Weakness (CWE)
CWE-125: Out-of-bounds Read
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
How to prevent it (2 mitigations)
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
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Architecture and Design
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
Source: MITRE CWE-125
6,275 results · Feed
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Medium 6.8
Out-of-bounds Read, Function Call With Incorrect Number of Arguments, Access of Resource Using Incompatible Type ('Type Confusion') vulnerability in RTI Connext Professional (Core Libraries) allows Overread Buffers.
Out-of-bounds Read, Function Call With Incorrect Number of Arguments, Access of Resource Using Incompatible Type ('Type Confusion') vulnerability in RTI Connext Professional (Core Libraries) allows Overread Buffers. This issue affects Connext Professional: fr…
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Medium 6.8
Out-of-bounds Read, Function Call With Incorrect Number of Arguments, Access of Resource Using Incompatible Type ('Type Confusion') vulnerability in RTI Connext Professional (Core Libraries) allows Overread Buffers.
Out-of-bounds Read, Function Call With Incorrect Number of Arguments, Access of Resource Using Incompatible Type ('Type Confusion') vulnerability in RTI Connext Professional (Core Libraries) allows Overread Buffers. This issue affects Connext Professional: fr…
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Low 3.3
radare2: Out-of-bounds Read at the end of string in the LUA 5.3 bytecode
radare2 is a UNIX-like reverse engineering framework and command-line toolset. Prior to 6.2.0, radare2's Lua 5.3 bytecode function parser was vulnerable because the Lua 5.3 bytecode function parser read fixed function-metadata fields immediately after a funct…
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Low 3.3
radare2: Missing string termination causes heap out-of-bounds read in radare2 bplist parser
radare2 is a UNIX-like reverse engineering framework and command-line toolset. Prior to 6.2.0, radare2's binary property-list Unicode parser was vulnerable because the binary-property-list Unicode parser underallocated an uninitialized UTF-8 destination and d…
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Low 2.5
radare2: Heap out-of-bounds read in radare2 Mach-O LC_DATA_IN_CODE parser
radare2 is a UNIX-like reverse engineering framework and command-line toolset. Prior to 6.2.0, radare2's Mach-O LC_DATA_IN_CODE parser was vulnerable because the Mach-O LC_DATA_IN_CODE parser trusted dataoff and datasize and allowed a final partial record to …
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Medium 5.5
radare2: Heap out-of-bounds read in radare2 ELF PN_XNUM handling
radare2 is a UNIX-like reverse engineering framework and command-line toolset. Prior to 6.2.0, radare2's ELF PN_XNUM handling was vulnerable because the ELF parser allocated the program-header array using the resolved PN_XNUM count but several consumers still…
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Low 3.3
radare2: Heap out-of-bounds read in radare2 Mach-O Swift metadata parser
radare2 is a UNIX-like reverse engineering framework and command-line toolset. Prior to 6.2.0, radare2's Mach-O Swift field-metadata parser was vulnerable because a relative Swift field pointer could be lower than the field-metadata section base, making subtr…
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Medium 5.4
Out of bounds read in PICT image import
LibreOffice can import PICT images, which may be embedded in documents. An out of bounds read existed when importing an image that uses a colour palette. The palette index held in the image data was used without being checked against the number of entries the…
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Medium 5.4
Heap buffer overflow in PDF import stream handling
LibreOffice Draw can import PDF documents. A heap buffer overflow existed when importing a stream object. The length of the stream was taken from the object's own dictionary and was not checked against the number of bytes actually present, so copying the stre…
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Medium 5.4
Heap buffer overflow in WMF text record import
LibreOffice can import WMF graphics, which may be embedded in documents. A heap buffer overflow existed when importing a text record that carries its own character advance widths. The count of advance values and the length of the text were read separately fro…
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Medium 6.5
Net::IDN::Punycode versions before 2.590 for Perl allow an out-of-bounds read via integer overflow of the delta accumulator in encode_punycode
Net::IDN::Punycode versions before 2.590 for Perl allow an out-of-bounds read via integer overflow of the delta accumulator in encode_punycode. The XS backend keeps the punycode delta, and the digit index derived from it, in a signed int. The accumulation `de…
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High 7.5
An out-of-bounds read vulnerability exists in the schema lexer of flatcc 4c3b999e. When an exact-length FlatBuffers sch…
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Medium 5.3
Out-of-bounds read and permanent loss of Wi-Fi reception in the ESP-hosted SPI driver's frame reassembly
The Espressif ESP-hosted Wi-Fi driver (drivers/wifi/esp_hosted/) parses frames received over SPI from the ESP co-processor in esp_hosted_event_task(). For control frames it took the 16-bit TLV field data_length straight off the wire and passed it to pb_istrea…
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High 8.2
Suricata smtp/mime: heap out-of-bounds read quoted-printable decoder
Suricata is a network Intrusion Detection System, Intrusion Prevention System and Network Security Monitoring engine. From 7.0.13 until 7.0.17, the SMTP MIME quoted-printable decoder in src/util-decode-mime.c can read one byte past a heap buffer when a quoted…
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High 7.8
FluidSynth: Heap Buffer Overflow in MIDI Player
FluidSynth is a software synthesizer based on the SoundFont 2 specifications. From 2.2.4 until 2.5.6, configuring synth.midi-channels above 16 allows the MIDI player to index _fluid_player_t::channel_isplaying outside its fixed-size heap allocation while trac…
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High 8.0
FluidSynth: Heap-based buffer overrun for DLS samples
FluidSynth is a software synthesizer based on the SoundFont 2 specifications. From 2.5.0 until 2.5.6, the native DLS loader assigns file-controlled wsmp.loop_start and wsmp.loop_length values to samples without calling fluid_sample_validate() or fluid_sample_…
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High 8.1
IBM MQ for HPE NonStop is vulnerable to a denial of service issue
IBM MQ for HPE NonStop 8.1.0 through 8.1.0.40 could allow an authenticated attacker to obtain sensitive information or cause a denial of service due to improper validation of message header offset values.
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High 7.5
Out of bounds read at smpp34_unpack()
In libsmpp35 from 0.1.0 through 1.8.0 out of bound read issue was found in the at smpp34_unpack() function via attacker controlled SMPP PDUs, leading to memory corruption.
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High 7.0
NanoMQ: Heap-Buffer-Overflow in `nmq_subinfo_decode()` During MQTT v5 SUBSCRIBE Parsing
NanoMQ is an MQTT broker. Prior to 0.24.14, NanoMQ's broker-side MQTT v5 nmq_subinfo_decode() function in nng/src/sp/protocol/mqtt/mqtt_parser.c reuses len_of_varint from the outer Properties Length while parsing each SUBSCRIPTION_IDENTIFIER. A remote client …
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Low 3.7
libheif hOp_RGB24_32_to_YCbCr Memory Access Error / SEGV
libheif is a HEIF and AVIF file format decoder and encoder. Prior to 1.19.6, Op_RGB24_32_to_YCbCr::convert_colorspace() stores image-plane strides in an integer width that can overflow for extremely large RGB images created through heif_image_create() and hei…
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Medium 6.5
libheif: Incomplete fix for CVE-2026-62292 leaves libheif vulnerable to an out-of-bounds read
libheif is a HEIF and AVIF file format decoder and encoder. From 1.19.0 until 1.23.3, the no-icef full-item branch of unc_decoder::get_compressed_image_data_uncompressed() in libheif/codecs/uncompressed/unc_decoder.cc retains an addition-based range check tha…
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Medium 4.0
libheif: Heap out-of-bounds read in libheif inline-mask region API (heif_region_item_add_region_inline_mask_data / heif_region_get_mask_image)
libheif is a HEIF and AVIF file format decoder and encoder. Prior to 1.23.2, the public heif_region_item_add_region_inline_mask_data() function in libheif/api/libheif/heif_regions.cc accepts mask_data_len without verifying that it equals the byte count requir…
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Medium 5.5
OpenImageIO: TGA-to-GIF palette split signed overflow causes SIGSEGV
OpenImageIO is a toolset for reading, writing, and manipulating image files of any image file format relevant to VFX / animation. Prior to 3.0.21.0, 3.1.16.0, and 3.2.0.3-beta1, A truncated tga can leave a pending gif frame that is processed during output clo…
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Medium 5.5
OpenImageIO: PSD RawColor invalid color mode causes global out-of-bounds read and allocation DoS
OpenImageIO is a toolset for reading, writing, and manipulating image files of any image file format relevant to VFX / animation. Prior to 3.0.21.0, 3.1.16.0, and 3.2.0.3-beta1, A crafted psd with an invalid color_mode bypasses normal validation when oiio:raw…
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Medium 5.5
OpenImageIO: PSD RawColor indexed image out-of-bounds read in `interleave_row`
OpenImageIO is a toolset for reading, writing, and manipulating image files of any image file format relevant to VFX / animation. Prior to 3.0.21.0, 3.1.16.0, and 3.2.0.3-beta1, An indexed psd with transparency metadata creates fewer stored channel_buffers th…
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Medium 6.1
OpenImageIO: Heap-buffer-overread in IffInput::readimg() when ZBUFFER flag is set
OpenImageIO is a toolset for reading, writing, and manipulating image files of any image file format relevant to VFX / animation. Prior to 3.0.20.0, 3.1.15.0, and 3.2.0.3-beta1, An uncompressed 16-bit iff image with a z-buffer makes iffinput::readimg() alloca…
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Medium 4.3
Out-of-bounds read in gPTP Announce path-trace validation via unvalidated stepsRemoved
gptp_mi_qualify_announce() in subsys/net/l2/ethernet/gptp/gptp_mi.c walks the Path Trace TLV of a received IEEE 802.1AS Announce message, comparing each clock identity against the local one. The loop bound was taken solely from the attacker-controlled wire fi…
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Low 3.1
Out-of-bounds read in the Zephyr gPTP receive path when handling short Ethernet frames
gptp_handle_msg() in subsys/net/l2/ethernet/gptp/gptp.c dereferenced the gPTP header returned by GPTP_HDR() and switched on hdr->message_type without first checking that the received frame carries at least sizeof(struct gptp_hdr) (34) bytes of payload. The he…
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High 7.5
rustls-webpki before 0.103.13 Panic via empty BIT STRING
rustls-webpki through 0.103.12 (and 0.104.0-alpha releases before 0.104.0-alpha.7) contains a reachable panic in bit_string_flags() in src/der.rs. The input guard fails to reject a named-bit BIT STRING whose content is exactly [0x00] (zero padding bits and no…
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High 7.3
GPAC RTP Depacketizer rtp_depacketizer.c gf_rtp_parse_ttxt out-of-bounds
A vulnerability was identified in GPAC 26.08-DEV. This vulnerability affects the function gf_rtp_parse_ttxt of the file src/ietf/rtp_depacketizer.c of the component RTP Depacketizer. Such manipulation of the argument size leads to out-of-bounds read. It is po…
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Medium 6.9
PoDoFo: Heap Out-of-Bounds Read in Indexed Color Space Image Decoding (FetchScanLine)
PoDoFo is a C++17 PDF manipulation library. From version 1.0.0 until 1.1.1, processing a crafted PDF with an Indexed color-space image can cause a heap out-of-bounds read in PdfColorSpaceFilterIndexed::FetchScanLine in src/podofo/main/PdfColorSpaceFilter.cpp.…
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Medium 5.5
OpenImageIO: Segmentation Fault in BmpInput::read_native_scanline (bmpinput.cpp:399)
OpenImageIO is a toolset for reading, writing, and manipulating image files of any image file format relevant to VFX / animation. Prior to versions 3.0.16.0 and 3.1.11.0, processing a crafted BMP file through oiiotool or an application linked to OpenImageIO c…
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Medium 6.2
Imager versions from 0.45_02 before 1.035 for Perl read outside the EXIF block via unchecked start offsets in tiff_load_ifd
Imager versions from 0.45_02 before 1.035 for Perl read outside the EXIF block via unchecked start offsets in tiff_load_ifd. tiff_load_ifd() validates an IFD entry's data by checking that `entry->offset + entry->size` stays within the EXIF block, and never ch…
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Medium 6.3
Out of bounds read in DataTransfer in Google Chrome prior to 153.0.8010.52 allowed a local attacker leveraging social e…
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High 8.7
OpenDDS: out-of-bounds `rd_ptr` dereference in `RtpsSampleHeader::init` — triggered by malformed RTPS submessage, remotely exploitable denial of service
OpenDDS is an open source C++ implementation of the Object Management Group (OMG) Data Distribution Service (DDS). Prior to 3.34.0, a network attacker can crash a reachable OpenDDS participant by sending a malformed RTPS UDP submessage whose crafted length or…
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Medium 6.5
rabbitmq-c: size_t underflow in AMQP frame length computation leads to out-of-bounds read
rabbitmq-c is a C-language AMQP client library for RabbitMQ. Prior to 0.16.0, a malicious AMQP server can send an undersized HEADER or METHOD frame during client login and cause unsigned size_t underflow in amqp_handle_input() in librabbitmq/amqp_connection.c…
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Low 2.3
mport mirror-selection ping accepts insufficiently validated ICMP replies
mport is the MidnightBSD Package Manager. Prior to 2.7.8, ping() in libmport/ping.c accepted ICMP replies without validating icmp_id or icmp_seq and parsed the reply using a fixed IP-header offset instead of ip_hl. A network attacker able to inject or spoof v…
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High 7.1
Redis: redis: out-of-bounds read via crafted cluster bus packets
A flaw was found in Redis community. The cluster bus packet parser, responsible for handling PING, PONG, and MEET packets, fails to properly validate string-carrying extensions for null-termination. This oversight allows a remote attacker to craft a malicious…
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High 7.9
Out-of-bounds Read in OOBM
Transient DOS when processing unverified data from a neighboring system causes out of bound memory access.
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Medium 5.3
GPAC downloader.c wait_for_header_and_parse out-of-bounds
A weakness has been identified in GPAC 26.08-DEV. This impacts the function wait_for_header_and_parse of the file src/utils/downloader.c. This manipulation of the argument Content-Range causes out-of-bounds read. The attack requires local access. The exploit …