Weakness (CWE)
CWE-119: Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
The product performs operations on a memory buffer, but it reads from or writes to a memory location outside the buffer's intended boundary.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
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Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
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Implementation
Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
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Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
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Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
Source: MITRE CWE-119
190 results · Clear filters · Feed
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Low 3.3
libyal libvmdk Descriptor File libvmdk_descriptor_file.c libvmdk_descriptor_file_read_header out-of-bounds
A vulnerability was detected in libyal libvmdk. Affected by this vulnerability is the function libvmdk_descriptor_file_read_header of the file libvmdk/libvmdk_descriptor_file.c of the component Descriptor File Parser. The manipulation results in out-of-bounds…
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Low 3.5
libyal libvmdk Extent Data File libvmdk_extent_table.c libvmdk_extent_table_get_extent_data_file_path memory corruption
A security vulnerability has been detected in libyal libvmdk up to 3fdd7839758e9f44ef95e1dfccde8552b860a4fc. Affected is the function libvmdk_extent_table_get_extent_data_file_path of the file libvmdk/libvmdk_extent_table.c of the component Extent Data File H…
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Low 3.3
Hangzhou Xiongmai Technology P2PAPI.dll P2P SDK P2PAPI_Connect buffer overflow
A security vulnerability has been detected in Hangzhou Xiongmai Technology P2PAPI.dll 1.3.3.32 on Windows. Affected by this issue is the function P2PAPI_Connect of the component P2P SDK. Such manipulation of the argument input as part of String leads to buffe…
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Low 3.5
libimobiledevice AFC File afc.c afc_file_open out-of-bounds
A security vulnerability has been detected in libimobiledevice up to 1.4.0. Impacted is the function afc_file_open of the file src/afc.c of the component AFC File Handler. The manipulation of the argument bytes leads to out-of-bounds read. It is possible to i…
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Low 3.3
Authenticated Local Memory Corruption Vulnerability in AOS-8 Web-Based Management Interface
A memory corruption vulnerability exists in the web-based management interface of AOS-8. Successful exploitation could allow an authenticated low privilege attacker with local access to view some system files and interrupt the normal operation of the affected…
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Low 2.8
ggml-org whisper.cpp Model Loader whisper_model_load out-of-bounds
A vulnerability was detected in ggml-org whisper.cpp up to 1.9.4. This affects the function whisper_model_load of the file src/whisper.cpp of the component Model Loader. Performing a manipulation of the argument ttype results in out-of-bounds read. The attack…
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Low 3.7
Buffer Overflow vulnerability in zserge jsmn jsmn HEAD 25647e6 allows a remote attacker to cause a denial of service vi…
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Low 3.3
In returnOutputBufferLocked of DeprecatedCamera3StreamSplitter.cpp, there is a possible out-of-bounds read due to a mis…
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Low 2.7
NASA cFS cfe_fs_api.c CFE_FS_ParseInputFileNameEx out-of-bounds
A flaw has been found in NASA cFS up to 7.0.1. This issue affects the function CFE_FS_ParseInputFileNameEx of the file cfe/modules/fs/fsw/src/cfe_fs_api.c. This manipulation causes out-of-bounds read. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The pull re…
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Low 2.7
Authenticated Buffer Overflow Vulnerability in the API Endpoint of HPE Networking Instant On Causes Denial-of-Service
A buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the API endpoint of HPE Networking Instant On that could allow an authenticated attacker with administrative privileges to cause a denial of service. Successful exploitation could allow an attacker to interrupt the no…
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Low 3.3
Authenticated Local Buffer Overflow Vulnerability leads to Denial-of-Service in HPE Networking Instant On
A buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the underlying operating system of HPE Networking Instant On. Successful exploitation could allow a low-privilege authenticated local attacker to interrupt the normal operation of the affected service.
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Low 3.3
GPAC Proto Link mpeg4_inline.c gf_inline_get_proto_lib use after free
A security flaw has been discovered in GPAC 26.08-DEV. This affects the function gf_inline_get_proto_lib of the file src/compositor/mpeg4_inline.c of the component Proto Link Handler. The manipulation results in use after free. The attack requires a local app…
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Low 3.3
GPAC BIFS commands.c gf_sg_command_del use after free
A vulnerability was identified in GPAC 26.08-DEV. The impacted element is the function gf_sg_command_del of the file src/scenegraph/commands.c of the component BIFS Handler. The manipulation leads to use after free. The attack needs to be performed locally. T…
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Low 3.3
GPAC MP4Box base_scenegraph.c gf_node_deactivate_ex use after free
A vulnerability was determined in GPAC 26.08-DEV. The affected element is the function gf_node_deactivate_ex of the file src/scenegraph/base_scenegraph.c of the component MP4Box. Executing a manipulation can lead to use after free. The attack needs to be laun…
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Low 3.9
GPAC base_scenegraph.c gf_node_activate_ex stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was determined in GPAC up to f1219cde. The affected element is the function gf_node_activate_ex of the file scenegraph/base_scenegraph.c. This manipulation causes stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to launch the attack on the local ho…
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Low 3.3
GPAC MP4Box base_scenegraph.c gf_node_deactivate_ex use after free
A vulnerability was identified in GPAC 26.07.0. This affects the function gf_node_deactivate_ex of the file scenegraph/base_scenegraph.c of the component MP4Box. Such manipulation leads to use after free. The attack must be carried out locally. The exploit is…
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Low 2.8
GPAC MP4Box base_scenegraph.c gf_node_del out-of-bounds
A vulnerability was determined in GPAC 26.07.0. Affected by this issue is the function gf_node_del of the file scenegraph/base_scenegraph.c of the component MP4Box. This manipulation causes out-of-bounds read. The attack is restricted to local execution. The …
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Low 3.3
GPAC MP4Box base_scenegraph.c gf_node_unregister use after free
A vulnerability was found in GPAC 26.07.0. Affected by this vulnerability is the function gf_node_unregister of the file scenegraph/base_scenegraph.c of the component MP4Box. The manipulation results in use after free. The attack is only possible with local a…
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Low 3.3
GPAC MP4Box dom_events.c gf_sg_dom_event_bubble stack-based overflow
A vulnerability has been found in GPAC 26.07.0. Affected is the function gf_sg_dom_event_bubble of the file src/scenegraph/dom_events.c of the component MP4Box. The manipulation leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack can only be performed from a loc…
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Low 3.3
Matthias-Wandel jhead EXIF Parsing exif.c Get16u out-of-bounds
A weakness has been identified in Matthias-Wandel jhead up to 3.3. This affects the function Get16u of the file exif.c of the component EXIF Parsing. This manipulation causes out-of-bounds read. The attack requires local access. The exploit has been made avai…
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Low 3.3
GPAC MP4Box svg_attributes.c gf_svg_attributes_copy buffer over-read
A vulnerability was found in GPAC up to f1219cde. This affects the function gf_svg_attributes_copy of the file scenegraph/svg_attributes.c of the component MP4Box. Performing a manipulation results in buffer over-read. The attack is only possible with local a…
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Low 3.1
valkey-io valkey kvstore.c kvstoreGetHashtable out-of-bounds
A weakness has been identified in valkey-io valkey up to 9.0.5/9.1.1. This affects the function kvstoreGetHashtable of the file src/kvstore.c. This manipulation of the argument didx causes out-of-bounds read. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. Th…
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Low 2.4
valkey-io valkey Module Timer module.c moduleTimerHandler double free
A vulnerability was determined in valkey-io valkey 9.1.0. Impacted is the function moduleTimerHandler of the file src/module.c of the component Module Timer Subsystem. This manipulation causes double free. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has…
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Low 2.2
valkey-io valkey Blocked-on-keys blocked.c handleClientsBlockedOnKey use after free
A security flaw has been discovered in valkey-io valkey 9.1.0. The affected element is the function handleClientsBlockedOnKey of the file src/blocked.c of the component Blocked-on-keys Subsystem. The manipulation results in use after free. The attack may be p…
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Low 3.3
LatencyUtils PauseDetector LatencyStats.java LatencyStats.recordDetectedPause memory corruption
A vulnerability was determined in LatencyUtils up to 2.0.3. Affected by this issue is the function LatencyStats.recordDetectedPause of the file src/main/java/org/LatencyUtils/LatencyStats.java of the component PauseDetector. Executing a manipulation can lead …
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Low 3.7
Systerel S2OPC AddNodes Service sopc_node_mgt_helper_internal.c out-of-bounds
A vulnerability has been found in Systerel S2OPC up to 1.7.3. Impacted is the function SOPC_NodeMgtHelperInternal_AddVariableNodeAttributes of the file src/ClientServer/address_space/internal/sopc_node_mgt_helper_internal.c of the component AddNodes Service. …
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Low 3.5
TrailDB TOC Validation tdb.c tdb_open out-of-bounds
A vulnerability was detected in TrailDB 0.6. Impacted is the function tdb_open of the file /src/tdb.c of the component TOC Validation. The manipulation results in out-of-bounds read. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit is now public and …
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Low 3.3
Systerel S2OPC DeleteMonitoredItemsRequest state_machine.c out-of-bounds
A weakness has been identified in Systerel S2OPC up to 1.7.3. This affects the function LockedStaMac_ProcessMsg_DeleteMonitoredItemsResponse of the file src/ClientServer/frontend/client_wrapper/internal/state_machine.c of the component DeleteMonitoredItemsReq…
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Low 3.3
ggml-org whisper.cpp log_mel_spectrogram out-of-bounds
A vulnerability has been found in ggml-org whisper.cpp 1.8.4-58. This impacts the function log_mel_spectrogram of the file src/whisper.cpp. The manipulation leads to out-of-bounds read. The attack needs to be performed locally. The pull request to fix this is…
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Low 3.3
Open5GS AMF context.c amf_context_final use after free
A security flaw has been discovered in Open5GS 2.7.7. This affects the function amf_context_final of the file src/amf/context.c of the component AMF. Performing a manipulation results in use after free. The attack is only possible with local access. The explo…
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Low 3.3
GPAC MP4Box vobsub.c vobsub_read_idx out-of-bounds
A vulnerability was determined in GPAC 26.03-DEV. This affects the function vobsub_read_idx of the file /src/media_tools/vobsub.c of the component MP4Box. Executing a manipulation of the argument num_langs can lead to out-of-bounds read. The attack needs to b…
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Low 3.3
GPAC MP4Box box_code_base.c sgpd_del_entry heap-based overflow
A vulnerability was identified in GPAC up to b40ce70f5. This issue affects the function sgpd_del_entry of the file src/isomedia/box_code_base.c of the component MP4Box. Such manipulation of the argument data leads to heap-based buffer overflow. Local access i…
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Low 3.3
GPAC MP4Box avc_ext.c gf_isom_nalu_sample_rewrite double free
A vulnerability was determined in GPAC up to 2.5-DEV. This vulnerability affects the function gf_isom_nalu_sample_rewrite of the file src/isomedia/avc_ext.c of the component MP4Box. This manipulation of the argument nalu_out_bs causes double free. It is possi…
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Low 3.3
radareorg radare2 Memory64ListStream mdmp.c stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was detected in radareorg radare2 up to 6.1.6. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file libr/bin/format/mdmp/mdmp.c of the component Memory64ListStream Parser. Performing a manipulation results in stack-based buffer ove…
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Low 3.3
radareorg radare2 cfile.c r_core_bin_load use after free
A security vulnerability has been detected in radareorg radare2 up to 6.1.6. Affected by this vulnerability is the function r_core_bin_load of the file libr/core/cfile.c. Such manipulation leads to use after free. The attack needs to be performed locally. The…
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Low 3.3
radareorg radare2 regprofile disasm.c r_core_seek_arch_bits use after free
A weakness has been identified in radareorg radare2 up to 6.1.6. Impacted is the function r_core_seek_arch_bits of the file libr/core/disasm.c of the component regprofile Handler. Executing a manipulation can lead to use after free. The attack requires local …
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Low 3.3
radareorg radare2 RBinJava Line Number Table class.c r_bin_java_inner_classes_attr_calc_size heap-based overflow
A security flaw has been discovered in radareorg radare2 up to 6.1.6. This issue affects the function r_bin_java_inner_classes_attr_calc_size of the file shlr/java/class.c of the component RBinJava Line Number Table Parser. Performing a manipulation results i…
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Low 3.7
seladb PcapPlusPlus LightPcapNg light_pcapng.c parse_by_block_type heap-based overflow
A vulnerability was found in seladb PcapPlusPlus 25.05. The affected element is the function parse_by_block_type of the file light_pcapng.c of the component LightPcapNg Parser. Performing a manipulation of the argument captured_packet_length results in heap-b…
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Low 3.3
llvm llvm-project Bitcode File IntrinsicInst.cpp getBasePtr heap-based overflow
A vulnerability was determined in llvm llvm-project up to 22.1.6. This impacts the function GCRelocateInst::getBasePtr in the library llvm/lib/IR/IntrinsicInst.cpp of the component Bitcode File Handler. This manipulation causes heap-based buffer overflow. It …
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Low 3.3
llvm llvm-project ValueSymbolTable ValueSymbolTable.cpp insert stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was found in llvm llvm-project up to 22.1.6. This affects the function llvm::StringMap::insert in the library /lib/IR/ValueSymbolTable.cpp of the component ValueSymbolTable Module. The manipulation results in stack-based buffer overflow. Attac…