Weakness (CWE)
CWE-120: Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input
The product copies an input buffer to an output buffer without verifying that the size of the input buffer is less than the size of the output buffer.
How to prevent it (8 mitigations)
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Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
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Implementation
Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that your buffer is as large as you specify.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
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Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
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Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Source: MITRE CWE-120
3,303 results · Feed
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Low 3.5
D-LINK DI-8003 v16.07.26A1 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via the host_ip parameter in the ipsec_road_asp …
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Low 3.5
D-LINK DI-8003 v16.07.16A1 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via the fn parameter in the tgfile_htm function.
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Low 3.5
D-LINK DI-8003 v16.07.16A1 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via the notify parameter in the arp_sys_asp func…
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High 7.8
A buffer overflow issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in macOS Sonoma 14.6. An app m…
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High 7.8
A buffer overflow issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in macOS Sonoma 14.6. An app m…
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High 7.8
drm/amdgpu: add missing size check in amdgpu_debugfs_gprwave_read()
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/amdgpu: add missing size check in amdgpu_debugfs_gprwave_read() Avoid a possible buffer overflow if size is larger than 4K. (cherry picked from commit f5d873f5825b40d886d03bd2aede91d4cf00…
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Low 3.5
D-LINK DI-8003 v16.07.26A1 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via the ip parameter in the ip_position_asp func…
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Medium 5.7CVE-2024-52711 Public exploit
DI-8100 v16.07.26A1 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow In the ip_position_asp function via the ip parameter.
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High 8.1
Tenda AC6 v2.0 v15.03.06.50 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow in the function 'fromSetSysTime.
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Medium 6.5
Cisco IP Phones Cisco Discovery Protocol and Link Layer Discovery Protocol Remote Code Execution and Denial of Service Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities in the Cisco Discovery Protocol and Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) implementations for Cisco IP Phone Series 68xx/78xx/88xx could allow an unauthenticated, adjacent attacker to execute code remotely or cause a reload o…
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Critical 9.8
miniupnp before 4c90b87, as used in Bitcoin Core before 0.12 and other products, lacks checks for snprintf return value…
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Medium 4.3
Cisco IOS XR Software Cisco Discovery Protocol Buffer Overflow Vulnerability
A vulnerability in the Cisco Discovery Protocol implementation for Cisco IOS XR Software could allow an unauthenticated, adjacent attacker to cause the Cisco Discovery Protocol process to reload on an affected device. This vulnerability is due …
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Medium 5.3CVE-2024-24450 Public exploit
Stack-based memcpy buffer overflow in the ngap_handle_pdu_session_resource_setup_response routine in OpenAirInterface C…
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Medium 5.3
A buffer overflow in the ngap_amf_handle_pdu_session_resource_setup_response function of oai-cn5g-amf up to v2.0.0 allo…
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Critical 9.8
Multiple Buffer overflows in the MMS Client in MZ Automation LibIEC61850 before commit 1f52be9ddeae00e69cd43e4cac3cb4f0…
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Critical 9.8
Multiple Buffer overflows in the MMS Client in MZ Automation LibIEC61850 before commit ac925fae8e281ac6defcd630e9dd7562…
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High 7.5
Apache Traffic Server: Valid Host field value can cause crashes
Valid Host header field can cause Apache Traffic Server to crash on some platforms. This issue affects Apache Traffic Server: from 9.2.0 through 9.2.5. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 9.2.6, which fixes the issue, or 10.0.2, which does not have th…
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Medium 5.4
A Stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability was found in /admin/department.php in KASHIPARA E-learning Management…
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Medium 5.4
A Stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability was found in /admin/class.php in KASHIPARA E-learning Management Syst…
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Medium 5.4
A Stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability was found in /admin/add_subject.php in KASHIPARA E-learning Managemen…
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Medium 6.5
A heap-based buffer overflow in tsMuxer version nightly-2024-05-10-02-00-45 allows attackers to cause Denial of Service…
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Medium 6.5
A stack-based buffer over-read in tsMuxer version nightly-2024-03-14-01-51-12 allows attackers to cause Information Dis…
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High 8.8
A heap-based buffer overflow in tsMuxer version nightly-2024-03-14-01-51-12 allows attackers to cause Denial of Service…
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High 8.8
A heap-based buffer overflow in tsMuxer version nightly-2024-05-12-02-01-18 allows attackers to cause Denial of Service…
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High 8.8
A heap-based buffer overflow in tsMuxer version nightly-2024-03-14-01-51-12 allows attackers to cause Denial of Service…
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Medium 6.5
A buffer overflow in the RecvSocketData function of Inovance HCPLC_AM401-CPU1608TPTN 21.38.0.0, HCPLC_AM402-CPU1608TPTN…
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Medium 4.5
A buffer overflow vulnerability in the CGI program in the Zyxel GS1900-48 switch firmware version V2.80(AAHN.1)C0 and e…
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Critical 9.8
The boa httpd of Trendnet TEW-820AP 1.01.B01 has a stack overflow vulnerability in /boafrm/formIPv6Addr, /boafrm/formIp…
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High 7.5
Driver Booster v10.6 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via the Host parameter under the Customize proxy modul…
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Critical 9.8
SuperScan v4.1 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via the Hostname/IP parameter.
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Critical 9.8
gio/gsocks4aproxy.c in GNOME GLib before 2.82.1 has an off-by-one error and resultant buffer overflow because SOCKS4_CO…
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High 8.4
An issue was discovered in pdf/pdf_xref.c in Artifex Ghostscript before 10.04.0. There is a buffer overflow during hand…
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High 7.8
vmir e8117 was discovered to contain a heap buffer overflow via the wasm_call function at /src/vmir_wasm_parser.c.
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Critical 9.8
vmir e8117 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the init_local_vars function at /src/vmir_wasm_parser.c.
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Medium 6.2
wac commit 385e1 was discovered to contain a heap overflow.
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Medium 5.5
wac commit 385e1 was discovered to contain a heap overflow via the load_module function at /wac-asan/wa.c. This vulnera…
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Medium 6.2
wac commit 385e1 was discovered to contain a heap overflow via the interpret function at /wac-asan/wa.c. This vulnerabi…
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Medium 6.2
wac commit 385e1 was discovered to contain a heap overflow via the setup_call function at /wac-asan/wa.c. This vulnerab…
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Medium 6.3
emqx neuron plugin_handle.c handle_add_plugin buffer overflow
A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in emqx neuron up to 2.10.0. Affected is the function handle_add_plugin in the library cmd.library of the file plugins/restful/plugin_handle.c. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. It is possible to …
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Medium 6.5
Buffer Overflow vulnerability in Tenda O3 v.1.0.0.5 allows a remote attacker to cause a denial of service via a network…