Weakness (CWE)
CWE-120: Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input
The product copies an input buffer to an output buffer without verifying that the size of the input buffer is less than the size of the output buffer.
How to prevent it (8 mitigations)
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Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
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Implementation
Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that your buffer is as large as you specify.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
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Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
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Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Source: MITRE CWE-120
3,303 results · Feed
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Medium 6.3
rizin before v0.6.3 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via create_cache_bins, read_cache_accel, and rz_dyldcache_new_buf …
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Medium 5.5
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Medium 5.3
SourceCodester Phone Contact Manager System User Menu MenuDisplayStart buffer overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in SourceCodester Phone Contact Manager System 1.0. Affected is the function UserInterface::MenuDisplayStart of the component User Menu. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. It is possible to …
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Medium 4.3
AMI (aka American Megatrends) NTFS driver 1.0.0 (fixed in late 2021 or early 2022) has a buffer overflow. This driver i…
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Critical 9.8
The POSIX::2008 package before 0.24 for Perl has a potential _execve50c env buffer overflow.
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Medium 6.5
TP-Link VN020 F3v(T) SOAP Request WANIPConnection buffer overflow
A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in TP-Link VN020 F3v(T) TT_V6.2.1021. Affected is an unknown function of the file /control/WANIPConnection of the component SOAP Request Handler. The manipulation of the argument NewConnectionType leads to…
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High 8.8
Open Robotics Robotic Operating System 2 (ROS2) and Nav2 humble version was discovered to contain a heap overflow in th…
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Medium 6.7
In reboot_block_command of htc reboot_block driver, there is a possible stack buffer overflow due to a missing bounds c…
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Medium 6.7
In tscpu_write_GPIO_out and mtkts_Abts_write of mtk_ts_Abts.c, there is a possible buffer overflow in an sscanf due to …
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High 8.4
GNU objdump 2.43 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow in the BFD (Binary File Descriptor) library's handling of tekhex form…
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Critical 9.8
Open Robotics Robotic Operating System 2 (ROS2) and Nav2 humble versions were discovered to contain a buffer overflow v…
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Critical 9.8
Open Robotics Robotic Operating System 2 (ROS2) and Nav2 humble versions were discovered to contain a buffer overflow v…
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High 7.8
In the MTK_FLP_MSG_HAL_DIAG_REPORT_DATA_NTF handler of flp2hal_- interface.c, there is a possible stack buffer overflow…
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High 8.8
In multiple functions of gl_proc.c, there is a buffer overwrite due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to escal…
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Medium 6.5
Netgear R6900 HTTP Header upgrade_check.cgi buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in Netgear R6900 1.0.1.26_1.0.20. It has been declared as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file upgrade_check.cgi of the component HTTP Header Handler. The manipulation of the argument Conte…
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Medium 4.9
A post-authentication buffer overflow vulnerability in the parameter "action" of the CGI program in Zyxel VMG3625-T50B …
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High 7.5
A buffer overflow vulnerability in the packet parser of the third-party library "libclinkc" in Zyxel VMG8825-T50K firmw…
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High 8.8
In handle_app_cur_val_response of dtif_rc.cc, there is a possible stack buffer overflow due to a missing bounds check. …
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High 7.8
Buffer Overflow vulnerability in radarorg radare2 v.5.8.8 allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code via the parse_di…
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Critical 9.8
Buffer Overflow vulnerability in SunBK201 umicat through v.0.3.2 and fixed in v.0.3.3 allows an attacker to execute arb…
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High 8.8
D-Link DIR-605L formSetPortTr buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in D-Link DIR-605L 2.13B01. It has been declared as critical. This vulnerability affects the function formSetPortTr of the file /goform/formSetPortTr. The manipulation of the argument curTime leads to buffer overflow. The attack can …
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High 8.8
D-Link DIR-605L formResetStatistic buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in D-Link DIR-605L 2.13B01. It has been classified as critical. This affects the function formResetStatistic of the file /goform/formResetStatistic. The manipulation of the argument curTime leads to buffer overflow. It is possible to…
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High 7.5
In pvmp3_get_main_data_size of pvmp3_get_main_data_size.cpp, there is a possible buffer overread due to a missing bound…
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Medium 4.2
Quectel EC25-EUX EC25EUXGAR08A05M1G was discovered to contain a stack overflow.
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Medium 6.3
Apache NimBLE: Buffer overflow in NimBLE MESH Bluetooth stack
Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow') vulnerability in Apache NimBLE. Specially crafted MESH message could result in memory corruption when non-default build configuration is used. This issue affects Apache NimBLE: through 1.7…
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Medium 5.5
The Imager package before 1.025 for Perl has a heap-based buffer overflow leading to denial of service, or possibly uns…
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Medium 5.1
QTS, QuTS hero
A buffer copy without checking size of input vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow remote attackers who have gained administrator access to execute code. We have already f…
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Medium 5.1
QTS, QuTS hero
A buffer copy without checking size of input vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow remote attackers who have gained administrator access to execute code. We have already f…
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Medium 5.1
QTS, QuTS hero
A buffer copy without checking size of input vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow remote attackers who have gained administrator access to execute code. We have already f…
-
Medium 5.1
QTS, QuTS hero
A buffer copy without checking size of input vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow remote attackers who have gained administrator access to execute code. We have already f…
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Medium 5.1
QTS, QuTS hero
A buffer copy without checking size of input vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow remote attackers who have gained administrator access to execute code. We have already f…
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High 7.8
TOTOLINK A810R V4.1.2cu.5182_B20201026 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow in downloadFlile.cgi.
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Medium 6.2
A heap-buffer-overflow vulnerability has been identified in ntopng 6.2 in the Flow::dissectMDNS function.
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK A810R V4.1.2cu.5182_B20201026 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow in infostat.cgi.
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Medium 6.2
A heap-buffer-overflow vulnerability was discovered in the SkipSpacesAndLineEnd function in Assimp v5.4.3. This issue o…
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High 7.5
An issue was discovered in MBed OS 6.16.0. Its hci parsing software dynamically determines the length of certain hci pa…
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High 7.5
An issue was discovered in MBed OS 6.16.0. During processing of HCI packets, the software dynamically determines the le…
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High 7.5
An issue was discovered in MBed OS 6.16.0. During processing of HCI packets, the software dynamically determines the le…
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High 7.5
An issue was discovered in MBed OS 6.16.0. Its hci parsing software dynamically determines the length of certain hci pa…
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Critical 9.8
An issue was discovered in MBed OS 6.16.0. When parsing hci reports, the hci parsing software dynamically determines th…