Weakness (CWE)
CWE-125: Out-of-bounds Read
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
How to prevent it (2 mitigations)
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
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Architecture and Design
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
Source: MITRE CWE-125
6,275 results · Feed
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Medium 5.5
An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 26.7 and iPadOS 26…
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High 7.1
An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in macOS Golden Gate 27, macOS S…
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High 7.1
An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 26.7 and iPadOS 26.7, iOS…
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Medium 6.5
An out-of-bounds read issue was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in macOS Golden Gate 27. …
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High 7.5
An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in macOS Golden Gate 27, macOS S…
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High 8.1
An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in macOS Golden Gate 27, macOS S…
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Medium 6.5
An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in macOS Golden Gate 27, macOS S…
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Critical 9.8
resdata insufficiently validates untrusted GRDECL files
resdata is software for reading and writing result files from the Eclipse reservoir simulator. Prior to 6.2.9, resdata insufficiently validates numeric fields, grid dimensions, keyword sizes, and array indexes while parsing untrusted GRDECL files in lib/resda…
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Medium 6.1
tract-nnef: integer overflow in NNEF `.dat` tensor parser yields an out-of-bounds read on model load
Tract is a tiny, no-nonsense, self-contained TensorFlow and ONNX inference toolkit. Prior to 0.21.16, 0.22.2, and 0.23.1, tract-nnef uses unchecked usize multiplication in nnef/src/tensors.rs read_tensor for attacker-controlled tensor dimensions, the allocati…
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Medium 6.3
FFmpeg Convolution Filter vf_convolution.c setup_3x3 out-of-bounds
A vulnerability has been found in FFmpeg up to 4.4.6/5.1.8/6.1.4/7.1.3/8.0.1. Affected by this issue is the function setup_3x3 of the file libavfilter/vf_convolution.c of the component Convolution Filter. Such manipulation leads to out-of-bounds read. The att…
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Medium 4.0
Sssd: sssd: denial of service via malformed pam v1 requests
A flaw was found in sssd, specifically within the PAM (Pluggable Authentication Modules) responder's protocol v1 parser, pam_parse_in_data(). A local client with access to the PAM responder's UNIX socket can exploit this by negotiating protocol v1 and sending…
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Low 3.7
Nimiq: Out-of-bounds panic in KeyNibbles::Add from oversized child suffix in a deserialized proof
Nimiq is a Rust implementation of the Nimiq Proof-of-Stake protocol based on the Albatross consensus algorithm. Prior to 1.6.0, a malicious state-sync peer can crash a syncing node by sending a crafted TrieChunk whose proof contains a TrieNodeChild suffix tha…
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Medium 4.0
Sssd: local oob read in nss service request parsers (`sss_nss_protocol_parse_svc_name` / `sss_nss_protocol_parse_svc_port`)
A flaw was found in the sssd NSS responder. This input validation vulnerability allows a local attacker, by sending specially crafted service lookup requests to the NSS responder's UNIX socket, to cause an out-of-bounds read. This out-of-bounds read may lead …
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Medium 5.5
marcobambini Gravity Number gravity_parser.c parse_number_expression out-of-bounds
A vulnerability was detected in marcobambini Gravity up to 0.9.7. This impacts the function parse_number_expression of the file src/compiler/gravity_parser.c of the component Number Parser. Performing a manipulation results in out-of-bounds read. It is possib…
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Medium 5.3
memcached mcmc Tokenizer proto_text.c try_read_command_asciiauth out-of-bounds
A security flaw has been discovered in memcached 1.6.41/1.6.42/1.6.43. This vulnerability affects the function try_read_command_asciiauth of the file proto_text.c of the component mcmc Tokenizer. The manipulation results in out-of-bounds read. It is possible …
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Low 3.3
Matthias-Wandel jhead EXIF Parsing exif.c Get16u out-of-bounds
A weakness has been identified in Matthias-Wandel jhead up to 3.3. This affects the function Get16u of the file exif.c of the component EXIF Parsing. This manipulation causes out-of-bounds read. The attack requires local access. The exploit has been made avai…
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Low 3.7
Withsecure Atlant with Capricorn engine before 2025-01-20_02 allows a Remote Denial of Service via an out-of-bounds mem…
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Low 2.8
An issue was discovered in Wi-Fi in Samsung Mobile Processor Exynos 850, 1280, 1330, 1380, 1480, 2400, W920, and W930. …
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Low 2.8
An issue was discovered in camera in Samsung Mobile Processor Exynos 1330, 1380, 1480, 2400, 1580, 2500, 2600, and 1680…
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Medium 6.5
PostGIS address_standardizer through 3.7.0 Out-of-Bounds Read via Unvalidated Rule Weight
PostGIS address_standardizer through 3.7.0 fails to validate the Weight parameter from caller-supplied rules tables before using it as an array index. Attackers can craft malicious rule rows with out-of-range Weight values to trigger out-of-bounds reads in th…
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Low 2.9
TinyEXIF before 1.1.0 has a heap-based buffer over-read in EntryParser::Fetch methods reachable via a crafted SubjectAr…
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Low 2.9
FFmpeg before 9.0 has an out-of-bounds read because of missing required padding in WMA extradata allocation paths in li…
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Low 2.9
FFmpeg before 9.0 has an out-of-bounds read because there is insufficiently padded extradata in the MOV parsing path in…
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High 8.2
zstd-jni 1.2.0 through 1.5.7-13 Out-of-Bounds Read via ZstdDictDecompress
zstd-jni versions 1.2.0 through 1.5.7-13 contain an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the ZstdDictDecompress constructor because offset and length arguments are never validated against the dictionary array bounds. Attackers can supply arbitrary offset or le…
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Medium 6.1
Freeciv 3.1.0 through 3.2.5 Out-of-Bounds Read via Savegame
Freeciv versions 3.1.0 through 3.2.5 contain an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in sg_load_player_unit() when processing savegame files with invalid unit activity indices. An attacker can craft a malicious savegame file with an out-of-range activity index th…
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Medium 4.8
Out-of-Bounds Read
Out-of-bounds read vulnerability in Citirx Workspace app for Windows. This issue affects Workspace app for Windows: before 2603.11 Current Release (CR), before 2507.1 LTSR CU3, and before LTSR 2607.
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Medium 6.9
Out-of-bounds read and integer underflow vulnerability in QNdefNfcTextRecord impacts Qt NFC module
An out-of-bounds read in Qt NFC's language code length parsing allows a physically proximate attacker to cause a denial of service or limited memory disclosure via a crafted NFC tag.
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Low 3.7
PCRE2 before 10.48 has a pcre2_match out-of-bounds read during the PCRE2_MATCH_INVALID_UTF matching of an invalid UTF s…
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Low 2.9
PCRE2 before 10.48 has a pcre2_match out-of-bounds read after a JIT fallback when an attacker can provide invalid UTF d…
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Medium 6.0
Netskope Endpoint DLP Service Out-of-Bounds Read Leading to Process Crash
Netskope was notified of an out-of-bounds heap read affecting the Endpoint DLP (EPDLP) service of the Netskope Client. A local standard user could potentially send a specially crafted message that is not properly validated with a bounds check, likely crashing…
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Medium 5.9
GoBGP: BGP OPEN capability parser may read capability values outside declared CapLen boundaries
GoBGP is an open source Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) implementation in the Go Programming Language. Versions prior to 4.6.0 contain a BGP OPEN capability parsing issue where several concrete capability decoders may parse data from the full remaining capabili…
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Medium 6.9
Tesseract: Denial of service via empty-stack dereference in Plumbing/Series at model load
Tesseract is an open source OCR engine. In version 5.5.3 and earlier, Plumbing::DeSerialize in src/lstm/plumbing.cpp rejects excessively large network stacks but accepts a zero-length stack for NT_SERIES, NT_PARALLEL, or NT_REVERSED layers in a crafted .train…
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High 8.2
zstd-jni 1.5.5-6 through 1.5.7-13 Out-of-Bounds Read via Negative Offset
zstd-jni versions 1.5.5-6 through 1.5.7-13 contain an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in Zstd.getFrameContentSize that fails to validate negative srcPosition arguments. Attackers can supply negative offset values that bypass bounds checks and reach the nativ…
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High 8.6
Tesseract: Heap out-of-bounds write/read in FullyConnected::Forward via layer/weight-matrix dimension mismatch
Tesseract is an open source OCR engine. In version 5.5.3 and earlier, FullyConnected::DeSerialize in src/lstm/fullyconnected.cpp does not validate the deserialized layer scalars ni_ and no_ against the weight-matrix dimensions. During FullyConnected::Forward,…
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High 7.1
ESP32-audioI2S 3.4.4 through 4.0.0 Heap-based Out-of-Bounds Read via Shadowed Length Parameter in read_ID3_Header
ESP32-audioI2S versions 3.4.4 through 4.0.0 contain a heap-based out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the read_ID3_Header function due to a shadowed length parameter in ID3 synchronized-lyrics processing. Attackers can craft malicious MP3 files or HTTP audio s…
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Medium 4.3
An out-of-bounds read vulnerability was discovered in the Bosch BME690 SensorAPI (C-driver) in version v1.0.3 and prior…
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High 7.5
An out-of-bounds read vulnerability exists in the xls_dumpSummary() function of libxls 1.6.3 due to insufficient valida…
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Medium 4.3
Cups: openprinting cups: heap out-of-bounds read in cupsutf32toutf8() via missing source-length bound
The cupsUTF32ToUTF8() function in CUPS's cups/transcode.c lacks a source-length bound and can read past the end of the source buffer, resulting in a heap out-of-bounds read. This is reachable via SNMP supply-description parsing in backend/snmp-supplies.c with…
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Critical 9.1
Fast-DDS Discovery Server: Out-of-Bounds Read & Heap Memory Disclosure via DATA_FRAG sampleSize / fragmentsInSubmessage
eprosima Fast DDS is a C++ implementation of the DDS (Data Distribution Service) standard of the OMG (Object Management Group). Versions prior to 2.6.12, 2.14.6, 3.2.4, 3.3.1, and 3.4.2 have a remotely triggerable Out-of-Bounds Read while processing RTPS `DAT…
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High 7.5
zstd-jni 1.3.3-1 through 1.5.7-13 Out-of-Bounds Read via Zstd.trainFromBufferDirect
zstd-jni before 1.5.7-14 fails to validate the samples buffer capacity in Zstd.trainFromBufferDirect, allowing attackers to read past buffer boundaries by supplying oversized per-sample lengths. Attackers can trigger out-of-bounds memory access by providing c…