dm-pcache: validate geometry fields from on-disk cache_info

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

dm-pcache: validate geometry fields from on-disk cache_info

cache_segs_init() iterates cache_info->n_segs times indexing
cache->segments[], which is sized to the cache device geometry, and
get_seg_id() takes each segment id from the on-media cache_info and the
per-segment next_seg link. Both come from cache device metadata that is
only CRC-protected with a fixed public seed, so whoever supplies the
cache device on a table load (CAP_SYS_ADMIN) controls them: an oversized
n_segs or an out-of-range id drives an out-of-bounds access of
cache->segments[] and a wild CACHE_DEV_SEGMENT() pointer into the device
mapping -- an out-of-bounds read and write from on-disk data.

Reject an n_segs that exceeds the device segment count and a segment id
that is out of range before either is used. Valid metadata is unaffected.