Weakness (CWE)
CWE-125: Out-of-bounds Read
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
How to prevent it (2 mitigations)
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
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Architecture and Design
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
Source: MITRE CWE-125
2,118 results · Clear filters · Feed
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High 8.2
smb: client: harden POSIX SID length parsing
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: smb: client: harden POSIX SID length parsing posix_info_sid_size() reads sid[1] to obtain the subauthority count, but its existing boundary check still accepts buffers with only one remaining…
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High 7.8
udf: validate free block extents against the partition length
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: udf: validate free block extents against the partition length udf_free_blocks() checks the logical block number and count against the partition length, but drops the extent offset from that f…
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High 7.1
udf: validate VAT header length against the VAT inode size
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: udf: validate VAT header length against the VAT inode size udf_load_vat() takes the virtual partition's start offset straight from the on-disk VAT 2.0 header without checking it against the V…
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High 7.1
isofs: bound Rock Ridge symlink components to the SL record
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: isofs: bound Rock Ridge symlink components to the SL record get_symlink_chunk() and the SL handling in parse_rock_ridge_inode_internal() walk the variable-length components of a Rock Ridge "S…
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High 7.1
tracing: Prevent out-of-bounds read in glob matching
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tracing: Prevent out-of-bounds read in glob matching String event fields are not necessarily NUL-terminated, so the filter predicate functions (filter_pred_string(), filter_pred_strloc() and …
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High 8.2
KVM: arm64: Bound used_lrs when flushing the pKVM hyp vCPU
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: KVM: arm64: Bound used_lrs when flushing the pKVM hyp vCPU flush_hyp_vcpu() copies the host vGIC state into the hyp's private vCPU on every run. The vGIC list register save and restore use us…
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High 7.5
libssh2 Heap Out-of-Bounds Read via publickey subsystem
libssh2 through 1.11.1, fixed in commit a13bb6c, contains a missing bounds check vulnerability that allows a malicious SSH server to trigger an arbitrary-length heap out-of-bounds read and a free of an uninitialized pointer via the publickey subsystem. In lib…
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High 7.5
libssh2 Integer Underflow DoS via AES-GCM Cipher Negotiation
libssh2 through 1.11.1, fixed in commit a2ed82d, contains a pre-authentication integer underflow vulnerability in the ssh2_cipher_crypt() function in src/openssl.c that allows a malicious SSH server to crash any connecting client by negotiating AES-GCM cipher…
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High 8.8
wifi: iwlwifi: mld: validate sta_mask before ffs() in BA session handlers
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: iwlwifi: mld: validate sta_mask before ffs() in BA session handlers Three BA session handlers use ffs(ba_data->sta_mask) - 1 to derive a station ID without checking that sta_mask is non…
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High 8.4
KVM: x86: hyper-v: Bound the bank index when querying sparse banks
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: KVM: x86: hyper-v: Bound the bank index when querying sparse banks When checking if a VP ID is included in a sparse bank set, explicitly check that the ID can actually be contained in a spars…
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High 7.1
ASoC: codecs: simple-mux: Fix enum control bounds check
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ASoC: codecs: simple-mux: Fix enum control bounds check simple_mux_control_put() rejects values greater than e->items, but enum control values are zero based. For the two-entry mux used by th…
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High 8.1
wifi: mac80211: consume only present negotiated TTLM maps
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: mac80211: consume only present negotiated TTLM maps ieee80211_tid_to_link_map_size_ok() validates negotiated TTLM elements against the number of link-map entries indicated by link_map_p…
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High 8.7
Loytec LINX firmware: Out-of-bounds Read in BACnet packet parsing (bacdt_datetime_to_tod)
Out-of-bounds Read (CWE-125) in BACnet packet parsing (`bacdt_datetime_to_tod`) in Loytec LIP-ME201C, L-INX, L-GATE, L-ROC, L-IOB, L-DALI, L-VIS and L-PAD through 8.4.18 on LINX-A64 allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to crash `linx_a64.exe` and ultimat…
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High 8.2
Out-of-bounds Read in MZ Automation lib60870
The affected product is vulnerable to an Out-of-bounds read, which may allow an attacker to crash the parsing process and cause a denial of service.
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High 7.1
PyTorch torchvision GIF Decoder Out-of-bounds Heap Read
PyTorch torchvision through 0.28.0, fixed in commit 4e05dc2, contains an out-of-bounds heap read vulnerability in the GIF decoder's read_from_tensor callback that passes unclamped length to memcpy. Attackers can supply malicious or truncated GIF files to caus…
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High 7.7
NIOSSLCertificate._subjectAlternativeNames provides access to the raw bytes for a cert's SANs. NIOSSL provides access t…
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High 7.1
Out-of-Bounds Heap Read in BSON CodeWScope Element Parsing via Malformed BSONColumn Data
A missing bounds check in the BSON CodeWScope element accessors allows an attacker to trigger an out-of-bounds heap read via a crafted aggregation pipeline. The vulnerability can be exploited by an authenticated user by generating a malformed BSONColumn data …
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High 7.1
FFmpeg 0.7.1 - 8.1.2 Out-of-Bounds Read via S/PDIF Muxer spdifenc.c
FFmpeg versions 0.7.1 through 8.1.2 contain an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the S/PDIF muxer that allows attackers to access memory beyond buffer boundaries by supplying a crafted DTS stream with a core_size value larger than the actual packet length. …
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High 7.1
libheif: heap OOB read in ImageItem_Grid::decode_grid_tile via irot-induced tile-coordinate underflow
libheif is a HEIF and AVIF file format decoder and encoder. Versions 1.19.0 through 1.21.2 have a heap OOB read in ImageItem_Grid::decode_grid_tile via irot-induced tile-coordinate underflow. Version 1.22.0 fixes the issue.
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High 7.6
Out-of-bounds access in Zephyr BR/EDR L2CAP configuration request handling via `uint16_t` length underflow
The Classic (BR/EDR) L2CAP signaling handlers l2cap_br_conf_req() and l2cap_br_conf_rsp() in subsys/bluetooth/host/classic/l2cap_br.c validated the minimum command size against buf->len (the bytes remaining in the whole received PDU) instead of len (the per-c…
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High 7.5
Parsing an invalid SVCB or HTTPS RR can panic in golang.org/x/net/dns/dnsmessage
Parsing an invalid SVCB or HTTPS RR can panic when the size of a parameter value overflows the message buffer.
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High 7.8
Data::SpatialHash::Shared versions before 0.02 for Perl allow out-of-bounds reads and writes via unvalidated bucket, link and free-list indices in sph_walk_cell and sph_alloc_slot
Data::SpatialHash::Shared versions before 0.02 for Perl allow out-of-bounds reads and writes via unvalidated bucket, link and free-list indices in sph_walk_cell and sph_alloc_slot. The attach-time validator sph_validate_header checks the header scalars and re…
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High 8.8
Out of bounds read and write in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.128 allowed a remote attacker to execute arbitr…
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High 7.8
ALSA: asihpi: Fix potential OOB array access at reading cache
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ALSA: asihpi: Fix potential OOB array access at reading cache find_control() to retrieve a cached info accesses the array with the given index blindly, which may lead to an OOB array access. …
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High 7.3
Bluetooth: MGMT: validate Add Extended Advertising Data length
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: MGMT: validate Add Extended Advertising Data length MGMT_OP_ADD_EXT_ADV_DATA is registered as a variable-length command, with MGMT_ADD_EXT_ADV_DATA_SIZE as the fixed header size. T…
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High 7.8
drm/amd/display: Validate GPIO pin LUT table size before iterating
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/amd/display: Validate GPIO pin LUT table size before iterating [Why&How] The GPIO pin table parsers in get_gpio_i2c_info() and bios_parser_get_gpio_pin_info() derive an element count from…
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High 7.8
block: don't overwrite bip_vcnt in bio_integrity_copy_user()
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: block: don't overwrite bip_vcnt in bio_integrity_copy_user() bio_integrity_add_page() already sets bip_vcnt to 1 for the bounce segment. Overwriting it with nr_vecs breaks bip_vcnt <= bip_max…
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High 7.8
cgroup/rstat: validate cpu before css_rstat_cpu() access
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: cgroup/rstat: validate cpu before css_rstat_cpu() access css_rstat_updated() is exposed as a BPF kfunc and accepts a caller-provided cpu argument. The function uses cpu for per-cpu rstat look…
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High 8.8
wifi: mac80211: bounds-check link_id in ieee80211_ml_epcs
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: mac80211: bounds-check link_id in ieee80211_ml_epcs IEEE80211_MLE_STA_EPCS_CONTROL_LINK_ID is 0x000f, so link_id extracted from a PRIO_ACCESS ML element PER_STA_PROFILE subelement can b…
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High 7.8
ethtool: eeprom: add more safeties to EEPROM Netlink fallback
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ethtool: eeprom: add more safeties to EEPROM Netlink fallback The Netlink fallback path for reading module EEPROM (fallback_set_params()) validates that offset < eeprom_len, but does not chec…
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High 8.8
Bluetooth: HIDP: fix missing length checks in hidp_input_report()
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: HIDP: fix missing length checks in hidp_input_report() hidp_input_report() reads keyboard and mouse payload data from an skb without first verifying that skb->len contains enough d…
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High 7.1
ipv6: validate extension header length before copying to cmsg
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ipv6: validate extension header length before copying to cmsg ip6_datagram_recv_specific_ctl() builds IPV6_{HOPOPTS,DSTOPTS,RTHDR} cmsgs (and their IPV6_2292* legacy counterparts) by trusting…
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High 8.8
ocfs2: reject oversized group bitmap descriptors
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ocfs2: reject oversized group bitmap descriptors ocfs2_validate_gd_parent() only bounds bg_bits against the parent allocator's chain geometry. A malicious descriptor can still claim a bg_size…
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High 7.1
fbdev: fbcon: fix out-of-bounds read in err_out of fbcon_do_set_font()
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: fbdev: fbcon: fix out-of-bounds read in err_out of fbcon_do_set_font() When fbcon_do_set_font() fails (e.g., due to a memory allocation failure inside vc_resize() under heavy memory pressure)…
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High 8.8
drm/amdgpu/vce: Prevent partial address patches
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/amdgpu/vce: Prevent partial address patches In the case that only one of lo/hi is valid, the patching could result in a bad address written to in FW.
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High 7.7
YAML::Syck versions before 1.47 for Perl allow an out-of-bounds read via an unbounded newline scan in newline_len
YAML::Syck versions before 1.47 for Perl allow an out-of-bounds read via an unbounded newline scan in newline_len. In the bundled libsyck newline_len and is_newline dereference the scan pointer, and the following byte for a "\r\n" pair, with no NUL-terminator…
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High 7.5
TDengine: Unauthenticated Remote Denial of Service via Out-of-Bounds Read in transDecompressMsg
TDengine is a time-series database optimized for Internet of Things devices. Prior to 3.4.1.15, source/libs/transport/src/transComm.c transDecompressMsg() read STransCompMsg.contLen when pHead->comp == 1 without first validating that the RPC packet contained …
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High 8.3
Out-of-bounds write in ADIN2111/ADIN1110 OA SPI Ethernet RX frame reassembly
The Zephyr ADIN2111/ADIN1110 10BASE-T1S/T1L Ethernet driver (drivers/ethernet/eth_adin2111.c) reassembles received Ethernet frames in OPEN Alliance (OA) SPI mode by copying device-supplied 64-byte data chunks into a fixed static buffer ctx->buf of size CONFIG…
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High 8.6
Pre-auth heap out-of-bounds read in the AMF NAS 5GS mobile-identity handler
In Open5GS through version 2.7.7 a pre-authentication heap out-of-bounds read in the AMF NAS 5GS mobile-identity handler may result in subscriber-wide denial of service.
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High 7.1
Windows Active Directory Federation Services (ADFS) Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Out-of-bounds read in Active Directory Federation Services (AD FS) allows an authorized attacker to disclose information over a network.