Weakness (CWE)
CWE-125: Out-of-bounds Read
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
How to prevent it (2 mitigations)
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
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Architecture and Design
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
Source: MITRE CWE-125
2,838 results · Clear filters · Feed
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Medium 6.1
Util-linux: util-linux: heap buffer overread in setpwnam() when processing 256-byte usernames
A flaw was found in util-linux. This vulnerability allows a heap buffer overread when processing 256-byte usernames, specifically within the `setpwnam()` function, affecting SUID (Set User ID) login-utils utilities writing to the password database.
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Medium 6.5
An out-of-bounds read vulnerability exists in the EMF functionality of PDF-XChange Co. Ltd PDF-XChange Editor 10.7.3.40…
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Medium 6.7
In display, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation o…
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Medium 6.5
In Modem, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to remote denial of ser…
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Medium 5.9
CODESYS Control - Linux/QNX SysSocket flaw
An unauthenticated remote attacker, who beats a race condition, can exploit a flaw in the communication servers of the CODESYS Control runtime system on Linux and QNX to trigger an out-of-bounds read via crafted socket communication, potentially causing a den…
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Medium 6.5
FeehiCMS fails to enforce server-side immutability
FeehiCMS version 2.1.1 fails to enforce server-side immutability for parameters that are presented to clients as "read-only." An authenticated attacker can intercept and modify the parameter in transit and the backend accepts the changes. This can lead to uni…
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Medium 6.6
Vulnerability of accessing invalid memory in the component driver module. Impact: Successful exploitation of this vulne…
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Medium 6.1
LIBPNG is vulnerable to a heap buffer over-read in `png_write_image_8bit` with grayscale+alpha or RGB/RGBA images
LIBPNG is a reference library for use in applications that read, create, and manipulate PNG (Portable Network Graphics) raster image files. From version 1.6.0 to before 1.6.51, a heap buffer over-read vulnerability exists in libpng's png_write_image_8bit func…
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Medium 6.1
LIBPNG is vulnerable to a heap buffer overflow in `png_do_quantize` via malformed palette index
LIBPNG is a reference library for use in applications that read, create, and manipulate PNG (Portable Network Graphics) raster image files. Prior to version 1.6.51, a heap buffer over-read vulnerability exists in libpng's png_do_quantize function when process…
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Medium 6.9
ESP32-P4 JPEG Decoder Header Parsing Vulnerability
ESF-IDF is the Espressif Internet of Things (IOT) Development Framework. In versions 5.5.1, 5.4.3, and 5.3.4, when the ESP32-P4 uses its hardware JPEG decoder, the software parser lacks necessary validation checks. A specially crafted (malicious) JPEG image c…
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Medium 5.3
Malformed constraint may cause denial of service in golang.org/x/crypto/ssh/agent
SSH Agent servers do not validate the size of messages when processing new identity requests, which may cause the program to panic if the message is malformed due to an out of bounds read.
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Medium 4.3
Inappropriate implementation in Dawn in Google Chrome on Mac prior to 130.0.6723.92 allowed a remote attacker to perfor…
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Medium 4.3
Out of bounds read in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 133.0.6943.141 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap…
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Medium 4.0
An out-of-bounds access issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.4 and iPadOS 1…
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Medium 5.5
Format Plugins | Out-of-bounds Read (CWE-125)
Format Plugins versions 1.1.1 and earlier are affected by an Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability that could lead to memory exposure. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to disclose sensitive information stored in memory. Exploitation of this issue requ…
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Medium 5.5
Format Plugins | Out-of-bounds Read (CWE-125)
Format Plugins versions 1.1.1 and earlier are affected by an Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability that could lead to memory exposure. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to disclose sensitive information stored in memory. Exploitation of this issue requ…
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Medium 5.5
Format Plugins | Out-of-bounds Read (CWE-125)
Format Plugins versions 1.1.1 and earlier are affected by an Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability that could lead to memory exposure. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to disclose sensitive information stored in memory. Exploitation of this issue requ…
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Medium 5.5
Format Plugins | Out-of-bounds Read (CWE-125)
Format Plugins versions 1.1.1 and earlier are affected by an Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability that could lead to memory exposure. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to access sensitive memory information. Exploitation of this issue requires user in…
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Medium 5.5
Format Plugins | Out-of-bounds Read (CWE-125)
Format Plugins versions 1.1.1 and earlier are affected by an Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability that could lead to memory exposure. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to disclose sensitive information stored in memory. Exploitation of this issue requ…
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Medium 4.3
Microsoft Excel Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Untrusted pointer dereference in Microsoft Office Excel allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over a network.
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Medium 5.5
Windows Hyper-V Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Out-of-bounds read in Windows Hyper-V allows an authorized attacker to disclose information locally.
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Medium 5.5
Windows Bluetooth RFCOM Protocol Driver Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Out-of-bounds read in Windows Bluetooth RFCOM Protocol Driver allows an authorized attacker to disclose information locally.
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Medium 5.6
Out-of-bounds read for some Intel(R) QAT Windows software before version 2.6.0. within Ring 3: User Applications may al…
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Medium 4.3
Out of bounds read in WebXR in Google Chrome prior to 142.0.7444.59 allowed a remote attacker to perform an out of boun…
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Medium 4.3
Out of bounds read in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 142.0.7444.59 allowed a remote attacker to perform an out of bounds …
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Medium 6.2
An uninitialized stack read issue exists in Amazon Ion-C versions <v1.1.4 that may allow a threat actor to craft data a…
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Medium 6.5
AstrBot has an arbitrary file read vulnerability in function _encode_image_bs64
AstrBot Project v3.5.22 has an arbitrary file read vulnerability in function _encode_image_bs64. Since the _encode_image_bs64 function defined in entities.py opens the image specified by the user in the request body and returns the image content as a base64-e…
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Medium 6.5
Side-channel information leakage in Storage in Google Chrome prior to 141.0.7390.54 allowed a remote attacker to perfor…
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Medium 4.3
Multiple issues were addressed by disabling array allocation sinking. This issue is fixed in Safari 26.1, iOS 26.1 and …
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Medium 5.5
An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.7.2 and iPadOS 18.7.2,…
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Medium 4.3
An out-of-bounds access issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.7.2 and iPadOS…
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Medium 4.3
An out-of-bounds access issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.7.2 and iPadOS…
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Medium 4.3
An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.7.2 and iPadOS 18.7.2…
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Medium 4.3
An out-of-bounds access issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.7.2 and iPadOS…
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Medium 5.3
An issue was discovered in NPU in Samsung Mobile Processor Exynos 1380 through July 2025. There is an Out-of-bounds Rea…
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Medium 5.3
An issue was discovered in VTS in Samsung Mobile Processor and Wearable Processor Exynos 1080, 1280, 2200, 1380, 1480, …
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Medium 4.4
NVIDIA Display Driver for Windows and Linux contains a vulnerability in a video decoder, where an attacker might cause …
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Medium —
ncurses exposes uninitialized memory in string reading functions
Multiple string reading functions expose uninitialized memory by setting length to capacity when no null terminator is found. This allows reading uninitialized memory which may contain sensitive data from previous allocations. The ncurses-rs repository is arc…
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Medium 5.4
Vulnerability in the PeopleSoft Enterprise PeopleTools product of Oracle PeopleSoft (component: PIA Core Technology). S…
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Medium 5.4
Vulnerability in the PeopleSoft Enterprise PeopleTools product of Oracle PeopleSoft (component: PIA Core Technology). S…