Weakness (CWE)
CWE-125: Out-of-bounds Read
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
How to prevent it (2 mitigations)
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
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Architecture and Design
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
Source: MITRE CWE-125
6,275 results · Feed
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Medium 4.4
ImageMagick 7.1.0-21 before 7.1.2-32 Heap Buffer Over-Read via -fx Option
ImageMagick 7.1.0-21 before 7.1.2-32 contains a heap buffer over-read in its handling of the -fx option, where a certain -fx operation reads beyond the bounds of an allocated heap buffer in specific situations. Attackers who can get a crafted -fx expression p…
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Medium 5.3
ImageMagick before 6.9.13-57 and 7.x before 7.1.2-32 Information Disclosure via JPEG Decoder
ImageMagick before 6.9.13-57 and 7.x before 7.1.2-32 contains an information disclosure vulnerability in the JPEG decoder, which performs a read that exposes uninitialized memory when handling crafted input. Attackers can supply a crafted JPEG file for proces…
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Medium 5.3
ImageMagick 7.1.1-7 before 7.1.2-32 Heap Buffer Over-Read via XMP Profile
ImageMagick 7.1.1-7 before 7.1.2-32 contains a heap buffer over-read vulnerability that allows attackers to read beyond allocated memory due to incorrect string termination in XMP profiles. Attackers can supply a crafted image containing a malformed XMP profi…
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Medium 5.3
FreeRDP 3.9.0 before 3.32.0 RDPEAR NDR Scalar Out-of-Bounds Read
FreeRDP from 3.9.0 before 3.32.0 contains an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the RDPEAR NDR scalar readers, which check value length before consuming alignment padding. Malicious or compromised RDP servers can send crafted unaligned RDPEAR payloads, such …
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Medium 5.5
FreeRDP 3.0.0 before 3.32.0 Heap Out-of-Bounds Read via Remote Assistance File Parsing
FreeRDP 3.0.0 before 3.32.0 contains a heap out-of-bounds read in freerdp_assistance_parse_all_elements_of() because it advances its parsing cursor without reducing the remaining length, letting the scan window exceed the decrypted ConnectionString2 buffer. A…
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Medium 6.5
FreeRDP 3.0.0 before 3.32.0 Heap Out-of-Bounds Read via WinPR Clipboard cFileName
FreeRDP 3.0.0 before 3.32.0 contains a heap out-of-bounds read in the WinPR clipboard function convert_filedescriptors_to_file_list(), which scans a server-controlled FILEDESCRIPTORW cFileName with unbounded _wcschr() and count_special_chars() calls without a…
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High 7.2
Netcore NR268 filter_arp_put_file.cgi filter_arp_put_file_cgi out-of-bounds
A vulnerability has been found in Netcore NR268 1.7.121109. This affects the function filter_arp_put_file_cgi of the file /router/filter_arp_put_file.cgi. The manipulation of the argument put_file leads to out-of-bounds read. It is possible to initiate the at…
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Low 3.4
Out-of-bounds read when the zbus proxy agent IPC backend logs a rejected peer frame's channel name
The zbus proxy agent IPC backend in subsys/zbus/proxy_agent/zbus_proxy_agent_ipc.c logged the channel name of a rejected inter-domain frame with a plain %s conversion. The frame type struct zbus_proxy_msg carries a fixed-size channel_name[] array as its last …
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High 7.1
Out-of-bounds read in IPv6 route forwarding when the nexthop neighbor has no link-layer address
net_route_ipv6_packet() in subsys/net/ip/route_ipv6.c resolved the nexthop's link-layer address with net_nbr_get_lladdr(nbr->idx) without first checking whether the neighbor cache entry actually had a linked link-layer address. An unresolved neighbor carries …
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Medium 5.5
Open Asset Import Library Assimp PLY File getNextBlock out-of-bounds
A vulnerability was detected in Open Asset Import Library Assimp up to 6.0.5. Affected by this vulnerability is the function IOStreamBuffer::getNextBlock of the component PLY File Handler. Performing a manipulation results in out-of-bounds read. It is possibl…
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Critical 9.1
ExtUtils::Typemaps::STL::String versions before 1.06 for Perl T_STD_STRING typemap may read the SV length before stringifying the argument
ExtUtils::Typemaps::STL::String versions before 1.06 for Perl T_STD_STRING typemap may read the SV length before stringifying the argument. The typemap uses $var = std::string( SvPV_nolen($arg), SvCUR($arg) ) However, evaluation order for C++ arguments is not…
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High 7.5
Apache DataSketches: datasketches-cpp: Out-of-bounds read in VarOpt union deserialization allows denial of service via a truncated sketch
Out-of-bounds read in the VarOpt union deserialization of Apache DataSketches C++ (repo: datasketches-cpp). var_opt_union::deserialize() read the 32-byte preamble of a non-empty union after checking that only 8 bytes were available, so a truncated serialized …
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Critical 9.1
Apache DataSketches: datasketches-cpp: Out-of-bounds read in compact Theta sketch deserialization allows denial of service via a crafted sketch
Out-of-bounds read in the compact Theta sketch deserialization of Apache DataSketches C++ (repo: datasketches-cpp). compact_theta_sketch::deserialize() and wrapped_compact_theta_sketch::wrap() read header fields before checking that the input was long enough.…
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Critical 9.8
Apache DataSketches: datasketches-cpp: Out-of-bounds read and write in the CPC sketch deserialization allows memory corruption via a crafted sketch
Out-of-bounds read and write in the CPC sketch deserialization of Apache DataSketches C++ (repo: datasketches-cpp). A crafted serialized CPC sketch passed to cpc_sketch::deserialize(), from either a byte buffer or a stream, can cause the decompressor to read …
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High 8.2
RIOT: Out-of-Bounds Read in RIOT OS 6LoWPAN SFF Fragment Handling
RIOT is an open-source microcontroller operating system designed for Internet of Things devices and other embedded systems. In 2026.07 and earlier, _receive() in sys/net/gnrc/network_layer/sixlowpan/gnrc_sixlowpan.c can route an undersized packet into SFF fra…
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High 7.1
RIOT: nanoCoAP Block2 client slice handling underflows on inconsistent server-controlled block size
RIOT is an open-source microcontroller operating system designed for Internet of Things devices and other embedded systems. In 2026.07 and earlier, the nanoCoAP client function nanocoap_sock_get_slice() in sys/net/application_layer/nanocoap/sock.c accepts a B…
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Medium 4.4
MariaDB: mysql_json plugin OOB reads
MariaDB server is a community developed fork of MySQL server. From 10.6.1 until 10.6.28, 10.11.19, 11.4.13, 11.8.9, 12.3.3, and 13.0.2, the mysql_json plugin assumed that imported MySQL tables contained valid MySQL binary JSON data. A specially prepared MySQL…
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Medium 6.4
MariaDB: `qc_info` plugin can do OOB reads if query contains \0
MariaDB server is a community developed fork of MySQL server. From 10.6.1 until 10.6.28, 10.11.19, 11.4.13, 11.8.9, 12.3.3, and 13.0.2, the qc_info plugin could be confused by a query containing embedded null bytes. Reading information_schema.query_cache_info…
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Medium 5.3
Open5GS through 2.8.0 Heap Out-of-Bounds Read via PFCP Dropped DL Traffic Threshold IE
Open5GS through 2.8.0 contains a heap out-of-bounds read vulnerability in ogs_pfcp_parse_dropped_dl_traffic_threshold() that allows remote unauthenticated attackers to read past IE buffers via short IEs. Attackers can send PFCP Session Establishment or Modifi…
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Medium 5.3
Open5GS through 2.8.0 Heap Out-of-Bounds Read via PFCP Volume Measurement IE
Open5GS through 2.8.0 contains a heap out-of-bounds read vulnerability in ogs_pfcp_parse_volume_measurement() in lib/pfcp/types.c that allows remote unauthenticated attackers to read past IE buffers. Attackers can send a PFCP Session Report Request to the SMF…
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Low 3.6
The Affinity by Canva app for macOS before 3.3.1 (October 2026 release) did not perform adequate bounds checking when g…
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Critical 9.1
Heap out-of-bounds read in FalkorDB BufferSerializerIOv2_ReadBuffer via crafted RDB
A heap-based out-of-bounds read in the BufferSerializerIOv2_ReadBuffer function (src/serializers/serializer_io.c) in FalkorDB before 4.18.4 allows a remote attacker who can issue Redis replication commands (for example, against an instance with no password co…
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High 7.5
OpENer v2.3/commit 76b95cf, contains an out-of-bounds read in the server-side EtherNet/IP ForwardOpen connection-path p…
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High 7.5
An out-of-bounds read vulnerability exists in EIPStackGroup OpENer v2.3 and master through commit 76b95cf in the server…
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High 7.5
An out-of-bounds read vulnerability exists in EIPStackGroup OpENer v2.3 and master up to commit 76b95cf in the EtherNet…
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High 7.5
OpENer v2.3/ commit 76b95cf, contains an out-of-bounds read in the server-side EtherNet/IP ForwardOpen connection-path …
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Medium 6.8
SumatraPDF: Untrusted binary record offset used without lower-bound validation
SumatraPDF is a multi-format reader for Windows. In 3.6.1 and earlier, ChmFile::GetCharZ() narrows file-controlled unsigned string offsets from /#WINDOWS and /#IVB to signed integers without a lower-bound check. An offset that becomes negative can make the fu…
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Medium 5.5
SumatraPDF: LIT parser range-validation flaws cause invalid-pointer reads and denial of service
SumatraPDF is a multi-format reader for Windows. In 3.7.0.22298, four independently reachable range-validation variants in src/LitDoc.cpp allow file-controlled offsets and sizes to overflow, narrow to negative values, or wrap before incomplete bounds checks. …
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Medium 5.5
SumatraPDF: Unsigned-to-signed hdrLen validation bypass in SumatraPDF MOBI parsing causes out-of-bounds read
SumatraPDF is a multi-format reader for Windows. In 3.7.0.22298, src/MobiDoc.cpp narrows the untrusted unsigned mobiHdr.hdrLen field to a signed integer for validation; values above INT_MAX become negative and bypass the upper-bound check. When the EXTH flag …
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Low 3.7
Security vulnerabilities have been found in IBM Verify Identity Access and IBM Security Verify Access
IBM Security Verify Access 10.0 through 10.0.9.2 and IBM Verify Identity Access 11.0 through 11.0.3 could allow a denial of service due to a heap-based out-of-bounds read. A remote attacker could send a specially crafted request that causes a limited out‑of‑b…
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Medium 5.1
Application denial of service via out-of-bounds read in BSON Regex decoding in MongoDB Python Driver
The MongoDB Python Driver's binary accelerator can read outside a buffer when an application decodes malformed BSON containing a truncated regular-expression element without a trailing NUL byte. An actor who can supply BSON to the documented decode or decode_…
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High 8.1
IBM Guardium Data Protection Out-of-bounds Read
IBM Guardium Data Protection 12.0, 12.1, 12.2 is vulnerable to a heap-based out-of-bounds read in the TDS7 LOGIN7 protocol parser. A remote attacker could send a specially crafted TDS LOGIN7 packet containing invalid offset or length values, potentially causi…
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Low 3.7
Out-of-bounds read in SCRAM response parsing in MongoDB C Driver
An out-of-bounds read in SCRAM authentication response parsing in the MongoDB C Driver can read one byte beyond a fixed-size buffer when processing a malformed server-final message. A server or network intermediary able to provide this message before server-s…
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High 7.5
msgpack5: Truncated map32 headers throw an unexpected error
msgpack5 is a msgpack v5 implementation for node.js and the browser. Prior to 6.1.0, the decoder reads the four-byte length of a map32 value before validating that the complete five-byte header is available. A truncated map32 header therefore causes a checked…
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Medium 6.1
Dislocker through 0.7.3 Heap Out-of-Bounds Read via BitLocker Metadata Dataset Size
Dislocker through 0.7.3 contains a heap out-of-bounds read vulnerability in get_dataset() and get_next_datum() that never validate dataset and datum sizes against the metadata allocation. Attackers can craft a BitLocker volume image with inflated dataset or d…
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High 8.2
IBM DataPower Gateway Out-of-bounds Read
IBM DataPower Gateway 10.5.0.0 through 10.5.0.22, 10.6.1 through 10.6.6, 10.6.0.0 through 10.6.0.10, and 11.0.0.0 through 11.0.0.2 could allow a remote attacker to cause a denial of service due to a heap-based buffer overflow.
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Medium 6.5
IBM DataPower Gateway Out-of-bounds Read
IBM DataPower Gateway 10.5.0.0 through 10.5.0.22, 10.6.1 through 10.6.6, 10.6.0.0 through 10.6.0.10, and 11.0.0.0 through 11.0.0.2 is vulnerable to buffer overflow.
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Medium 6.1
Integer underflow in TightVNC Server cursor shape trimming leads to out-of-bounds read
An integer underflow in WinCursorShapeUtils::trimTransparent() in GlavSoft TightVNC Server for Windows before 2.8.88 allows a local authenticated user to crash the server, and potentially read out-of-bounds memory, by causing a cursor shape with a width or he…
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High 7.1
Out-of-bounds read in TightVNC Viewer ZRLE palette decoding
An out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the ZRLE decoder of GlavSoft TightVNC Viewer for Windows before 2.8.88 allows a malicious or compromised VNC server to read heap memory beyond the palette allocation and crash the viewer by sending ZRLE-encoded tiles who…
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High 7.5
IBM DataPower Gateway Out-of-bounds Read
IBM DataPower Gateway 10.5.0.0 through 10.5.0.22, 10.6.1 through 10.6.6, 10.6.0.0 through 10.6.0.10, and 11.0.0.0 through 11.0.0.2 could allow a remote attacker to cause a denial of service due to an out-of-bounds read.