Weakness (CWE)
CWE-122: Heap-based Buffer Overflow
The product writes past the end of a buffer that was allocated on the heap.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
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Pre-design: Use a language or compiler that performs automatic bounds checking.
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Architecture and Design
Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
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Implementation
Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
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Implementation
Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Look for their safe equivalent, which checks for the boundary.
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Operation
Use OS-level preventative functionality. This is not a complete solution, but it provides some defense in depth.
Source: MITRE CWE-122
4,089 results · Feed
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High 8.2
jq: Integer overflow in jvp_string_append() allows Heap-based Buffer Overflow
jq is a command-line JSON processor. An integer overflow vulnerability exists through version 1.8.1 within the jvp_string_append() and jvp_string_copy_replace_bad functions, where concatenating strings with a combined length exceeding 2^31 bytes causes a 32-b…
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Critical 10.0
Out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the WEB module.Impact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability will affect a…
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High 7.4
Heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability in Samsung Open Source Escargot allows out-of-bounds write.This issue affects …
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High 7.5
A heap buffer overflow in the av_bprint_finalize() function of FFmpeg v8.0.1 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Serv…
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High 7.8
GIMP PSP File Parsing Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
GIMP PSP File Parsing Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of GIMP. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that th…
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High 7.8
GIMP JP2 File Parsing Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
GIMP JP2 File Parsing Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of GIMP. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that th…
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Medium 5.5
HDF5 H5T__ref_mem_setnull Heap Buffer Overflow
HDF5 is software for managing data. In 1.14.1-2 and earlier, an attacker who can control an h5 file parsed by HDF5 can trigger a write-based heap buffer overflow condition in the H5T__ref_mem_setnull method. This can lead to a denial-of-service condition, and…
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Low 2.3
1-2 Byte Buffer Overflow in wolfSSL_X509_notAfter/notBefore
X.509 date buffer overflow in wolfSSL_X509_notAfter / wolfSSL_X509_notBefore. A buffer overflow may occur when parsing date fields from a crafted X.509 certificate via the compatibility layer API. This is only triggered when calling these two APIs directly fr…
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High 8.3
DTLS 1.3 ACK heap buffer overflow
Heap buffer overflow in DTLS 1.3 ACK message processing. A remote attacker can send a crafted DTLS 1.3 ACK message that triggers a heap buffer overflow.
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Medium 6.3
Heap buffer overflow in CertFromX509() via AuthorityKeyIdentifier
Heap buffer overflow in CertFromX509 via AuthorityKeyIdentifier size confusion. A heap buffer overflow occurs when converting an X.509 certificate internally due to incorrect size handling of the AuthorityKeyIdentifier extension.
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Low 2.3
Heap Out-of-Bounds Write in DecodeObjectId() in wolfSSL
Two potential heap out-of-bounds write locations existed in DecodeObjectId() in wolfcrypt/src/asn.c. First, a bounds check only validates one available slot before writing two OID arc values (out[0] and out[1]), enabling a 2-byte out-of-bounds write when outS…
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Medium 4.3
Heap buffer overflow in WebML in Google Chrome prior to 147.0.7727.55 allowed a remote attacker to obtain potentially s…
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Medium 4.3
Heap buffer overflow in WebML in Google Chrome prior to 147.0.7727.55 allowed a remote attacker to obtain potentially s…
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High 8.8
Heap buffer overflow in ANGLE in Google Chrome on Mac prior to 147.0.7727.55 allowed a remote attacker to execute arbit…
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Medium 4.3
Heap buffer overflow in WebAudio in Google Chrome prior to 147.0.7727.55 allowed a remote attacker to obtain potentiall…
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High 8.8
Heap buffer overflow in WebML in Google Chrome prior to 147.0.7727.55 allowed a remote attacker to execute arbitrary co…
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Medium 6.1
SymCrypt SymCryptXmssSign function - Heap overflow via 64->32-bit leaf-count truncation
SymCrypt is the core cryptographic function library currently used by Windows. From 103.5.0 to before 103.11.0, The SymCryptXmssSign function passes a 64-bit leaf count value to a helper function that accepts a 32-bit parameter. For XMSS^MT parameter sets wit…
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High 7.8
Heap-Based Buffer Overflow in Power Management IC
Memory Corruption when sending IOCTL requests with invalid buffer sizes during memcpy operations.
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Medium 5.3
OpenPrinting CUPS: Heap overflow in `get_options()`
OpenPrinting CUPS is an open source printing system for Linux and other Unix-like operating systems. In versions 2.4.16 and prior, there is a heap-based buffer overflow in the CUPS scheduler when building filter option strings from job attribute. At time of p…
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Medium 6.3
NASA cFS CCSDS Packet Header to_lab_passthru_encode.c CFE_MSG_GetSize heap-based overflow
A vulnerability was found in NASA cFS up to 7.0.0. This affects the function CFE_MSG_GetSize of the file apps/to_lab/fsw/src/to_lab_passthru_encode.c of the component CCSDS Packet Header Handler. Performing a manipulation results in heap-based buffer overflow…
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Critical 9.8CVE-2026-31402 Public exploit
nfsd: fix heap overflow in NFSv4.0 LOCK replay cache
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nfsd: fix heap overflow in NFSv4.0 LOCK replay cache The NFSv4.0 replay cache uses a fixed 112-byte inline buffer (rp_ibuf[NFSD4_REPLAY_ISIZE]) to store encoded operation responses. This size…
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Low 1.7
XZ Utils: Buffer overflow in lzma_index_append()
XZ Utils provide a general-purpose data-compression library plus command-line tools. Prior to version 5.8.3, if lzma_index_decoder() was used to decode an Index that contained no Records, the resulting lzma_index was left in a state where where a subsequent l…
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High 7.1
Heap-based Buffer Overflow Vulnerability Leading to Denial-of-Service in TP-Link Tapo C520WS
A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability was identified in TP-Link Tapo C520WS v2.6 within the asynchronous parsing of local video stream content due to insufficient alignment and validation of buffer boundaries when processing streaming inputs.An attacker …
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High 7.1
Heap-based Buffer Overflow Vulnerability Leading to Denial-of-Service in TP-Link Tapo C520WS
A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability was identified in TP-Link Tapo C520WS v2.6 within the HTTP parsing loop when appending segmented request bodies without continuous write‑boundary verification, due to insufficient boundary validation when handling ex…
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High 7.1
Heap-based Buffer Overflow Vulnerability Leading to Denial-of-Service in multiple TP-Link Tapo Cameras
A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability was identified in multiple TP-Link Tapo cameras in the HTTP POST body parsing logic due to missing validation of remaining buffer capacity after dynamic allocation, due to insufficient boundary validation when handli…
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High 7.3
Cesanta Mongoose TLS 1.3 mongoose.c mg_tls_recv_cert heap-based overflow
A vulnerability has been found in Cesanta Mongoose up to 7.20. This affects the function mg_tls_recv_cert of the file mongoose.c of the component TLS 1.3 Handler. Such manipulation of the argument pubkey leads to heap-based buffer overflow. The attack may be …
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High 8.4
OpenEXR: integer overflow lead to OOB in HTJ2K decoder
OpenEXR provides the specification and reference implementation of the EXR file format, an image storage format for the motion picture industry. From version 3.4.0 to before version 3.4.7, an attacker providing a crafted .exr file with HTJ2K compression and a…
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High 8.8
Heap buffer overflow in GPU in Google Chrome prior to 146.0.7680.178 allowed a remote attacker to execute arbitrary cod…
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High 8.8
Heap buffer overflow in ANGLE in Google Chrome on Mac prior to 146.0.7680.178 allowed a remote attacker to execute arbi…
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Medium 5.3
Axiomatic Bento4 DSI v1 Ap4Dac4Atom.cpp SkipBits heap-based overflow
A vulnerability was identified in Axiomatic Bento4 up to 1.6.0-641. Affected is the function AP4_BitReader::SkipBits of the file Ap4Dac4Atom.cpp of the component DSI v1 Parser. Such manipulation of the argument n_presentations leads to heap-based buffer overf…
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Medium 5.3
Axiomatic Bento4 MP4 File Ap4Dac4Atom.cpp ReadCache heap-based overflow
A vulnerability was determined in Axiomatic Bento4 up to 1.6.0-641. This impacts the function AP4_BitReader::ReadCache of the file Ap4Dac4Atom.cpp of the component MP4 File Parser. This manipulation causes heap-based buffer overflow. The attack needs to be la…
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Medium 6.2
iccDEV: HBO in icMemDump()
iccDEV provides a set of libraries and tools for working with ICC color management profiles. Prior to version 2.3.1.6, a crafted ICC profile can trigger a heap-buffer-overflow (HBO) in icMemDump() when iccDumpProfile attempts to dump/describe malformed tag co…
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Medium 6.2
iccDEV: HBO in CTiffImg::WriteLine()
iccDEV provides a set of libraries and tools for working with ICC color management profiles. Prior to version 2.3.1.6, a crafted ICC profile and TIFF input can trigger a heap-buffer-overflow (HBO) in CTiffImg::WriteLine(). The issue is observable under Addres…
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Medium 6.2
iccDEV: SEGV in CIccTagArray::Cleanup()
iccDEV provides a set of libraries and tools for working with ICC color management profiles. Prior to version 2.3.1.6, a crafted ICC profile can trigger a segmentation fault (SEGV) in CIccTagArray::Cleanup(). The issue is observable under UBSan/ASan as misali…
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Medium 6.2
iccDEV: HBO in CIccMpeSpectralMatrix::Describe()
iccDEV provides a set of libraries and tools for working with ICC color management profiles. Prior to version 2.3.1.6, a crafted ICC profile can trigger a heap-buffer-overflow (HBO) in CIccMpeSpectralMatrix::Describe(). The issue is observable under AddressSa…
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High 7.5CVE-2026-5201 Public exploit
Gdk-pixbuf: gdk-pixbuf: denial of service via heap-based buffer overflow when processing a specially crafted jpeg image
A flaw was found in the gdk-pixbuf library. This heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability occurs in the JPEG image loader due to improper validation of color component counts when processing a specially crafted JPEG image. A remote attacker can exploit this f…
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Medium 5.3
Nothings stb_image Multi-frame GIF File stb_image.h stbi__gif_load_next heap-based overflow
A security flaw has been discovered in Nothings stb_image up to 2.30. This affects the function stbi__gif_load_next of the file stb_image.h of the component Multi-frame GIF File Handler. The manipulation results in heap-based buffer overflow. The attack requi…
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High 7.1
FreeRDP: Persistent Cache bmpSize Desync - Heap OOB Write
FreeRDP is a free implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol. Prior to version 3.24.2, in persistent_cache_read_entry_v3() in libfreerdp/cache/persistent.c, persistent->bmpSize is updated before winpr_aligned_recalloc(). If realloc fails, bmpSize is inflat…
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High 7.5
FreeRDP: H.264 YUV Buffer Dimension Desync - Heap OOB Write
FreeRDP is a free implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol. Prior to version 3.24.2, in yuv_ensure_buffer() in libfreerdp/codec/h264.c, h264->width and h264->height are updated before the reallocation loop. If any winpr_aligned_recalloc() call fails, the…
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High 7.5
FreeRDP: ClearCodec resize_vbar_entry() Heap OOB Write
FreeRDP is a free implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol. Prior to version 3.24.2, in resize_vbar_entry() in libfreerdp/codec/clear.c, vBarEntry->size is updated to vBarEntry->count before the winpr_aligned_recalloc() call. If realloc fails, size is in…