Weakness (CWE)
CWE-125: Out-of-bounds Read
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
How to prevent it (2 mitigations)
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
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Architecture and Design
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
Source: MITRE CWE-125
6,275 results · Feed
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Medium 4.7
Out-of-bounds Read in Wireshark
Bluetooth Attribute Protocol dissector crash in 4.6.0 to 4.6.7 and 4.4.0 to 4.4.18 allows denial of service
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Medium 6.5
Windows App for Mac Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Out-of-bounds read in Remote Desktop Client allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over a network.
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Medium 5.4
IBM i Denial of Service
IBM i 7.6, 7.5, 7.4, and 7.3 could allow a remote authenticated attacker to cause a denial of service and obtain sensitive information due to an out-of-bounds read.
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High 8.2
Power System Out-of-bounds Read
IBM PowerVM Hypervisor FW1120.00, FW1110.00 through FW1110.30, FW1060.00 through FW1060.80, and FW950.00 through FW950.H2 is affected by a vulnerability in the service processor mailbox interface. An attacker with authenticated service-level access to the FSP…
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Low 3.3
Vulnerabilities in IBM AIX and PowerVM VIOS
IBM AIX 7.2, and 7.3 and IBM PowerVM VIOS 4.1 could allow a local attacker to obtain sensitive information due to an out-of-bounds read.
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Medium 6.5
Power System Out-of-bounds Read
IBM PowerVM Hypervisor FW1120.00, FW1110.00 through FW1110.30, FW1060.00 through FW1060.80, and FW950.00 through FW950.H2 is affected by a vulnerability in partition firmware during network boot. An unauthenticated attacker with access to the same network as …
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Medium 5.5
Vulnerabilities in IBM AIX and PowerVM VIOS
IBM AIX 7.2, and 7.3 and IBM PowerVM VIOS 4.1 could allow a local attacker to obtain sensitive information due to an out-of-bounds read.
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Medium 4.8
Vulnerabilities in IBM AIX and PowerVM VIOS
IBM AIX 7.2, and 7.3 and IBM PowerVM VIOS 4.1 could allow a remote attacker to cause a denial of service due to an out-of-bounds read.
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Critical 9.4
Vulnerabilities in IBM AIX and PowerVM VIOS
IBM AIX 7.2, and 7.3 and IBM PowerVM VIOS 4.1 could allow a remote attacker to obtain sensitive information due to an integer underflow in the IPv4 IP-options parser.
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Medium 5.3
Vulnerabilities in IBM AIX and PowerVM VIOS
IBM AIX 7.2, and 7.3 and IBM PowerVM VIOS 4.1 could allow a remote attacker to disclose kernel memory due to an out-of-bounds read.
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High 7.3
Power System Out-of-bounds Read
IBM Power Systems Firmware FW950.00 through FW950.H2, OP940.00 through OP940.a1 (Power9), and OP940.00 - OP940.81 (Power HMC) is affected by a vulnerability in host firmware NVRAM parsing. An attacker with root access to a guest partition on an OpenPOWER syst…
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High 7.6
Power System Out-of-bounds Read
IBM Power Systems Firmware FW1120.00, FW1110.00 through FW1110.30, FW1060.00 through FW1060.80, and FW950.00 through FW950.H2 is affected by a vulnerability in the ASMI web interface. An unauthenticated attacker on the management network can cause the ASMI we…
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High 7.2
FreeRDP: Out-of-bounds read in H.264 YUV-to-RGB conversion due to decoder/surface dimension mismatch
FreeRDP is a free implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol. Prior to 3.27.0, FreeRDP H.264 decoder backends can return YUV planes sized from the bitstream without comparing the decoded width and height to the RDPGFX surface dimensions used to validate re…
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Medium 5.4
FreeRDP: Out-of-bounds read in glyph_cache_get via crafted glyph fragments
FreeRDP is a free implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol. Prior to 3.27.0, the glyph_cache_get function in libfreerdp/cache/glyph.c checks whether index is greater than cache->number instead of greater than or equal to it. A malicious RDP server can us…
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High 7.1
FFmpeg Out-of-Bounds Read in AV1 RTP Packetizer via rtpenc_av1.c
FFmpeg before commit 983dae9 contains an out-of-bounds read in the AV1 RTP packetizer (libavformat/rtpenc_av1.c). The keyframe detection loop that searches for a sequence header OBU advanced its pointer and remaining-size counter by the encoded header length …
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High 8.1
FFmpeg Out-of-Bounds Read in DASH Demuxer via dashdec.c
FFmpeg before commit 65b0dab contains an out-of-bounds read in the DASH demuxer (libavformat/dashdec.c). When a live DASH manifest is refreshed with a startNumber that is lower than the previous value, the current sequence number is driven negative. The fragm…
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High 7.8
Heap out-of-bounds access in semctl(2)
The GETALL and SETALL commands in semctl(2) recorded the number of semaphores in the target set, dropped the lock protecting the set, allocated a buffer sized for that count, and reacquired the lock. A sequence-number check was used to verify that the set had…
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Medium 6.1
Swtpm: swtpm: out-of-bounds read in swtpm_nvram_checkheader due to sizeof(pointer) vs sizeof(struct) mismatch
An out-of-bounds read vulnerability was found in swtpm's SWTPM_NVRAM_CheckHeader() function. The entry guard checks the buffer length against sizeof(bh), where bh is a pointer, instead of sizeof(*bh), the actual struct size. This allows an undersized buffer t…
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Medium 5.3
libheif: Heap out of bounds write in libheif uncompressed encoder when writing images with mismatched auxiliary alpha dimensions
libheif is a HEIF and AVIF file format decoder and encoder. In 1.23.0 and earlier, a crafted image sequence with a 2x2 primary plane and a 256x256 auxiliary alpha plane can cause attacker-controlled heap corruption during a normal decode and re-encode workflo…
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High 8.7
libheif: Out-of-bounds read in uncompressed unci tile range slicing
libheif is a HEIF and AVIF file format decoder and encoder. From 1.19.0 until 1.23.1, a crafted uncompressed HEIF image using generic zlib unci full-item compression can crash an application that decodes an advertised tile with heif_image_handle_decode_image_…
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Medium 6.5
Out-of-bounds read in Zephyr PTP message parsing from unvalidated message type
Zephyr's Precision Time Protocol receive handler ptp_msg_post_recv() in subsys/net/lib/ptp/msg.c takes the 4-bit message type straight off the wire via ptp_msg_type() (msg->header.type_major_sdo_id & 0xF, range 0-15) and uses it to index the msg_size[] table.…
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Medium 4.0
adaguc-server GeoJSON coordinate parser (CConvertGeoJSON.cpp) vulnerable to out-of-bounds read and NULL pointer dereference
Adaguc-server is an open source geographical information system to visualize, combine, compare and share real-time meteorological, climatological and remote sensing data via OGC standards. Versions prior to 7.2.2 crash with a memory-safety fault when it parse…
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Low 3.3
libmodplug <= 0.8.9.1 - Out-of-Bounds Read in pat_smplooped via Crafted MIDI File
libmodplug through 0.8.9.1 contains an out-of-bounds read in pat_smplooped in src/load_pat.cpp. The function validates only the upper bound of its sample index against MAXSMP and then subtracts one before indexing the 191-byte static array pat_loops, so an in…
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Medium 6.5
yawkat LZ4 Java: JVM Crash via Null Byte Array in lz4-java Streaming XXHash JNI (StreamingXXHash32JNI / StreamingXXHash64JNI)
yawkat LZ4 Java provides LZ4 compression for Java. Prior to 1.11.1, JNI-backed XXHash implementations fail to validate the byte array object and the off and len arguments in XXHashFactory.nativeInstance().hash32().hash(), XXHashFactory.nativeInstance().hash64…
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Low 3.3
ONNX: Heap-Buffer-Overflow READ in Gemm Version Converter Adapter via Undersized Input Shape
Open Neural Network Exchange (ONNX) is an open standard for machine learning interoperability. From 1.3.0 until 1.22.0, onnx.version_converter.convert_version() can perform an out-of-bounds read in Gemm_7_6::adapt_gemm_7_6() in onnx/version_converter/adapters…
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Medium 6.3
Bluez: bluez: out-of-bounds read in avrcp parse_media_element and parse_media_folder
A flaw was found in BlueZ. Insufficient validation of packet length fields in GetFolderItems responses within the Audio/Video Remote Control Profile (AVRCP) implementation allows a malicious Bluetooth device within range to cause an out-of-bounds memory read.…
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Medium 6.8
Use-after-free read in script item/preprocessing HttpRequest body
A Zabbix administrator is able to read out of bounds memory by utilizing a flaw in script item/preprocessing (JavaScript) HttpRequest logic, leading to potential confidentiality loss.
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Medium 4.3
EricLBuehler Mistral.rs GGUF Tokenizer gguf_tokenizer.rs convert_gguf_to_hf_tokenizer out-of-bounds
A vulnerability was detected in EricLBuehler Mistral.rs up to 0.8.22. Affected by this issue is the function convert_gguf_to_hf_tokenizer of the file mistralrs-core/src/gguf/gguf_tokenizer.rs of the component GGUF Tokenizer. The manipulation of the argument e…
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Medium 4.3
An out-of-bounds access issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in Safari 26.6.1, iOS 18…
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Medium 6.6CVE-2026-65349 Public exploit
An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in iOS 26.6.1 and iPadOS 26.6.1…
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High 8.2
Deskflow - Unauthenticated server-controlled out-of-bounds read in ServerProxy::setOptions / translateKey modifier-table indexing
Deskflow is a keyboard and mouse sharing app. Prior to continuous build 1.26.0.299, a remote unauthenticated Deskflow server can send kMsgDSetOptions (DSOP) values to ServerProxy::setOptions() in src/lib/client/ServerProxy.cpp so that the value following a mo…
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High 8.2
Deskflow: Odd-length DSOP options vector causes out-of-bounds read in Deskflow client
Deskflow is a keyboard and mouse sharing app. From 1.17.0 until continuous build 1.26.0.296, a malicious Deskflow server can send an odd-length DSOP vector to ServerProxy::setOptions() in src/lib/client/ServerProxy.cpp, causing the missing value after the fin…
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High 7.5
TIER IV Nebula 1.2.0 Heap Out-of-Bounds Read via VLP32 UDP Decoder
TIER IV Nebula through 1.2.0 contains an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the Vlp32Decoder::unpack() function that allows unauthenticated remote attackers to cause the decoder to read past the end of a received UDP buffer into adjacent heap memory by sendi…
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High 7.5
Belledonne Communications bcg729 1.1.2 Out-of-Bounds Read via decodeSIDframe()
Belledonne Communications bcg729 through 1.1.2 contains an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the decodeSIDframe() function in src/cng.c that allows unauthenticated network-adjacent attackers to trigger a heap read beyond buffer boundaries by sending a zero-…
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Medium 4.3
6LoWPAN IPHC uncompression out-of-bounds read on reserved destination addressing mode
Zephyr's 6LoWPAN IP Header Compression (IPHC) uncompression code contains an out-of-bounds read in get_ihpc_inlined_size() (subsys/net/ip/6lo.c). The destination inline size is looked up in da_inline_size_table, which has 13 entries, using an index built from…
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High 7.3
Memory corruption vulnerability in Endpoint Privilege Management (Windows deployments)
A memory-corruption vulnerability exists in a kernel-mode component of BeyondTrust Endpoint Privilege Management (Windows deployments) prior to version 26.1.2. Insufficient validation of input processed by the component may result in memory being accessed out…
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Low 3.5
TrailDB TOC Validation tdb.c tdb_open out-of-bounds
A vulnerability was detected in TrailDB 0.6. Impacted is the function tdb_open of the file /src/tdb.c of the component TOC Validation. The manipulation results in out-of-bounds read. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit is now public and …
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High 8.8
dm era: fix out-of-bounds memory access for non-zero start sector
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: dm era: fix out-of-bounds memory access for non-zero start sector dm-era tracks writes in target-relative blocks, but era_map() calculates the writeset block before applying the target offset…
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Critical 9.8
scsi: target: Bound PR-OUT TransportID parsing to the received buffer
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: scsi: target: Bound PR-OUT TransportID parsing to the received buffer core_scsi3_decode_spec_i_port() and core_scsi3_emulate_register_and_move() hand the raw PERSISTENT RESERVE OUT parameter …
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High 8.8
net: wwan: iosm: bound device offsets in the MUX downlink decoder
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: wwan: iosm: bound device offsets in the MUX downlink decoder mux_dl_adb_decode() walks a chain of aggregated datagram tables using offsets and lengths taken from the modem. first_table_i…