Weakness (CWE)
CWE-120: Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input
The product copies an input buffer to an output buffer without verifying that the size of the input buffer is less than the size of the output buffer.
How to prevent it (8 mitigations)
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Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
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Implementation
Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that your buffer is as large as you specify.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
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Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
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Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Source: MITRE CWE-120
3,303 results · Feed
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High 7.5
Draytek Vigor 3910 v4.3.2.6 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow in the sSrvAddr parameter at v2x00.cgi. This vu…
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High 7.5
Draytek Vigor 3910 v4.3.2.6 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow in the CGIbyFieldName parameter at chglog.cgi. …
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High 7.5
Draytek Vigor 3910 v4.3.2.6 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow in the ssidencrypt_5g%d parameter at v2x00.cgi.…
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High 7.5
Draytek Vigor 3910 v4.3.2.6 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow in the sCloudPass parameter at v2x00.cgi. This …
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High 7.5
Draytek Vigor 3910 v4.3.2.6 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow in the sPeerId parameter at vpn.cgi. This vulne…
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High 7.5
Draytek Vigor 3910 v4.3.2.6 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow in the sAct parameter at v2x00.cgi. This vulner…
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Critical 9.8
Buffer Overflow vulnerability in btstack mesh commit before v.864e2f2b6b7878c8fab3cf5ee84ae566e3380c58 allows a remote …
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Critical 9.8CVE-2024-46451 Public exploit
TOTOLINK AC1200 T8 v4.1.5cu.861_B20230220 has a buffer overflow vulnerability in the setWiFiAclRules function via the d…
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High 7.5
TOTOLINK AC1200 T8 v4.1.5cu.861_B20230220 has a buffer overflow vulnerability in the UploadCustomModule function, which…
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Critical 9.8
TOTOLINK AC1200 T8 v4.1.5cu.861_B20230220 has a buffer overflow vulnerability in the setWizardCfg function via the ssid…
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Medium 5.7
Tenda CH22 V1.0.0.6(468) has a stack overflow vulnerability located in the frmL7PlotForm function.
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Medium 6.5
Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input (CWE-120) in the Controller 6000 and Controller 7000 diagnostic web interfac…
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Medium 5.5
In getRegistration of RemoteProvisioningService.java, there is a possible way to permanently disable the AndroidKeyStor…
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK AC1200 T8 cstecgi.cgi setWiFiRepeaterCfg buffer overflow
A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in TOTOLINK AC1200 T8 4.1.5cu.861_B20230220. This affects the function setWiFiRepeaterCfg of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi. The manipulation of the argument password leads to buffer overflow. It is possibl…
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK AC1200 T8 cstecgi.cgi setWiFiMeshName buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK AC1200 T8 4.1.5cu.861_B20230220. It has been rated as critical. Affected by this issue is the function setWiFiMeshName of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi. The manipulation of the argument device_name leads to buffer overflo…
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK AC1200 T8/AC1200 T10 cstecgi.cgi setStaticDhcpRules buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK AC1200 T8 and AC1200 T10 4.1.5cu.861_B20230220/4.1.8cu.5207. It has been declared as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is the function setStaticDhcpRules of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi. The manipulation of the ar…
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK AC1200 T8/AC1200 T10 cstecgi.cgi setIpPortFilterRules buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK AC1200 T8 and AC1200 T10 4.1.5cu.861_B20230220/4.1.8cu.5207. It has been classified as critical. Affected is the function setIpPortFilterRules of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi. The manipulation of the argument desc leads …
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK AC1200 T8 cstecgi.cgi setWiFiScheduleCfg buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK AC1200 T8 4.1.5cu.861_B20230220 and classified as critical. This issue affects the function setWiFiScheduleCfg of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi. The manipulation of the argument desc leads to buffer overflow. The attack m…
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK AC1200 T8/AC1200 T10 cstecgi.cgi setParentalRules buffer overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in TOTOLINK AC1200 T8 and AC1200 T10 4.1.5cu.861_B20230220/4.1.8cu.5207. This affects the function setParentalRules of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi. The manipulation of the argument desc/week/sTime…
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Medium 5.3
QTS, QuTS hero
A buffer copy without checking size of input vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow authenticated users to execute code via a network. We have already fixed the vulnerabili…
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Medium 5.4
QTS, QuTS hero
A buffer copy without checking size of input vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow users to execute code via a network. We have already fixed the vulnerability in the foll…
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Medium 6.7CVE-2024-42642 Public exploit
Micron Crucial MX500 Series Solid State Drives M3CR046 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow, which can be triggered by send…
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Low 3.9
Libopensc: incorrect handling of the length of buffers or files in pkcs15init
A vulnerability was found in the pkcs15-init tool in OpenSC. An attacker could use a crafted USB Device or Smart Card, which would present the system with a specially crafted response to APDUs. When buffers are partially filled with data, initialized parts of…
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Medium 4.3
Libopensc: incorrect handling length of buffers or files in libopensc
A vulnerability was found in OpenSC, OpenSC tools, PKCS#11 module, minidriver, and CTK. An attacker could use a crafted USB Device or Smart Card, which would present the system with a specially crafted response to APDUs. When buffers are partially filled with…
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Medium 4.9
A buffer overflow vulnerability in the CGI program of Zyxel ATP series firmware versions from V4.32 through V5.38, USG …
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High 7.5
A buffer overflow vulnerability in the library "libclinkc" of the Zyxel VMG8825-T50K firmware version 5.50(ABOM.8)C0 co…
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High 7.5
YugabyteDB v2.21.1.0 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via the "insert into" parameter.
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Critical 9.8
PingCAP TiDB v8.1.0 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via the component expression.ExplainExpressionList. Thi…
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High 7.5
ClickHouse v24.3.3.102 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via the component DB::evaluateConstantExpressionImpl.
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High 7.8
Buffer Copy Without Checking Size of Input (`Classic Buffer Overflow`) in Computer Vision
Memory corruption during the handshake between the Primary Virtual Machine and Trusted Virtual Machine.
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High 7.8
Buffer Copy Without Checking Size of Input (`Classic Buffer Overflow`) in FM Host
Memory corruption when user provides data for FM HCI command control operations.
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High 7.8
Buffer Copy Without Checking Size of Input (`Classic Buffer Overflow`) in FM Host
Memory corruption when Alternative Frequency offset value is set to 255.
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High 7.0
xfpt versions prior to 1.01 fails to handle appropriately some parameters inside the input data, resulting in a stack-b…
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High 7.5CVE-2024-8198 Public exploit
Heap buffer overflow in Skia in Google Chrome prior to 128.0.6613.113 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised the…
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Critical 9.8
TOTOLINK AC1200 Wireless Router A3002RU V2.1.1-B20230720.1011 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow. The formWlEncrypt CGI h…
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High 7.3
Beckhoff: Local Denial of Service issue in package MDP included in TwinCAT/BSD
The MPD package included in TwinCAT/BSD allows an authenticated, low-privileged local attacker to induce a Denial-of-Service (DoS) condition on the daemon and execute code in the context of user “root” via a crafted HTTP request.
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Critical 9.8
Tenda AX1806 v1.0.0.1 contains a stack overflow via the iptv.city.vlan parameter in the function setIptvInfo.
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Critical 9.8
A stack overflow in FAST FW300R v1.3.13 Build 141023 Rel.61347n allows attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a D…
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Critical 9.8
An issue was discovered in Fort before 1.6.3. A malicious RPKI repository that descends from a (trusted) Trust Anchor c…
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High 8.1
Buffer Overflow vulnerability in the net/bootp.c in DENEX U-Boot from its initial commit in 2002 (3861aa5) up to today …