Weakness (CWE)
CWE-125: Out-of-bounds Read
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
How to prevent it (2 mitigations)
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
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Architecture and Design
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
Source: MITRE CWE-125
2,828 results · Clear filters · Feed
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Medium 5.5
Adobe Framemaker | Out-of-bounds Read (CWE-125)
Adobe Framemaker is affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to disclose sensitive information. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in tha…
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Medium 5.5
Bluez: bluez: stack-based out-of-bounds read in btmon via unvalidated num_keys in return_link_keys_evt()
A flaw was found in BlueZ. An out-of-bounds read vulnerability exists in the btmon Bluetooth monitor tool when processing crafted HCI Return Link Keys events. A maliciously crafted btsnoop capture file can specify a large number of link keys that exceeds the …
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Medium 6.5
ESF-IDF: Bluetooth Classic L2CAP Heap Memory Disclosure Allowing Unauthorized Access to Sensitive Data
ESF-IDF is the Espressif Internet of Things (IOT) Development Framework. Prior to 5.2.8, 5.3.6, 5.5.5, 6.0.3, and 6.1-rc1, ESP-IDF BlueDroid L2CAP configuration-option processing in l2c_main.c and l2c_utils.c does not consistently validate option lengths agai…
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Medium 5.3
FreeRDP 3.17.1 before 3.32.0 Heap Buffer Over-Read via Proxy DRDYNVC Channel Name
FreeRDP 3.17.1 before 3.32.0 contains a heap buffer over-read vulnerability in DynvcTrackerHandleCreateBack of the freerdp-proxy DRDYNVC channel handler that allows malicious backend RDP servers to read heap memory out of bounds. Attackers can send a CREATE_R…
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Medium 4.3
FreeRDP 3.0.0 before 3.32.0 Heap Out-of-Bounds Read via RD Gateway Messages
FreeRDP from 3.0.0 before 3.32.0 contains a heap out-of-bounds read vulnerability that allows a malicious RD Gateway to crash clients by sending mismatched message lengths. Attackers controlling the gateway can set MsgBytes far larger than the NDR string Actu…
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Medium 6.5
FreeRDP 2.0.0-beta1 before 3.28.0 Out-of-Bounds Read via LocateCardsByATRA Handler
FreeRDP from 2.0.0-beta1 before 3.28.0 contains an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in smartcard_LocateCardsByATRA_Call because the ATR pattern cbAtr byte count is not capped. Malicious RDP servers can send crafted ATR mask arrays to use query timing as an or…
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Medium 5.3
A vulnerability has been identified in Capital Embedded AR Classic 431-422 (All versions), Capital Embedded AR Classic …
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Medium 5.3
Tiiny-AI PowerInfer FFN GPU-split Loader ggml-cuda.cu create_striped_mat_to_gpu out-of-bounds
A vulnerability was detected in Tiiny-AI PowerInfer up to 8bd56d69906c9d2dba4d3bf6899763401e01a9a4. Affected is the function create_striped_mat_to_gpu of the file smallthinker/ggml/src/ggml-cuda/ggml-cuda.cu of the component FFN GPU-split Loader. The manipula…
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Medium 5.3
Tiiny-AI PowerInfer GGUF ggml.c gguf_init_from_file out-of-bounds
A vulnerability was determined in Tiiny-AI PowerInfer up to 8bd56d69906c9d2dba4d3bf6899763401e01a9a4. Impacted is the function gguf_init_from_file of the file ggml.c of the component GGUF Parser. This manipulation of the argument data_offset causes out-of-bou…
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Medium 5.4
IBM i is Affected By A Denial of Service Vulnerability in Host Servers
IBM i 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, and 7.6 could allow a remote authenticated attacker to cause a denial of service and obtain information due to an out-of-bounds read in the File Server.
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Medium 4.4
ImageMagick 7.1.0-21 before 7.1.2-32 Heap Buffer Over-Read via -fx Option
ImageMagick 7.1.0-21 before 7.1.2-32 contains a heap buffer over-read in its handling of the -fx option, where a certain -fx operation reads beyond the bounds of an allocated heap buffer in specific situations. Attackers who can get a crafted -fx expression p…
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Medium 5.3
ImageMagick before 6.9.13-57 and 7.x before 7.1.2-32 Information Disclosure via JPEG Decoder
ImageMagick before 6.9.13-57 and 7.x before 7.1.2-32 contains an information disclosure vulnerability in the JPEG decoder, which performs a read that exposes uninitialized memory when handling crafted input. Attackers can supply a crafted JPEG file for proces…
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Medium 5.3
ImageMagick 7.1.1-7 before 7.1.2-32 Heap Buffer Over-Read via XMP Profile
ImageMagick 7.1.1-7 before 7.1.2-32 contains a heap buffer over-read vulnerability that allows attackers to read beyond allocated memory due to incorrect string termination in XMP profiles. Attackers can supply a crafted image containing a malformed XMP profi…
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Medium 5.3
FreeRDP 3.9.0 before 3.32.0 RDPEAR NDR Scalar Out-of-Bounds Read
FreeRDP from 3.9.0 before 3.32.0 contains an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the RDPEAR NDR scalar readers, which check value length before consuming alignment padding. Malicious or compromised RDP servers can send crafted unaligned RDPEAR payloads, such …
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Medium 5.5
FreeRDP 3.0.0 before 3.32.0 Heap Out-of-Bounds Read via Remote Assistance File Parsing
FreeRDP 3.0.0 before 3.32.0 contains a heap out-of-bounds read in freerdp_assistance_parse_all_elements_of() because it advances its parsing cursor without reducing the remaining length, letting the scan window exceed the decrypted ConnectionString2 buffer. A…
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Medium 6.5
FreeRDP 3.0.0 before 3.32.0 Heap Out-of-Bounds Read via WinPR Clipboard cFileName
FreeRDP 3.0.0 before 3.32.0 contains a heap out-of-bounds read in the WinPR clipboard function convert_filedescriptors_to_file_list(), which scans a server-controlled FILEDESCRIPTORW cFileName with unbounded _wcschr() and count_special_chars() calls without a…
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Medium 5.5
Open Asset Import Library Assimp PLY File getNextBlock out-of-bounds
A vulnerability was detected in Open Asset Import Library Assimp up to 6.0.5. Affected by this vulnerability is the function IOStreamBuffer::getNextBlock of the component PLY File Handler. Performing a manipulation results in out-of-bounds read. It is possibl…
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Medium 4.4
MariaDB: mysql_json plugin OOB reads
MariaDB server is a community developed fork of MySQL server. From 10.6.1 until 10.6.28, 10.11.19, 11.4.13, 11.8.9, 12.3.3, and 13.0.2, the mysql_json plugin assumed that imported MySQL tables contained valid MySQL binary JSON data. A specially prepared MySQL…
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Medium 6.4
MariaDB: `qc_info` plugin can do OOB reads if query contains \0
MariaDB server is a community developed fork of MySQL server. From 10.6.1 until 10.6.28, 10.11.19, 11.4.13, 11.8.9, 12.3.3, and 13.0.2, the qc_info plugin could be confused by a query containing embedded null bytes. Reading information_schema.query_cache_info…
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Medium 5.3
Open5GS through 2.8.0 Heap Out-of-Bounds Read via PFCP Dropped DL Traffic Threshold IE
Open5GS through 2.8.0 contains a heap out-of-bounds read vulnerability in ogs_pfcp_parse_dropped_dl_traffic_threshold() that allows remote unauthenticated attackers to read past IE buffers via short IEs. Attackers can send PFCP Session Establishment or Modifi…
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Medium 5.3
Open5GS through 2.8.0 Heap Out-of-Bounds Read via PFCP Volume Measurement IE
Open5GS through 2.8.0 contains a heap out-of-bounds read vulnerability in ogs_pfcp_parse_volume_measurement() in lib/pfcp/types.c that allows remote unauthenticated attackers to read past IE buffers. Attackers can send a PFCP Session Report Request to the SMF…
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Medium 6.8
SumatraPDF: Untrusted binary record offset used without lower-bound validation
SumatraPDF is a multi-format reader for Windows. In 3.6.1 and earlier, ChmFile::GetCharZ() narrows file-controlled unsigned string offsets from /#WINDOWS and /#IVB to signed integers without a lower-bound check. An offset that becomes negative can make the fu…
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Medium 5.5
SumatraPDF: LIT parser range-validation flaws cause invalid-pointer reads and denial of service
SumatraPDF is a multi-format reader for Windows. In 3.7.0.22298, four independently reachable range-validation variants in src/LitDoc.cpp allow file-controlled offsets and sizes to overflow, narrow to negative values, or wrap before incomplete bounds checks. …
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Medium 5.5
SumatraPDF: Unsigned-to-signed hdrLen validation bypass in SumatraPDF MOBI parsing causes out-of-bounds read
SumatraPDF is a multi-format reader for Windows. In 3.7.0.22298, src/MobiDoc.cpp narrows the untrusted unsigned mobiHdr.hdrLen field to a signed integer for validation; values above INT_MAX become negative and bypass the upper-bound check. When the EXTH flag …
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Medium 5.1
Application denial of service via out-of-bounds read in BSON Regex decoding in MongoDB Python Driver
The MongoDB Python Driver's binary accelerator can read outside a buffer when an application decodes malformed BSON containing a truncated regular-expression element without a trailing NUL byte. An actor who can supply BSON to the documented decode or decode_…
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Medium 6.1
Dislocker through 0.7.3 Heap Out-of-Bounds Read via BitLocker Metadata Dataset Size
Dislocker through 0.7.3 contains a heap out-of-bounds read vulnerability in get_dataset() and get_next_datum() that never validate dataset and datum sizes against the metadata allocation. Attackers can craft a BitLocker volume image with inflated dataset or d…
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Medium 6.5
IBM DataPower Gateway Out-of-bounds Read
IBM DataPower Gateway 10.5.0.0 through 10.5.0.22, 10.6.1 through 10.6.6, 10.6.0.0 through 10.6.0.10, and 11.0.0.0 through 11.0.0.2 is vulnerable to buffer overflow.
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Medium 6.1
Integer underflow in TightVNC Server cursor shape trimming leads to out-of-bounds read
An integer underflow in WinCursorShapeUtils::trimTransparent() in GlavSoft TightVNC Server for Windows before 2.8.88 allows a local authenticated user to crash the server, and potentially read out-of-bounds memory, by causing a cursor shape with a width or he…
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Medium 5.3
IBM DataPower Gateway Out-of-bounds Read
IBM DataPower Gateway 10.5.0.0 through 10.5.0.22, 10.6.1 through 10.6.6, 10.6.0.0 through 10.6.0.10, and 11.0.0.0 through 11.0.0.2 could allow a remote authenticated attacker to obtain sensitive information due to an out-of-bounds read.
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Medium 4.4
Global buffer out-of-bounds read in DCMTK JPEG Huffman decoding
A global out-of-bounds read in the Huffman decoder of the bundled IJG JPEG libraries (dcmjpeg/libijg8, libijg12 and libijg16) of OFFIS DCMTK 3.7.0 allows an attacker to read memory beyond the extend_test[] and extend_offset[] tables, causing incorrectly decod…
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Medium 4.4
Heap out-of-bounds read in DCMTK RLE decodeFrame()
A heap-based out-of-bounds read in DcmRLECodecDecoder::decodeFrame() in dcmdata/libsrc/dcrleccd.cc of OFFIS DCMTK 3.7.0 allows an attacker to read up to 63 bytes of adjacent heap memory, or cause a crash, via a crafted RLE Lossless DICOM file whose pixel data…
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Medium 6.5
Excelize: Panic in cellInRange on a worksheet with an empty mergeCell ref
Excelize is a Go language library for reading and writing Microsoft Excel spreadsheets. From 2.7.1 to 2.11.0, mergeCellsParser leaves the cached rectangle empty for an empty mergeCell ref and then passes that empty slice to cellInRange without a length check.…
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Medium 5.3
ImageMagick: Heap Buffer Over-Write in distributed pixel cache server will result in a crash
ImageMagick is free and open-source software used for editing and manipulating digital images. Prior to 7.1.2-31, a client connected to the distributed pixel cache server can send crafted pixel data that triggers an integer-size calculation error and a heap b…
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Medium 5.5
Gimp: gimp: heap buffer over-read in x cursor (xmc) thumbnail loader on crafted file
A flaw was found in GIMP’s X cursor (XMC) thumbnail loader. When GIMP generates a thumbnail for a crafted XMC file, it allocates a pixel buffer using a width * height size computed in 32-bit signed arithmetic. If that product overflows, the allocation is smal…
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Medium 5.5
In NTFS-3G before 2026.7.7, a out-of-bounds read exists in ntfs_fix_file_name() in libntfs-3g/reparse.c that allows an …
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Medium 5.5
NVIDIA TensorRT contains a vulnerability where an attacker can cause an out of bounds read. A successful exploit of thi…
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Medium 6.8
HDF5 scale-offset filter heap buffer over-read via crafted chunk
A heap-based buffer over-read in H5Z__filter_scaleoffset() in src/H5Zscaleoffset.c in HDF5 through 2.2.0 lets an attacker cause a denial of service (application crash) with a crafted HDF5 file. When the stored minimum bits equal the full precision of the data…
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Medium 4.7
Out of bounds read in ANGLE in Google Chrome prior to 155.0.8059.39 allowed a remote attacker to read memory outside th…
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Medium 4.7
Out of bounds read in Printing in Google Chrome on on Windows prior to 155.0.8059.39 allowed a remote attacker who had …
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Medium 5.5
libmikmod before 3.3.14 Heap Out-of-Bounds Read via IT Module Loader
libmikmod before 3.3.14 contains a heap out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the Impulse Tracker loader load_it.c that allows attackers to read adjacent heap memory via oversized patterns. Attackers can supply a crafted IT module with more than 200 pattern row…