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High · 7.8 CVE-2026-54692 EUVD-2026-82409

SAIL: XBM X10 decoder writes 2 bytes per literal into a 1-byte-per-literal buffer (heap out-of-bounds write)

Published Sep 17, 2026 · Updated Sep 21, 2026 · Assigned by GitHub_M

Description

SAIL is a cross-platform library for loading and saving images with support for animation, metadata, and ICC profiles. Prior to 1.0.0, sail_codec_load_frame_v8_xbm() in src/sail-codecs/xbm/xbm.c allocates the decoded pixel buffer using the X11 one-byte-per-literal layout, but an X10 static short file causes the flat decode loop to write two file-controlled bytes per literal. When ceil(width/8) produces an odd row stride, the X10 literal count includes a padding byte for every row, but the destination has no space for those bytes, so loading the XBM through sail_load_from_file, sail_load_from_memory, or sail_start_loading_* produces a forward heap overwrite that scales with image height. The X11 static char path is not affected. The overwrite can corrupt process state, cause reliable crashes, and potentially enable code execution in a susceptible consuming application. This issue is fixed in version 1.0.0.

Affected products

VendorProductAffectedFixed
HappySeaFox sail < 1.0.0 —

Fixed in Linux distributions

Distributions backport fixes, so the version that fixes this vulnerability differs per release — upgrade to at least the version shown. From the distributions' security trackers and advisories.

ReleasePackageFixed inAdvisory
Debian 14 sail 1.2.0-1 —
Debian 13 sail No fix yet —
ReleasePackageFixed inAdvisory
Ubuntu 26.10 sail No fix yet —
Ubuntu 26.04 LTS sail No fix yet —
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS sail No fix yet —

Wolfi

ReleasePackageFixed inAdvisory
Wolfi rolling sail +1 No fix yet —

References