Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
netfilter: nf_conntrack: destroy stale expectfn expectations on unregister
NAT helpers such as nf_nat_h323 store a raw pointer to module text in
exp->expectfn (e.g. ip_nat_q931_expect). nf_ct_helper_expectfn_unregister()
only unlinks the callback descriptor and never walks the expectation table,
so an expectation pending at module removal survives with a dangling
exp->expectfn into freed module text.
When the expected connection arrives, init_conntrack() invokes
exp->expectfn(), now a stale pointer into the unloaded module. Reproduced
on a KASAN build by loading the H.323 helpers, creating a Q.931
expectation, unloading nf_nat_h323, then connecting to the expected port:
Oops: int3: 0000 [#1] SMP KASAN NOPTI
RIP: 0010:0xffffffffa06102d1
init_conntrack.isra.0 (net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_core.c:1862)
nf_conntrack_in (net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_core.c:2049)
ipv4_conntrack_local (net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_proto.c:223)
nf_hook_slow (net/netfilter/core.c:619)
__ip_local_out (net/ipv4/ip_output.c:120)
__tcp_transmit_skb (net/ipv4/tcp_output.c:1715)
tcp_connect (net/ipv4/tcp_output.c:4374)
tcp_v4_connect (net/ipv4/tcp_ipv4.c:345)
__sys_connect (net/socket.c:2167)
Modules linked in: nf_conntrack_h323 [last unloaded: nf_nat_h323]
Reaching the dangling state requires CAP_SYS_MODULE in the initial user
namespace to remove a NAT helper that still has live expectations, so this
is a robustness fix; leaving an expectation pointing at freed text is wrong
regardless.
Add nf_ct_helper_expectfn_destroy(), which walks the expectation table and
drops every expectation whose ->expectfn matches the descriptor being torn
down. Call it from each NAT helper's exit path after the existing RCU grace
period, so no expectation outlives the code it points at and no extra
synchronize_rcu() is introduced. With the fix, the same reproducer runs to
completion without the Oops.
Affected products
| Vendor | Product | Affected | Fixed |
|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux | 2.6.20 | 6.1.176 |
Fixed in Linux distributions
Distributions backport fixes, so the version that fixes this vulnerability differs per release — upgrade to at least the version shown. From the distributions' security trackers and advisories.
Debian
Security tracker ↗| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Debian 14 | linux | 7.0.13-1 | — |
| Debian 13 | linux | 6.12.94-1 | — |
| Debian 12 | linux | 6.1.176-1 | — |
Ubuntu
Security tracker ↗| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ubuntu Nvidia-BlueField 24.04 LTS | linux-bluefield | 6.8.0-1032.37 | — |
| Ubuntu Nvidia-BlueField 22.04 LTS | linux-bluefield | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu 26.04 LTS | linux | 7.0.0-31.31 | USN-8726-1 |
| Ubuntu 26.04 LTS | linux-aws | 7.0.0-1012.12 | USN-8726-1 |
| Ubuntu 26.04 LTS | linux-azure | 7.0.0-1014.14 | USN-8726-4 |
| Ubuntu 26.04 LTS | linux-gcp +1 | 7.0.0-1011.11 | USN-8726-4, USN-8726-1 |
| Ubuntu 26.04 LTS | linux-gke | 7.0.0-1006.7 | USN-8726-1 |
| Ubuntu 26.04 LTS | linux-ibm +2 | 7.0.0-1013.13 | USN-8727-1, USN-8726-3 |
| Ubuntu 26.04 LTS | linux-nvidia | 7.0.0-1018.18 | USN-8760-2 |
| Ubuntu 26.04 LTS | linux-nvidia-bos | 7.0.0-2018.18 | USN-8800-1 |
| Ubuntu 26.04 LTS | linux-raspi | 7.0.0-1019.19 | USN-8726-2 |
| Ubuntu 26.04 LTS | linux-riscv +1 | 7.0.0-31.31.1 | USN-8726-1 |
| Ubuntu 25.10 | linux +8 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux | 6.8.0-146.146 | USN-8903-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-aws | 6.8.0-1066.69 | USN-8903-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-aws-7.0 | 7.0.0-1012.12~24.04.1 | USN-8726-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-azure-7.0 | 7.0.0-1014.14~24.04.1 | USN-8728-2 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-azure-fde | 6.8.0-1068.75 | USN-8904-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-azure-fde-7.0 | 7.0.0-1013.13~24.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-gcp +1 | 6.8.0-1070.78 | USN-8905-2, USN-8904-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-gcp-7.0 +1 | 7.0.0-1011.11~24.04.1 | USN-8728-3, USN-8728-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-gke | 6.8.0-1065.73 | USN-8903-2 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-gkeop | 6.8.0-1051.55 | USN-8903-2 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-hwe-7.0 | 7.0.0-31.31~24.04.1 | USN-8726-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-ibm | 6.8.0-1066.67 | USN-8903-2 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-lowlatency | 6.8.0-146.146.1 | USN-8903-2 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-nvidia | 6.8.0-1064.67 | USN-8903-2 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-nvidia-7.0 | 7.0.0-1018.18~24.04.1 | USN-8760-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-nvidia-lowlatency | 6.8.0-1064.67.1 | USN-8903-2 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-nvidia-tegra | 6.8.0-1038.42 | USN-9002-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-oracle | 6.8.0-1063.66 | USN-8903-2 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-raspi | 6.8.0-1068.72 | USN-9025-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-riscv +29 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-riscv-7.0 | 7.0.0-31.31.1~24.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-vmware | 6.8.0-1008.8 | — |
Show 19 more (older releases, extended support, other products)Fewer releases
| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux +49 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-aws-6.8 | 6.8.0-1066.69~22.04.1 | USN-8903-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-azure-fde-6.8 | 6.8.0-1068.75~22.04.1 | USN-8904-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-gcp-6.8 +1 | 6.8.0-1070.78~22.04.1 | USN-8905-1, USN-8904-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-hwe-6.8 | 6.8.0-149.149~22.04.1 | USN-9066-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-ibm-6.8 | 6.8.0-1066.67~22.04.1 | USN-8906-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.8 | 6.8.0-146.146.1~22.04.1 | USN-8903-2 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-nvidia-6.8 | 6.8.0-1064.67~22.04.1 | USN-8903-2 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-oracle-6.8 | 6.8.0-1067.71~22.04.1 | USN-9025-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-riscv-6.8 | 6.8.0-146.146~22.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-gke +28 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu 18.04 LTS | linux-gcp +14 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu 16.04 LTS | linux-hwe-edge | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro Realtime 24.04 LTS | linux-raspi-realtime | 6.8.0-2056.58 | USN-9025-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro Realtime 24.04 LTS | linux-realtime | 6.8.1-1061.62 | USN-8903-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro Realtime 24.04 LTS | linux-realtime-6.14 +1 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro Realtime 22.04 LTS | linux-realtime +1 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro Realtime 22.04 LTS | linux-realtime-6.8 | 6.8.1-1061.62~22.04.1 | USN-8903-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS 20.04 LTS | linux-fips +3 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS 18.04 LTS | linux-fips +3 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS 16.04 LTS | linux-fips | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 24.04 LTS | linux-aws-fips | 6.8.0-1066.69+fips1 | USN-8903-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 24.04 LTS | linux-azure-fips | 6.8.0-1069.77+fips1 | USN-8904-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 24.04 LTS | linux-fips | 6.8.0-146.146+fips1 | USN-8903-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 24.04 LTS | linux-gcp-fips | 6.8.0-1070.78+fips1 | USN-8905-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 22.04 LTS | linux-fips +3 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 20.04 LTS | linux-fips +3 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 18.04 LTS | linux-fips +3 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 16.04 LTS | linux-fips | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-preview 22.04 LTS | linux-fips +3 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS | linux +21 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS | linux +12 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro 16.04 LTS | linux +7 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro 14.04 LTS | linux +3 | No fix yet | — |
Amazon Linux
| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon Linux 2023 | kernel-livepatch-6.18.36-69.134 +2 | 1:1.0-0.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2026-1968, ALAS2023-2026-1925, ALAS2023-2026-1924 |
| Amazon Linux 2023 | perf +11 | 1:6.1.176-220.358.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2026-1924 |
| Amazon Linux 2023 | perf6.12 +11 | 1:6.12.94-123.174.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2026-1968 |
| Amazon Linux 2023 | perf6.18 +12 | 1:6.18.36-69.134.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2026-1925 |
Oracle Linux
| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oracle Linux 9 | kernel-uek +34 | 6.12.0-206.104.3.3.el10uek | ELSA-2026-500248 |
Advisories 28
- USN-9066-1 linux-hwe-6.8 vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 12, 2026
- WID-SEC-2026-2175 Linux Kernel: Mehrere Schwachstellen BSI CERT-Bund (WID) · Nov 12, 2026
- USN-9025-1 linux-oracle-6.8, linux-raspi, linux-raspi-realtime vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 12, 2026
- USN-8726-1 linux, linux-aws, linux-aws-7.0, linux-gcp, linux-gke, linux-hwe-7.0, linux-realtime vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 12, 2026
- USN-8726-4 linux-azure, linux-oracle vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 12, 2026
- USN-8728-1 linux-gcp-7.0 vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 12, 2026
- USN-8728-2 linux-azure-7.0 vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 12, 2026
- USN-9002-1 linux-nvidia-tegra vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 12, 2026
- USN-8760-1 linux-nvidia-7.0 vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 12, 2026
- USN-8800-1 linux-nvidia-bos vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 12, 2026
- USN-8728-3 linux-oracle-7.0 vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 12, 2026
- USN-8760-2 linux-nvidia vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 12, 2026
- USN-8726-3 linux-ibm vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 12, 2026
- USN-8727-1 linux-oem-7.0 vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 12, 2026
- USN-8726-2 linux-raspi vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 12, 2026
- USN-8903-2 linux-gke, linux-gkeop, linux-ibm, linux-lowlatency, linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.8, linux-nvidia, linux-nvidia-6.8, linux-nvidia-lowlatency, linux-oracle vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 9, 2026
- USN-8903-1 linux, linux-aws, linux-aws-6.8, linux-aws-fips, linux-fips, linux-realtime, linux-realtime-6.8 vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 9, 2026
- USN-8904-1 linux-azure, linux-azure-6.8, linux-azure-fde, linux-azure-fde-6.8, linux-azure-fips vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 9, 2026
- USN-8905-2 linux-gcp vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 9, 2026
- USN-8905-1 linux-gcp-6.8, linux-gcp-fips vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 9, 2026
- USN-8906-1 linux-ibm-6.8 vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 9, 2026
- ICSA-26-295-16 Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP CISA ICS & IT advisories · Oct 22, 2026
- WID-SEC-2026-3891 Siemens SIMATIC S7: Mehrere Schwachstelle BSI CERT-Bund (WID) · Oct 18, 2026
- SSA-784472 SSA-784472: Vulnerabilities in the additional GNU/Linux subsystem of the SIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP V1.1.1 Siemens ProductCERT · Oct 13, 2026
- ELSA-2026-500248 Important: Unbreakable Enterprise kernel security update (Oracle Linux 9) Oracle Linux Security Advisories (ELSA) · Sep 4, 2026
- ALAS2023-2026-1924 Important: kernel security update (Amazon Linux 2023) Amazon Linux Security Center (ALAS) · Aug 12, 2026
- ALAS2023-2026-1968 Important: kernel6.12 security update (Amazon Linux 2023) Amazon Linux Security Center (ALAS) · Aug 12, 2026
- ALAS2023-2026-1925 Important: kernel6.18 security update (Amazon Linux 2023) Amazon Linux Security Center (ALAS) · Jul 29, 2026
References
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fbfde85308b99938a6092c48753214d190ece48d
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/29d8cc44bbdf7b83a1929912214afe6643c1b4f1
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f92c90a2a3e6ff6f9f7fe88fde9004b4ca8f956d
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9d017671dcfcec23321fb7962dea624f9e71ddb1
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bf8c0b5dd203be94c2ad50e264cec19267c6bd39
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c3009418f9fa1dcb3eb86f4d8c92583537b5faa3