Weakness (CWE)
CWE-120: Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input
The product copies an input buffer to an output buffer without verifying that the size of the input buffer is less than the size of the output buffer.
How to prevent it (8 mitigations)
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Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
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Implementation
Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that your buffer is as large as you specify.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
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Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
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Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Source: MITRE CWE-120
3,303 results · Feed
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK AC1200 T8 exportOvpn buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK AC1200 T8 4.1.5cu.862_B20230228. It has been rated as critical. This issue affects the function exportOvpn. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack may be initiated remotely. NOTE: The vendor was contacted e…
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK AC1200 T8 setTracerouteCfg buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK AC1200 T8 4.1.5cu.862_B20230228. It has been declared as critical. This vulnerability affects the function setTracerouteCfg. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack can be initiated remotely. NOTE: The vendo…
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK AC1200 T8 setDiagnosisCfg buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK AC1200 T8 4.1.5cu.862_B20230228 and classified as critical. Affected by this issue is the function setDiagnosisCfg. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. NOTE: The vendor was cont…
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High 7.5
CWE-120: Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow') vulnerability exists that could cause a…
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Critical 9.8
In TRENDnet TEW-752DRU FW1.03B01, there is a buffer overflow vulnerability due to the lack of length verification for t…
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Critical 9.8CVE-2024-42812 EPSS 16%
In D-Link DIR-860L v2.03, there is a buffer overflow vulnerability due to the lack of length verification for the SID f…
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High 8.8
D-Link DNS-1550-04 photocenter_mgr.cgi cgi_create_album buffer overflow
** UNSUPPORTED WHEN ASSIGNED ** A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in D-Link DNS-120, DNR-202L, DNS-315L, DNS-320, DNS-320L, DNS-320LW, DNS-321, DNR-322L, DNS-323, DNS-325, DNS-326, DNS-327L, DNR-326, DNS-340L, DNS-343, DNS-345, DNS-…
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High 7.5
In sdpu_compare_uuid_with_attr of sdp_utils.cc, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a heap buffer overflow. T…
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High 8.8
D-Link DNS-1550-04 photocenter_mgr.cgi cgi_get_fullscreen_photos buffer overflow
** UNSUPPORTED WHEN ASSIGNED ** A vulnerability was found in D-Link DNS-120, DNR-202L, DNS-315L, DNS-320, DNS-320L, DNS-320LW, DNS-321, DNR-322L, DNS-323, DNS-325, DNS-326, DNS-327L, DNR-326, DNS-340L, DNS-343, DNS-345, DNS-726-4, DNS-1100-4, DNS-1200-05 and …
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High 8.8
D-Link DNS-1550-04 photocenter_mgr.cgi cgi_get_cooliris buffer overflow
** UNSUPPORTED WHEN ASSIGNED ** A vulnerability has been found in D-Link DNS-120, DNR-202L, DNS-315L, DNS-320, DNS-320L, DNS-320LW, DNS-321, DNR-322L, DNS-323, DNS-325, DNS-326, DNS-327L, DNR-326, DNS-340L, DNS-343, DNS-345, DNS-726-4, DNS-1100-4, DNS-1200-05…
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High 8.8
D-Link DNS-1550-04 photocenter_mgr.cgi cgi_move_photo buffer overflow
** UNSUPPORTED WHEN ASSIGNED ** A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in D-Link DNS-120, DNR-202L, DNS-315L, DNS-320, DNS-320L, DNS-320LW, DNS-321, DNR-322L, DNS-323, DNS-325, DNS-326, DNS-327L, DNR-326, DNS-340L, DNS-343, DNS-345, DNS-…
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High 8.8
D-Link DNS-1550-04 photocenter_mgr.cgi cgi_del_photo buffer overflow
** UNSUPPORTED WHEN ASSIGNED ** A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in D-Link DNS-120, DNR-202L, DNS-315L, DNS-320, DNS-320L, DNS-320LW, DNS-321, DNR-322L, DNS-323, DNS-325, DNS-326, DNS-327L, DNR-326, DNS-340L, DNS-343, DNS-345,…
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High 8.8CVE-2024-7828 EPSS 16%
D-Link DNS-1550-04 photocenter_mgr.cgi cgi_set_cover buffer overflow
** UNSUPPORTED WHEN ASSIGNED ** A vulnerability classified as critical was found in D-Link DNS-120, DNR-202L, DNS-315L, DNS-320, DNS-320L, DNS-320LW, DNS-321, DNR-322L, DNS-323, DNS-325, DNS-326, DNS-327L, DNR-326, DNS-340L, DNS-343, DNS-345, DNS-726-4, DNS-1…
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High 7.3
Insufficient checking of memory buffer in AMD Secure Processor (ASP) Secure OS may allow an attacker with a malicious t…
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Medium 5.2
Lack of stack protection exploit mechanisms in ASP Secure OS Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) may allow a privileged…
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK A3700R v9.1.2u.5822_B20200513 has a buffer overflow vulnerability in the http_host parameter in the loginauth …
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Critical 9.8
TOTOLINK A3100R V4.1.2cu.5050_B20200504 has a buffer overflow vulnerability in the password parameter in the loginauth …
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Critical 9.8
TOTOLINK A3700R v9.1.2u.5822_B20200513 has a buffer overflow vulnerability in the ssid parameter in setWizardCfg functi…
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Critical 9.8
TOTOLINK A3100R V4.1.2cu.5050_B20200504 has a buffer overflow vulnerability in the http_host parameter in the loginauth…
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Critical 9.8
TOTOLINK A3002R v4.0.0-B20230531.1404 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability in /bin/boa via formParentControl.
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High 8.8
Tenda FH1206 GstDhcpSetSer fromGstDhcpSetSer buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in Tenda FH1206 1.2.0.8(8155) and classified as critical. This issue affects the function fromGstDhcpSetSer of the file /goform/GstDhcpSetSer. The manipulation of the argument dips leads to buffer overflow. The attack may be initiate…
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Critical 9.5
Remote Code Execution in Advanced Software Framework DHCP server
Improper Input Validation vulnerability in Microchip Techology Advanced Software Framework example DHCP server can cause remote code execution through a buffer overflow. This vulnerability is associated with program files tinydhcpserver.C and program routines…
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High 8.8
Tenda i22 apPortalAuth formApPortalWebAuth buffer overflow
A vulnerability has been found in Tenda i22 1.0.0.3(4687) and classified as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is the function formApPortalWebAuth of the file /goform/apPortalAuth. The manipulation of the argument webUserName/webUserPassword leads to bu…
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High 7.5
Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business SPA300 Series IP Phones and Cisc…
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Critical 9.8
Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business SPA300 Series IP Phones and Cisc…
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Critical 9.8
Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business SPA300 Series IP Phones and Cisc…
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High 8.8
Tenda i22 apPortalPhoneAuth formApPortalPhoneAuth buffer overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in Tenda i22 1.0.0.3(4687). Affected is the function formApPortalPhoneAuth of the file /goform/apPortalPhoneAuth. The manipulation of the argument data leads to buffer overflow. It is possible to la…
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High 8.8
Tenda i22 apPortalOneKeyAuth formApPortalOneKeyAuth buffer overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in Tenda i22 1.0.0.3(4687). This issue affects the function formApPortalOneKeyAuth of the file /goform/apPortalOneKeyAuth. The manipulation of the argument data leads to buffer overflow. The at…
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High 8.8
Tenda i22 apPortalAccessCodeAuth formApPortalAccessCodeAuth buffer overflow
A vulnerability classified as critical was found in Tenda i22 1.0.0.3(4687). This vulnerability affects the function formApPortalAccessCodeAuth of the file /goform/apPortalAccessCodeAuth. The manipulation of the argument accessCode/data/acceInfo leads to buff…
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High 8.8
Heap buffer overflow in Layout in Google Chrome prior to 127.0.6533.99 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit…
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK CP450 cstecgi.cgi loginauth buffer overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in TOTOLINK CP450 4.1.0cu.747_B20191224. Affected is the function loginauth of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi. The manipulation of the argument http_host leads to buffer overflow. It is possible to l…
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High 8.8CVE-2024-7463 EPSS 11%
TOTOLINK CP900 cstecgi.cgi UploadCustomModule buffer overflow
A vulnerability classified as critical was found in TOTOLINK CP900 6.3c.566. This vulnerability affects the function UploadCustomModule of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi. The manipulation of the argument File leads to buffer overflow. The attack can be initiat…
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK N350RT cstecgi.cgi setWizardCfg buffer overflow
A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in TOTOLINK N350RT 9.3.5u.6139_B20201216. This affects the function setWizardCfg of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi. The manipulation of the argument ssid leads to buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate…
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK EX1200L cstecgi.cgi setParentalRules buffer overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in TOTOLINK EX1200L 9.3.5u.6146_B20201023. This affects the function setParentalRules of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi. The manipulation of the argument week/sTime/eTime leads to buffer overflow. It…
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK EX1200L cstecgi.cgi loginauth buffer overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in TOTOLINK EX1200L 9.3.5u.6146_B20201023. Affected by this issue is the function loginauth of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi. The manipulation of the argument http_host leads to buffer overflow…
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK EX200 cstecgi.cgi loginauth buffer overflow
A vulnerability classified as critical was found in TOTOLINK EX200 4.0.3c.7646_B20201211. Affected by this vulnerability is the function loginauth of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi. The manipulation of the argument http_host leads to buffer overflow. The attac…
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK EX200 getSaveConfig buffer overflow
A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in TOTOLINK EX200 4.0.3c.7646_B20201211. Affected is the function getSaveConfig of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi?action=save&setting. The manipulation of the argument http_host leads to buffer overflow. It…
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK EX1200L cstecgi.cgi UploadCustomModule buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK EX1200L 9.3.5u.6146_B20201023. It has been rated as critical. This issue affects the function UploadCustomModule of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack may be initiated rem…
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK N350RT cstecgi.cgi setParentalRules buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK N350RT 9.3.5u.6139_B20201216. It has been declared as critical. This vulnerability affects the function setParentalRules of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi. The manipulation of the argument week/sTime/eTime leads to buffer …
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK A3300R cstecgi.cgi UploadCustomModule buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK A3300R 17.0.0cu.557_B20221024 and classified as critical. Affected by this issue is the function UploadCustomModule of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi. The manipulation of the argument File leads to buffer overflow. The att…