Weakness (CWE)
CWE-120: Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input
The product copies an input buffer to an output buffer without verifying that the size of the input buffer is less than the size of the output buffer.
How to prevent it (8 mitigations)
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Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
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Implementation
Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that your buffer is as large as you specify.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
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Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
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Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Source: MITRE CWE-120
82 results · Clear filters · Feed
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Low 3.5
D-LINK DI-8003 v16.07.16A1 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via the fn parameter in the tgfile_htm function.
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Low 3.5
D-LINK DI-8003 v16.07.16A1 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via the notify parameter in the arp_sys_asp func…
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Low 3.5
D-LINK DI-8003 v16.07.26A1 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via the ip parameter in the ip_position_asp func…
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Low 3.9
Libopensc: incorrect handling of the length of buffers or files in pkcs15init
A vulnerability was found in the pkcs15-init tool in OpenSC. An attacker could use a crafted USB Device or Smart Card, which would present the system with a specially crafted response to APDUs. When buffers are partially filled with data, initialized parts of…
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Low 2.7
robdns commit d76d2e6 was discovered to contain a heap overflow via the component block->filename at /src/zonefile-inse…
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Low 3.6
Buffer Overflow vulnerability in Ffmpeg v.N113007-g8d24a28d06 allows a local attacker to execute arbitrary code via the…
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Low 2.7
Buffer Overflow vulnerability in the get_var_integer function in mqtt_parser.c in NanoMQ 0.21.7 allows remote attackers…
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Low 3.0
A Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input issue affecting the v2_sdk_service running on a set of DJI drone devices o…
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Low 3.7
Vyper _abi_decode Memory Overflow
Vyper is a pythonic Smart Contract Language for the ethereum virtual machine. If an excessively large value is specified as the starting index for an array in `_abi_decode`, it can cause the read position to overflow. This results in the decoding of values ou…
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Low 3.3
Open Robotics Robotic Operating Sytstem 2 (ROS2) and Nav2 humble versions were discovered to contain a buffer overflow …
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Low 3.8
QTS, QuTS hero, QuTScloud
A buffer copy without checking size of input vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow authenticated administrators to execute code via a network. We have already fixed the vu…
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Low 3.8
QTS, QuTS hero, QuTScloud
A buffer copy without checking size of input vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow authenticated administrators to execute code via a network. We have already fixed the vu…
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Low 3.8
QTS, QuTS hero, QuTScloud
A buffer copy without checking size of input vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow authenticated administrators to execute code via a network. We have already fixed the vu…
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Low 3.8
QTS, QuTS hero, QuTScloud
A buffer copy without checking size of input vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow authenticated administrators to execute code via a network. We have already fixed the vu…
-
Low 3.8
QTS, QuTS hero
A buffer copy without checking size of input vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow authenticated administrators to execute code via a network. We have already fixed the vu…
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Low 3.8
QTS, QuTS hero
A buffer copy without checking size of input vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow authenticated administrators to execute code via a network. We have already fixed the vu…
-
Low 3.8
QTS, QuTS hero
A buffer copy without checking size of input vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow authenticated administrators to execute code via a network. We have already fixed the vu…
-
Low 3.8
QTS, QuTS hero
A buffer copy without checking size of input vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow authenticated administrators to execute code via a network. We have already fixed the vu…
-
Low 3.8
QTS, QuTS hero
A buffer copy without checking size of input vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow authenticated administrators to execute code via a network. We have already fixed the vu…
-
Low 3.8
QTS, QuTS hero
A buffer copy without checking size of input vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow authenticated administrators to execute code via a network. We have already fixed the vu…
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Low 3.7
Buffer overflow in some Zoom clients may allow an unauthenticated user to conduct a denial of service via network acces…
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Low 2.9
Global Buffer Overflow leading to denial of service in PX4-Autopilot
PX4 autopilot is a flight control solution for drones. In affected versions a global buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the CrsfParser_TryParseCrsfPacket function in /src/drivers/rc/crsf_rc/CrsfParser.cpp:298 due to the invalid size check. A malicious us…
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Low 3.8
QTS, QuTS hero, QuTScloud
A buffer copy without checking size of input vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow authenticated administrators to execute code via a network. We have already fixed the vu…
-
Low 3.8
QTS, QuTS hero, QuTScloud
A buffer copy without checking size of input vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow authenticated administrators to execute code via a network. We have already fixed the vu…
-
Low 3.8
QTS, QuTS hero, QuTScloud
A buffer copy without checking size of input vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow authenticated administrators to execute code via a network. We have already fixed the vu…
-
Low 3.3
Buffer Overflow vulnerability in function LoadRGB in PluginDDS.cpp in FreeImage 3.18.0 allows remote attackers to run a…
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Low 3.3
Stack buffer overflow in "read_file" function
A Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow') vulnerability in openSUSE libeconf leads to DoS via malformed config files. This issue affects libeconf: before 0.5.2.
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Low 3.3
Stack buffer overflow in "econf_writeFile" function
A Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow') vulnerability in openSUSE libeconf allows for DoS via malformed configuration files This issue affects libeconf: before 0.5.2.
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Low 1.9
Buffer Overflow Vulnerability in Western Digital My Cloud Home and ibi devices
A buffer overflow vulnerability was discovered on firmware version validation that could lead to an unauthenticated remote code execution in Western Digital My Cloud Home, My Cloud Home Duo and SanDisk ibi devices. An attacker would require exploitation of an…
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Low 3.8
Insufficient length checks in the ShapeShift KeepKey hardware wallet firmware before 7.7.0 allow a global buffer overfl…
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Low 2.8
TinyTIFF File tinytiffreader.c buffer overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, has been found in TinyTIFF 3.0.0.0. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file tinytiffreader.c of the component File Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. Attacking locally is a …
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Low 2.8
Yokogawa WideField3 Buffer Copy Without Checking Size of Input
In Yokogawa WideField3 R1.01 - R4.03, a buffer overflow could be caused when a user loads a maliciously crafted project file.
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Low 3.7
An out-of-bounds write vulnerability exists in the HandleSeaCloudMessage functionality of Sealevel Systems, Inc. SeaCon…
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Low 3.7
An out-of-bounds write vulnerability exists in the HandleSeaCloudMessage functionality of Sealevel Systems, Inc. SeaCon…
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Low 2.5
Heap buffer overflow in `Conv3DBackprop*`
TensorFlow is an end-to-end open source platform for machine learning. Missing validation between arguments to `tf.raw_ops.Conv3DBackprop*` operations can result in heap buffer overflows. This is because the implementation(https://github.com/tensorflow/tensor…
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Low 3.6
Heap buffer overflow in `BandedTriangularSolve`
TensorFlow is an end-to-end open source platform for machine learning. An attacker can trigger a heap buffer overflow in Eigen implementation of `tf.raw_ops.BandedTriangularSolve`. The implementation(https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/blob/eccb7ec454e66…
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Low 2.5
Overflow/denial of service in `tf.raw_ops.ReverseSequence`
TensorFlow is an end-to-end open source platform for machine learning. The implementation of `tf.raw_ops.ReverseSequence` allows for stack overflow and/or `CHECK`-fail based denial of service. The implementation(https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/blob/5…
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Low 2.5
Heap buffer overflow in `Conv2DBackpropFilter`
TensorFlow is an end-to-end open source platform for machine learning. An attacker can cause a heap buffer overflow to occur in `Conv2DBackpropFilter`. This is because the implementation(https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/blob/1b0296c3b8dd9bd948f924aa8c…
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Low 2.5
Heap buffer overflow in `RaggedBinCount`
TensorFlow is an end-to-end open source platform for machine learning. If the `splits` argument of `RaggedBincount` does not specify a valid `SparseTensor`(https://www.tensorflow.org/api_docs/python/tf/sparse/SparseTensor), then an attacker can trigger a heap…
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Low —
Buffer overflow in deprecated USB HALs and stack overflow in USB enumeration
### Impact 1) If an application is making use of the deprecated kit protocol HALs as the communication channel to the target device an attacker can masquerade as a device and return malformed packets of arbitrary length which the protocol stack will write to …