Weakness (CWE)
CWE-125: Out-of-bounds Read
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
How to prevent it (2 mitigations)
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
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Architecture and Design
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
Source: MITRE CWE-125
2,118 results · Clear filters · Feed
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High 8.8
Out of bounds read and write in Angle in Google Chrome prior to 147.0.7727.138 allowed a remote attacker to potentially…
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High 7.5
Information disclosure due to incorrect boundary conditions in the Audio/Video component
Information disclosure due to incorrect boundary conditions in the Audio/Video component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 150.0.1, Firefox ESR 140.10.1, Firefox ESR 115.35.1, Thunderbird 150.0.1, and Thunderbird 140.10.1.
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High 8.2
Apache Thrift: Swift Range crash in skip()
Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability in Apache Thrift. This issue affects Apache Thrift: before 0.23.0. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 0.23.0, which fixes the issue.
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High 7.1
netfilter: ip6t_rt: reject oversized addrnr in rt_mt6_check()
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: ip6t_rt: reject oversized addrnr in rt_mt6_check() Reject rt match rules whose addrnr exceeds IP6T_RT_HOPS. rt_mt6() expects addrnr to stay within the bounds of rtinfo->addrs[]. Va…
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High 8.7
BACnet Stack: Out-of-Bounds Read in ReadPropertyMultiple Property Decoder via Deprecated Tag Parser
BACnet Stack is a BACnet open source protocol stack C library for embedded systems. Prior to 1.4.3, an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in bacnet-stack's ReadPropertyMultiple service property decoder allows unauthenticated remote attackers to read past alloca…
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High 8.7
BACnet Stack: Off-by-One Out-of-Bounds Read in ReadPropertyMultiple Object ID Decoder
BACnet Stack is a BACnet open source protocol stack C library for embedded systems. Prior to 1.4.3, an off-by-one out-of-bounds read vulnerability in bacnet-stack's ReadPropertyMultiple service decoder allows unauthenticated remote attackers to read one byte …
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High 8.7
BACnet Stack: Out-of-Bounds Read in WritePropertyMultiple Decoder via Deprecated Tag Parser
BACnet Stack is a BACnet open source protocol stack C library for embedded systems. Prior to 1.4.3, an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in bacnet-stack's WritePropertyMultiple service decoder allows unauthenticated remote attackers to read past allocated buff…
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High 8.2
rxrpc: Fix buffer overread in rxgk_do_verify_authenticator()
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: rxrpc: Fix buffer overread in rxgk_do_verify_authenticator() Fix rxgk_do_verify_authenticator() to check the buffer size before checking the nonce.
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High 8.1
smb: client: fix OOB reads parsing symlink error response
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: smb: client: fix OOB reads parsing symlink error response When a CREATE returns STATUS_STOPPED_ON_SYMLINK, smb2_check_message() returns success without any length validation, leaving the syml…
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High 8.7CVE-2026-33317 Public exploit
OP-TEE: PKCS#11 TA out-of-bounds read and memory disclosure
OP-TEE is a Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) designed as companion to a non-secure Linux kernel running on Arm; Cortex-A cores using the TrustZone technology. In versions 3.13.0 through 4.10.0, missing checks in `entry_get_attribute_value()` in `ta/pkcs11/…
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High 7.8
Xorg: xwayland: x.org x server: information exposure and denial of service via out-of-bounds memory access
A flaw was found in the X.Org X server's XKB key types request validation. A local attacker could send a specially crafted request to the X server, leading to an out-of-bounds memory access vulnerability. This could result in the disclosure of sensitive infor…
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High 8.1
Bluetooth: L2CAP: Fix stack-out-of-bounds read in l2cap_ecred_conn_req
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: L2CAP: Fix stack-out-of-bounds read in l2cap_ecred_conn_req Syzbot reported a KASAN stack-out-of-bounds read in l2cap_build_cmd() that is triggered by a malformed Enhanced Credit B…
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High 7.1
virt: tdx-guest: Fix handling of host controlled 'quote' buffer length
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: virt: tdx-guest: Fix handling of host controlled 'quote' buffer length Validate host controlled value `quote_buf->out_len` that determines how many bytes of the quote are copied out to guest …
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High 8.1
scsi: ibmvfc: Fix OOB access in ibmvfc_discover_targets_done()
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: scsi: ibmvfc: Fix OOB access in ibmvfc_discover_targets_done() A malicious or compromised VIO server can return a num_written value in the discover targets MAD response that exceeds max_targe…
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High 7.8
ext4: validate p_idx bounds in ext4_ext_correct_indexes
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ext4: validate p_idx bounds in ext4_ext_correct_indexes ext4_ext_correct_indexes() walks up the extent tree correcting index entries when the first extent in a leaf is modified. Before access…
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High 7.5
github.com/gomarkdown/markdown: Out-of-bounds Read in SmartypantsRenderer
The package `github.com/gomarkdown/markdown` is a Go library for parsing Markdown text and rendering as HTML. Processing a malformed input containing a < character that is not followed by a > character anywhere in the remaining text with a SmartypantsRenderer…
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High 8.2
NVIDIA CUDA-Q contains a vulnerability in an endpoint, where an unauthenticated attacker could cause an out-of-bounds r…
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High 7.5
Memory safety bugs fixed in Firefox ESR 140.10, Thunderbird ESR 140.10, Firefox 150 and Thunderbird 150
Memory safety bugs present in Firefox ESR 140.9, Thunderbird ESR 140.9, Firefox 149 and Thunderbird 149. Some of these bugs showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort some of these could have been exploited to run arbitrary co…
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High 7.5
Memory safety bugs fixed in Firefox ESR 115.35, Firefox ESR 140.10, Thunderbird ESR 140.10, Firefox 150 and Thunderbird 150
Memory safety bugs present in Firefox ESR 115.34, Firefox ESR 140.9, Thunderbird ESR 140.9, Firefox 149 and Thunderbird 149. Some of these bugs showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort some of these could have been exploited…
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High 7.5
Memory safety bugs fixed in Firefox 150 and Thunderbird 150
Memory safety bugs present in Firefox 149 and Thunderbird 149. Some of these bugs showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort some of these could have been exploited to run arbitrary code. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefo…
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High 7.1
miniupnpd Integer Underflow SOAPAction Header Parsing
miniupnpd contains an integer underflow vulnerability in SOAPAction header parsing that allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service or information disclosure by sending a malformed SOAPAction header with a single quote. Attackers can trigger an out-o…
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High 8.8
libcoap Out-of-Bounds Read in OSCORE CBOR Unwrap Handling
libcoap contains out-of-bounds read vulnerabilities in OSCORE Appendix B.2 CBOR unwrap handling where get_byte_inc() in src/oscore/oscore_cbor.c relies solely on assert() for bounds checking, which is removed in release builds compiled with NDEBUG. Attackers …
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High 8.7
xrdp: Pre-authentication out-of-bounds reads in channel parsers
xrdp is an open source RDP server. Versions through 0.10.5 have an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the pre-authentication RDP message parsing logic. A remote, unauthenticated attacker can trigger this flaw by sending a specially crafted sequence of packet…
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High 7.7
xrdp: Pre-authentication out-of-bounds reads in RDP capability and channel parsers
xrdp is an open source RDP server. Versions through 0.10.5 contain an out-of-bounds read vulnerability during the RDP capability exchange phase. The issue occurs when memory is accessed before validating the remaining buffer length. A remote, unauthenticated …
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High 7.5
Out of bounds read in Media in Google Chrome prior to 147.0.7727.101 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user to …
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High 7.8
Adobe Framemaker | Out-of-bounds Read (CWE-125)
Adobe Framemaker versions 2022.8 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability when parsing a crafted file, which could result in a read past the end of an allocated memory structure. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to execute …
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High 7.1
libsixel: Integer overflow leads to Out-of-bounds Read in img2sixel
libsixel is a SIXEL encoder/decoder implementation derived from kmiya's sixel. Versions 1.8.7 and prior contain an integer overflow leading to an out-of-bounds heap read in the --crop option handling of img2sixel, where positive coordinates up to INT_MAX are …
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High 7.8
InCopy | Out-of-bounds Read (CWE-125)
InCopy versions 20.5.2, 21.2 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability when parsing a crafted file, which could result in a read past the end of an allocated memory structure. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to execute code…
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High 7.8
Photoshop Desktop | Out-of-bounds Read (CWE-125)
Photoshop Desktop versions 27.4 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability when parsing a crafted file, which could result in a read past the end of an allocated memory structure. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to execute c…
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High 7.8
Windows Storage Spaces Controller Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Out-of-bounds read in Windows Storage Spaces Controller allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Windows Hyper-V Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Hyper-V allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally.
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High 7.8
Windows Encrypted File System (EFS) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Out-of-bounds read in Windows Encrypting File System (EFS) allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.5
HTTP.sys Denial of Service Vulnerability
Out-of-bounds read in Windows HTTP.sys allows an unauthorized attacker to deny service over a network.
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High 7.1
Microsoft Excel Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Out-of-bounds read in Microsoft Office Excel allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information locally.
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High 7.8
InDesign Desktop | Out-of-bounds Read (CWE-125)
InDesign Desktop versions 20.5.2, 21.2 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability when parsing a crafted file, which could result in a read past the end of an allocated memory structure. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to ex…
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High 7.5
Nimiq: Remote crash via off-by-one signer bounds check in proposal buffer
nimiq/core-rs-albatross is a Rust implementation of the Nimiq Proof-of-Stake protocol based on the Albatross consensus algorithm. Prior to version 1.3.0, an untrusted peer could crash a validator by publishing a signed tendermint proposal message where signer…
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High 7.5
An out-of-bounds read in the read_global_param() function (libavcodec/av1dec.c) of FFmpeg v8.0.1 allows attackers to ca…
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High 8.1
Out of bounds read in Blink in Google Chrome prior to 147.0.7727.55 allowed a remote attacker to perform an out of boun…
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High 8.1
Insufficient data validation in Media in Google Chrome prior to 147.0.7727.55 allowed a remote attacker to perform an o…
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High 8.8
Out of bounds read and write in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 147.0.7727.55 allowed a remote attacker to execute arbitra…