 6.8.0-134.134~22.04.1 | — |
Show 9 more (older releases, extended support, other products)Fewer releases
| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-gke +28 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu 18.04 LTS | linux-gcp +14 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu 16.04 LTS | linux-hwe-edge | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro Realtime 24.04 LTS | linux-raspi-realtime | 6.8.0-2049.50 | USN-8492-3 |
| Ubuntu Pro Realtime 24.04 LTS | linux-realtime | 6.8.1-1055.56 | USN-8492-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro Realtime 24.04 LTS | linux-realtime-6.14 +1 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro Realtime 22.04 LTS | linux-realtime +1 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro Realtime 22.04 LTS | linux-realtime-6.8 | 6.8.1-1055.56~22.04.1 | USN-8492-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 24.04 LTS | linux-aws-fips | 6.8.0-1060.63+fips1 | USN-8492-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 24.04 LTS | linux-azure-fips | 6.8.0-1062.69+fips1 | USN-8492-5 |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 24.04 LTS | linux-fips | 6.8.0-134.134+fips1 | USN-8492-5 |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 24.04 LTS | linux-gcp-fips | 6.8.0-1063.69+fips1 | USN-8492-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 22.04 LTS | linux-fips +3 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-preview 22.04 LTS | linux-fips +3 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS | linux-aws-5.15 +10 | No fix yet | — |
Amazon Linux
| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon Linux 2023 | kernel-livepatch-6.12.77-99.140 +1 | 1:1.0-0.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2026-1543, ALAS2023-2026-1514 |
| Amazon Linux 2023 | perf6.12 +14 | 1:6.12.77-99.140.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2026-1543 |
| Amazon Linux 2023 | perf6.18 +14 | 1:6.18.15-14.217.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2026-1514 |
Oracle Linux
| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oracle Linux 9 | kernel-uek +34 | 6.12.0-204.92.4.2.el10uek | ELSA-2026-50372 |
Advisories 16
- WID-SEC-2026-1700 Linux Kernel: Mehrere Schwachstellen BSI CERT-Bund (WID) · Nov 12, 2026
- USN-8606-1 linux-azure, linux-azure-6.8 vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 7, 2026
- USN-8607-1 linux-azure-fde vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 7, 2026
- USN-8619-1 linux-hwe-6.8 vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 7, 2026
- USN-8609-1 linux-azure-fde-6.8 vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 7, 2026
- USN-8499-1 linux-xilinx vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 7, 2026
- USN-8497-1 linux-lowlatency, linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.8 vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 7, 2026
- USN-8492-1 linux, linux-aws, linux-aws-fips, linux-gcp, linux-gcp-fips, linux-ibm, linux-nvidia, linux-nvidia-6.8, linux-oracle, linux-realtime, linux-realtime-6.8 vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 6, 2026
- USN-8492-2 linux-aws-6.8, linux-gcp-6.8, linux-gke, linux-gkeop, linux-ibm-6.8, linux-nvidia-lowlatency, linux-oracle-6.8 vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 6, 2026
- USN-8498-1 linux-nvidia-tegra vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 6, 2026
- USN-8492-3 linux-raspi-realtime vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 6, 2026
- USN-8492-5 linux-azure-fips, linux-fips vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 6, 2026
- USN-8492-4 linux-raspi vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 6, 2026
- ELSA-2026-50372 Important: Unbreakable Enterprise kernel security update (Oracle Linux 9) Oracle Linux Security Advisories (ELSA) · Jul 2, 2026
- ALAS2023-2026-1514 Important: kernel6.18 security update (Amazon Linux 2023) Amazon Linux Security Center (ALAS) · Jun 16, 2026
- ALAS2023-2026-1543 Important: kernel6.12 security update (Amazon Linux 2023) Amazon Linux Security Center (ALAS) · Jun 16, 2026
References
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d36d8a7cf0e1d52ccde290855782b7b2ffc78f63
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/979c708e6c9d7fc461daef2dad8b45f22e23464c
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1f16679a5aa60238466ce339c35f5e82ece60337
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4a4a6e12c9c829be3f74b7206fa8640fc4e1c566
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c2932e16d8c354404b17123e64daa8e33191e145
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d41e37f26b3157b3f1d10223863519a943aa239b