Weakness (CWE)
CWE-120: Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input
The product copies an input buffer to an output buffer without verifying that the size of the input buffer is less than the size of the output buffer.
How to prevent it (8 mitigations)
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Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
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Implementation
Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that your buffer is as large as you specify.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
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Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
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Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Source: MITRE CWE-120
1,826 results · Clear filters · Feed
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High 8.8
Edimax AC1200 Wi-Fi 5 Dual-Band Router BR-6476AC 1.06 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via /goform/getWifiBasic.
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High 8.8
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IBM Analytics Content Hub buffer overflow
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High 7.8
GPAC MP4box 2.1-DEV-rev574-g9d5bb184b contains a buffer overflow in gf_vvc_read_pps_bs_internal function of media_tools…
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High 8.1
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High 7.8
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High 7.5
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High 7.5
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High 7.5
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High 7.5
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High 7.5CVE-2024-24451 Public exploit
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High 7.5
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High 7.8
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High 7.3
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High 8.0CVE-2024-54887 Public exploit
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High 7.5
Elspec Engineering G5 Digital Fault Recorder Firmware v1.2.1.12 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow.
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High 7.9
Stack Buffer Overflow in PX4-Autopilot v1.14.3, which allows attackers to execute commands to exploit this vulnerabilit…
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High 7.8
Buffer Copy Without Checking Size of Input (`Classic Buffer Overflow`) in WLAN Windows Host
Memory corruption while processing IOCTL call invoked from user-space to verify non extension FIPS encryption and decryption functionality.
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High 7.8
Buffer Copy Without Checking Size of Input (`Classic Buffer Overflow`) in WLAN Windows Host
Memory corruption when IOCTL call is invoked from user-space to read board data.
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High 8.4
Buffer Copy Without Checking Size of Input in Data Network Stack & Connectivity
Memory corruption while processing IPA statistics, when there are no active clients registered.
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High 7.8
In construct_transaction_from_cmd of lwis_ioctl.c, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a heap buffer overflo…
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High 7.3
Netgear R6900P/R7000P HTTP Header sub_16C4C buffer overflow
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High 7.8
iio: adc: ad7923: Fix buffer overflow for tx_buf and ring_xfer
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: iio: adc: ad7923: Fix buffer overflow for tx_buf and ring_xfer The AD7923 was updated to support devices with 8 channels, but the size of tx_buf and ring_xfer was not increased accordingly, l…
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High 7.8
clk: clk-loongson2: Fix potential buffer overflow in flexible-array member access
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: clk: clk-loongson2: Fix potential buffer overflow in flexible-array member access Flexible-array member `hws` in `struct clk_hw_onecell_data` is annotated with the `counted_by()` attribute. T…
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High 7.8
DWFX File Parsing Vulnerabilities in Autodesk Navisworks Desktop Software
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High 7.5
iptraf-ng 1.2.1 has a stack-based buffer overflow. In src/ifaces.c, the strcpy function consistently fails to control t…
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High 8.3
Potential stack corruption in Routing Service when using a malicious XML configuration document
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High 8.3
Potential stack buffer write overflow in Connext applications while parsing malicious XML types document
Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow') vulnerability in RTI Connext Professional (Core Libraries, Routing Service) allows Overflow Variables and Tags.This issue affects Connext Professional: from 7.0.0 before 7.3.0.5, from 6.1.…
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High 8.3
Potential stack buffer overflow when parsing an XML type
Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow') vulnerability in RTI Connext Professional (Core Libraries, Queuing Service, Recording Service, Routing Service) allows Overflow Variables and Tags.This issue affects Connext Professional: …
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High 8.3
Potential stack overflow when using XML configuration file referencing environment variables
Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow') vulnerability in RTI Connext Professional (Routing Service, Recording Service, Queuing Service, Observability Collector Service, Cloud Discovery Service) allows Buffer Overflow via Environ…
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High 8.8
Open Robotics Robotic Operating System 2 (ROS2) and Nav2 humble version was discovered to contain a heap overflow in th…
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High 8.4
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High 7.8
In the MTK_FLP_MSG_HAL_DIAG_REPORT_DATA_NTF handler of flp2hal_- interface.c, there is a possible stack buffer overflow…
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High 8.8
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High 7.5
A buffer overflow vulnerability in the packet parser of the third-party library "libclinkc" in Zyxel VMG8825-T50K firmw…
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High 8.8
In handle_app_cur_val_response of dtif_rc.cc, there is a possible stack buffer overflow due to a missing bounds check. …
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High 7.8
Buffer Overflow vulnerability in radarorg radare2 v.5.8.8 allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code via the parse_di…
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High 8.8
D-Link DIR-605L formSetPortTr buffer overflow
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High 8.8
D-Link DIR-605L formResetStatistic buffer overflow
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High 7.5
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