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Unscored CVE-2026-45957 EUVD-2026-32241GHSA-hmgm-22hx-5rp9

rcu: Fix rcu_read_unlock() deadloop due to softirq

Published May 27, 2026 · Updated Oct 30, 2026 · Assigned by Linux

Vendor: Linux Product: Linux Package: linux Package: linux Package: linux-allwinner-5.19 Package: linux-aws Package: linux-aws-5.0 Package: linux-aws-5.11 Package: linux-aws-5.13 Package: linux-aws-5.15 Package: linux-aws-5.19 Package: linux-aws-5.3 Package: linux-aws-5.8 Package: linux-aws-6.14 Package: linux-aws-6.17 Package: linux-aws-6.2 Package: linux-aws-6.5 Package: linux-aws-6.8 Package: linux-aws-fips Package: linux-azure Package: linux-azure-5.11 Package: linux-azure-5.13 Package: linux-azure-5.15 Package: linux-azure-5.19 Package: linux-azure-5.3 Package: linux-azure-5.8 Package: linux-azure-6.11 Package: linux-azure-6.14 Package: linux-azure-6.17 Package: linux-azure-6.2 Package: linux-azure-6.5 Package: linux-azure-6.8 Package: linux-azure-edge Package: linux-azure-fde Package: linux-azure-fde-5.15 Package: linux-azure-fde-5.19 Package: linux-azure-fde-6.14 Package: linux-azure-fde-6.2 Package: linux-azure-fde-6.8 Package: linux-azure-fips Package: linux-azure-nvidia Package: linux-azure-nvidia-6.14 Package: linux-bluefield Package: linux-fips Package: linux-gcp Package: linux-gcp-5.11 Package: linux-gcp-5.13 Package: linux-gcp-5.15 Package: linux-gcp-5.19 Package: linux-gcp-5.3 Package: linux-gcp-5.8 Package: linux-gcp-6.11 Package: linux-gcp-6.14 Package: linux-gcp-6.17 Package: linux-gcp-6.2 Package: linux-gcp-6.5 Package: linux-gcp-6.8 Package: linux-gcp-fips Package: linux-gke Package: linux-gke-4.15 Package: linux-gke-5.15 Package: linux-gke-5.4 Package: linux-gkeop Package: linux-gkeop-5.15 Package: linux-gkeop-5.4 Package: linux-hwe Package: linux-hwe-5.11 Package: linux-hwe-5.13 Package: linux-hwe-5.15 Package: linux-hwe-5.19 Package: linux-hwe-5.8 Package: linux-hwe-6.11 Package: linux-hwe-6.14 Package: linux-hwe-6.17 Package: linux-hwe-6.2 Package: linux-hwe-6.5 Package: linux-hwe-6.8 Package: linux-hwe-edge Package: linux-ibm Package: linux-ibm-5.15 Package: linux-ibm-6.8 Package: linux-intel-5.13 Package: linux-intel-iot-realtime Package: linux-intel-iotg Package: linux-intel-iotg-5.15 Package: linux-kvm Package: linux-lowlatency Package: linux-lowlatency-hwe-5.15 Package: linux-lowlatency-hwe-5.19 Package: linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.11 Package: linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.2 Package: linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.5 Package: linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.8 Package: linux-nvidia Package: linux-nvidia-6.11 Package: linux-nvidia-6.17 Package: linux-nvidia-6.2 Package: linux-nvidia-6.5 Package: linux-nvidia-6.8 Package: linux-nvidia-lowlatency Package: linux-nvidia-tegra Package: linux-nvidia-tegra-5.15 Package: linux-nvidia-tegra-igx Package: linux-oem Package: linux-oem-5.10 Package: linux-oem-5.13 Package: linux-oem-5.14 Package: linux-oem-5.17 Package: linux-oem-5.6 Package: linux-oem-6.0 Package: linux-oem-6.1 Package: linux-oem-6.11 Package: linux-oem-6.14 Package: linux-oem-6.17 Package: linux-oem-6.5 Package: linux-oem-6.8 Package: linux-oracle Package: linux-oracle-5.0 Package: linux-oracle-5.11 Package: linux-oracle-5.13 Package: linux-oracle-5.15 Package: linux-oracle-5.3 Package: linux-oracle-5.8 Package: linux-oracle-6.14 Package: linux-oracle-6.17 Package: linux-oracle-6.5 Package: linux-oracle-6.8 Package: linux-raspi Package: linux-raspi-realtime Package: linux-raspi2 Package: linux-realtime Package: linux-realtime-6.14 Package: linux-realtime-6.17 Package: linux-realtime-6.8 Package: linux-riscv Package: linux-riscv-5.11 Package: linux-riscv-5.15 Package: linux-riscv-5.19 Package: linux-riscv-5.8 Package: linux-riscv-6.14 Package: linux-riscv-6.17 Package: linux-riscv-6.5 Package: linux-riscv-6.8 Package: linux-starfive-5.19 Package: linux-starfive-6.2 Package: linux-starfive-6.5 Package: linux-vmware Package: linux-xilinx Package: linux-xilinx-zynqmp Platform: Linux Ecosystem: Debian Ecosystem: Ubuntu

Description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

rcu: Fix rcu_read_unlock() deadloop due to softirq

Commit 5f5fa7ea89dc ("rcu: Don't use negative nesting depth in
__rcu_read_unlock()") removes the recursion-protection code from
__rcu_read_unlock(). Therefore, we could invoke the deadloop in
raise_softirq_irqoff() with ftrace enabled as follows:

WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 0 at kernel/trace/trace.c:3021 __ftrace_trace_stack.constprop.0+0x172/0x180
Modules linked in: my_irq_work(O)
CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/0 Tainted: G O 6.18.0-rc7-dirty #23 PREEMPT(full)
Tainted: [O]=OOT_MODULE
Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.15.0-1 04/01/2014
RIP: 0010:__ftrace_trace_stack.constprop.0+0x172/0x180
RSP: 0018:ffffc900000034a8 EFLAGS: 00010002
RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 0000000000000004 RCX: 0000000000000000
RDX: 0000000000000003 RSI: ffffffff826d7b87 RDI: ffffffff826e9329
RBP: 0000000000090009 R08: 0000000000000005 R09: ffffffff82afbc4c
R10: 0000000000000008 R11: 0000000000011d7a R12: 0000000000000000
R13: ffff888003874100 R14: 0000000000000003 R15: ffff8880038c1054
FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff8880fa8ea000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
CR2: 000055b31fa7f540 CR3: 00000000078f4005 CR4: 0000000000770ef0
PKRU: 55555554
Call Trace:
<IRQ>
trace_buffer_unlock_commit_regs+0x6d/0x220
trace_event_buffer_commit+0x5c/0x260
trace_event_raw_event_softirq+0x47/0x80
raise_softirq_irqoff+0x6e/0xa0
rcu_read_unlock_special+0xb1/0x160
unwind_next_frame+0x203/0x9b0
__unwind_start+0x15d/0x1c0
arch_stack_walk+0x62/0xf0
stack_trace_save+0x48/0x70
__ftrace_trace_stack.constprop.0+0x144/0x180
trace_buffer_unlock_commit_regs+0x6d/0x220
trace_event_buffer_commit+0x5c/0x260
trace_event_raw_event_softirq+0x47/0x80
raise_softirq_irqoff+0x6e/0xa0
rcu_read_unlock_special+0xb1/0x160
unwind_next_frame+0x203/0x9b0
__unwind_start+0x15d/0x1c0
arch_stack_walk+0x62/0xf0
stack_trace_save+0x48/0x70
__ftrace_trace_stack.constprop.0+0x144/0x180
trace_buffer_unlock_commit_regs+0x6d/0x220
trace_event_buffer_commit+0x5c/0x260
trace_event_raw_event_softirq+0x47/0x80
raise_softirq_irqoff+0x6e/0xa0
rcu_read_unlock_special+0xb1/0x160
unwind_next_frame+0x203/0x9b0
__unwind_start+0x15d/0x1c0
arch_stack_walk+0x62/0xf0
stack_trace_save+0x48/0x70
__ftrace_trace_stack.constprop.0+0x144/0x180
trace_buffer_unlock_commit_regs+0x6d/0x220
trace_event_buffer_commit+0x5c/0x260
trace_event_raw_event_softirq+0x47/0x80
raise_softirq_irqoff+0x6e/0xa0
rcu_read_unlock_special+0xb1/0x160
__is_insn_slot_addr+0x54/0x70
kernel_text_address+0x48/0xc0
__kernel_text_address+0xd/0x40
unwind_get_return_address+0x1e/0x40
arch_stack_walk+0x9c/0xf0
stack_trace_save+0x48/0x70
__ftrace_trace_stack.constprop.0+0x144/0x180
trace_buffer_unlock_commit_regs+0x6d/0x220
trace_event_buffer_commit+0x5c/0x260
trace_event_raw_event_softirq+0x47/0x80
__raise_softirq_irqoff+0x61/0x80
__flush_smp_call_function_queue+0x115/0x420
__sysvec_call_function_single+0x17/0xb0
sysvec_call_function_single+0x8c/0xc0
</IRQ>

Commit b41642c87716 ("rcu: Fix rcu_read_unlock() deadloop due to IRQ work")
fixed the infinite loop in rcu_read_unlock_special() for IRQ work by
setting a flag before calling irq_work_queue_on(). We fix this issue by
setting the same flag before calling raise_softirq_irqoff() and rename the
flag to defer_qs_pending for more common.

Affected products

VendorProductAffectedFixed
Linux Linux 5.8 6.1.191

Fixed in Linux distributions

Distributions backport fixes, so the version that fixes this vulnerability differs per release — upgrade to at least the version shown. From the distributions' security trackers and advisories.

ReleasePackageFixed inAdvisory
Debian 14 linux 6.18.14-1 —
Debian 13 linux 6.12.85-1 —
Debian 12 linux No fix yet —
ReleasePackageFixed inAdvisory
Ubuntu Nvidia-BlueField 24.04 LTS linux-bluefield 6.8.0-1026.30 —
Ubuntu Nvidia-BlueField 22.04 LTS linux-bluefield No fix yet —
Ubuntu 25.10 linux +8 No fix yet —
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux 6.8.0-134.134 USN-8492-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-aws 6.8.0-1060.63 USN-8492-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-azure 6.8.0-1063.71 USN-8606-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-azure-fde 6.8.0-1062.69 USN-8607-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-azure-nvidia 6.8.0-1039.42 —
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-gcp 6.8.0-1063.69 USN-8492-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-gke 6.8.0-1058.64 USN-8492-2
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-gkeop 6.8.0-1045.48 USN-8492-2
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-ibm 6.8.0-1060.61 USN-8492-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-lowlatency 6.8.0-134.134.1 USN-8497-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-nvidia 6.8.0-1058.61 USN-8492-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-nvidia-lowlatency 6.8.0-1058.61.1 USN-8492-2
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-nvidia-tegra 6.8.0-1029.30 USN-8498-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-oracle 6.8.0-1057.58 USN-8492-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-raspi 6.8.0-1060.64 USN-8492-4
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-riscv +26 No fix yet —
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-xilinx 6.8.0-1032.33 USN-8499-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux +49 No fix yet —
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-aws-6.8 6.8.0-1060.63~22.04.1 USN-8492-2
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-azure-6.8 6.8.0-1063.71~22.04.1 USN-8606-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-azure-fde-6.8 6.8.0-1062.69~22.04.1 USN-8609-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-gcp-6.8 6.8.0-1063.69~22.04.1 USN-8492-2
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-hwe-6.8 6.8.0-136.136~22.04.1 USN-8619-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-ibm-6.8 6.8.0-1060.61~22.04.1 USN-8492-2
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.8 6.8.0-134.134.1~22.04.1 USN-8497-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-nvidia-6.8 6.8.0-1058.61~22.04.1 USN-8492-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-oracle-6.8 6.8.0-1057.58~22.04.1 USN-8492-2
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-riscv-6.8 6.8.0-134.134~22.04.1 —
Show 9 more (older releases, extended support, other products)
ReleasePackageFixed inAdvisory
Ubuntu 20.04 LTS linux-gke +28 No fix yet —
Ubuntu 18.04 LTS linux-gcp +14 No fix yet —
Ubuntu 16.04 LTS linux-hwe-edge No fix yet —
Ubuntu Pro Realtime 24.04 LTS linux-raspi-realtime 6.8.0-2049.50 USN-8492-3
Ubuntu Pro Realtime 24.04 LTS linux-realtime 6.8.1-1055.56 USN-8492-1
Ubuntu Pro Realtime 24.04 LTS linux-realtime-6.14 +1 No fix yet —
Ubuntu Pro Realtime 22.04 LTS linux-realtime +1 No fix yet —
Ubuntu Pro Realtime 22.04 LTS linux-realtime-6.8 6.8.1-1055.56~22.04.1 USN-8492-1
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 24.04 LTS linux-aws-fips 6.8.0-1060.63+fips1 USN-8492-1
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 24.04 LTS linux-azure-fips 6.8.0-1062.69+fips1 USN-8492-5
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 24.04 LTS linux-fips 6.8.0-134.134+fips1 USN-8492-5
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 24.04 LTS linux-gcp-fips 6.8.0-1063.69+fips1 USN-8492-1
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 22.04 LTS linux-fips +3 No fix yet —
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-preview 22.04 LTS linux-fips +3 No fix yet —
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-aws-5.15 +10 No fix yet —

Amazon Linux

ReleasePackageFixed inAdvisory
Amazon Linux 2023 kernel-livepatch-6.12.77-99.140 +1 1:1.0-0.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2026-1543, ALAS2023-2026-1514
Amazon Linux 2023 perf6.12 +14 1:6.12.77-99.140.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2026-1543
Amazon Linux 2023 perf6.18 +14 1:6.18.15-14.217.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2026-1514

Oracle Linux

ReleasePackageFixed inAdvisory
Oracle Linux 9 kernel-uek +34 6.12.0-204.92.4.2.el10uek ELSA-2026-50372

Advisories 16

References