Weakness (CWE)
CWE-125: Out-of-bounds Read
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
How to prevent it (2 mitigations)
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
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Architecture and Design
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
Source: MITRE CWE-125
6,255 results · Feed
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Medium 6.3
FastStone Image Viewer Box-Average Downsampler FUN_0062d96c out-of-bounds
A vulnerability was identified in FastStone Image Viewer up to 8.5. Affected is the function FUN_0062d96c of the component Box-Average Downsampler Engine. The manipulation leads to out-of-bounds read. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The vendor…
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Medium 6.2
ONNX: Out-of-bounds read in ConvTranspose shape inference via undersized weight rank
Open Neural Network Exchange (ONNX) is an open standard for machine learning interoperability. From 1.2.1 until 1.22.0, ConvTranspose shape inference processes a weight tensor with fewer than three dimensions without a kernel_shape attribute by deriving an em…
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Medium 6.2
ONNX: Out-of-Bounds Read in RNN/GRU/LSTM Shape Inference (Old Opsets, Missing Rank Check)
Open Neural Network Exchange (ONNX) is an open standard for machine learning interoperability. Prior to 1.22.0, RNNShapeInference_opset1_to_6() processes malformed RNN and LSTM nodes from opsets 1 through 6 and GRU nodes from opsets 3 through 6 without verify…
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Medium 6.5
Arm Keil MDK-Middleware 8.0.0-8.3.0 may allow DHCPv6 Option-Walk Over-Reads and Unintended Data Retransmission
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Low 3.7
Open5GS 2.6.1 through 2.8.0 Out-of-Bounds Read via parse_scheme_output
Open5GS 2.6.1 through 2.8.0 contains an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in parse_scheme_output() in lib/sbi/conv.c during SUCI de-concealment due to incomplete length validation. Remote unauthenticated UEs or SBI peers can submit a crafted SUCI with a 42-byt…
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Medium 4.6CVE-2026-116487 Public exploit
NXP MCUXpresso SDK USB Middleware before 2.13.0 RNDIS Out-of-Bounds Read
NXP MCUXpresso SDK USB middleware (mcuxsdk-middleware-usb) before 2.13.0 contains an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in USB_DeviceCdcRndisSetCommand() that trusts a host-supplied informationBufferOffset. A malicious USB host can send RNDIS SET messages for O…
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Low 2.0
Out-of-bounds read vulnerability in QCborValue::fromCbor() impacts Qt Framework
Specially crafted CBOR input passed to QCborValue::fromCbor() in Qt Core can cause an out-of-bounds read, which may crash the application and could expose information.
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Low 3.5
libimobiledevice AFC File afc.c afc_file_open out-of-bounds
A security vulnerability has been detected in libimobiledevice up to 1.4.0. Impacted is the function afc_file_open of the file src/afc.c of the component AFC File Handler. The manipulation of the argument bytes leads to out-of-bounds read. It is possible to i…
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High 7.1
Multiple Out-of-Bounds Reads in Frame Processing
SOEM version 2.0.0 and earlier contains multiple vulnerabilities in frame processing where a malicious device can cause the master to read data outside allocated buffers. The software uses length and offset values from device messages without validating them …
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Medium 6.5
Out-of-Bounds Read via Unchecked Length Values
SOEM version 2.0.0 and earlier contains vulnerabilities where a malicious device can send messages that cause the master to read data from memory locations beyond the intended buffer. The software uses length values from device responses without validating th…
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High 7.8
V-SFT provided by FUJI ELECTRIC CO., LTD. contains an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in VS6ComFile!CCheck::ItemCheck.…
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High 7.8
V-SFT provided by FUJI ELECTRIC CO., LTD. contains an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in VS6EditData!CDataRomErrorChec…
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High 7.8
V-SFT provided by FUJI ELECTRIC CO., LTD. contains an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in VS6EditData!CDataRomErrorChec…
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High 7.8
V-SFT provided by FUJI ELECTRIC CO., LTD. contains an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in VS6MemInIF!set_temp_type_defa…
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High 7.8
V-SFT provided by FUJI ELECTRIC CO., LTD. contains an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in VS6ComFile!load_gr_item. Open…
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Medium 6.5
libosmocore through 1.14.1 contains an out-of-bounds read in the CBSP WRITE-REPLACE decoder in src/gsm/cbsp.c. This all…
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High 7.5
libosmo-sigtran through 2.2.1 contains an out-of-bounds read in the M3UA NOTIFY decoder in src/m3ua.c. This allows a re…
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High 7.5
libosmocore through 1.14.1 contains out-of-bounds reads in the IPA CCM identity-tag parsers in src/gsm/ipa.c. This allo…
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High 7.5
libosmocore through 1.14.1 contains an out-of-bounds read in iuup_rx_initialization() in src/gsm/iuup.c. This allows a …
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Medium 6.5
OpenJPEG 2.4.0 through 2.5.4, and git master through commit 8314119b, contains an out-of-bounds read and write in opj_d…
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Low 3.3
ImageMagick before 7.1.2-33 Heap Buffer Over-Read via Minimum-Bounding-Box
ImageMagick before 7.1.2-33 contains a heap buffer over-read vulnerability that allows attackers to read beyond allocated memory when printing a minimum-bounding-box. Attackers can supply a crafted image that triggers the over-read during minimum-bounding-box…
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Medium 5.3
Kakao khaiii JSON Config File Linear.cpp open out-of-bounds
A security flaw has been discovered in Kakao khaiii up to 0.4. The impacted element is the function khaiii::nn::Linear::open of the file src/main/cpp/khaiii/nn/Linear.cpp of the component JSON Config File Handler. The manipulation of the argument hidden_dim/c…
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High 8.7
odhcpd DHCPv6 Short IA_NA/IA_PD Body Stack Disclosure
odhcpd is the DHCPv6, DHCPv4, and router-advertisement server used by OpenWrt. From version 17.01.0 to before version 25.12.3, odhcpd's DHCPv6 IA parser accepts an IA_NA or IA_PD option whose body is shorter than struct dhcpv6_ia_hdr, casts the option header …
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High 7.1
Open-iscsi: open-iscsi: ipv6 neighbor discovery missing option length validation in iscsiuio allows arp table poisoning
A flaw was found in the iscsiuio component of open-iscsi. The IPv6 Neighbor Discovery handler accesses link-layer address options at a fixed offset without verifying the packet contains them. Additionally, the ARP table is updated unconditionally with attacke…
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Medium 6.3
Open-iscsi: open-iscsi: dhcpv6 vendor option strlen heap out-of-bounds read and 1-byte write in iscsiuio
A flaw was found in the iscsiuio component of open-iscsi. The DHCPv6 option parser calls strlen() on raw network data without ensuring a NUL terminator is present, causing it to read past the buffer into heap memory. This can result in a daemon crash, a 1-byt…
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High 7.6
Open-iscsi: open-iscsi: dhcpv4 option parser heap out-of-bounds read in iscsiuio parse_msg
A flaw was found in the iscsiuio component of open-iscsi. The DHCPv4 option parser incorrectly calculates the length of the options data, causing it to read beyond the allocated buffer into adjacent heap memory. An attacker on the same network segment can sen…
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Low 3.7
Mod_qos: out-of-bounds reads in response-body substring matching
A flaw was found in mod_qos. When inspecting HTTP response bodies, improper boundary checking can cause the module to read memory outside allocated buffer boundaries. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this vulnerability by triggering specifically…
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Critical 9.8
Pillow multi-frame loaders can reuse stale native image storage after mode transitions
Pillow is a Python imaging library. From 11.0.0 until 13.0.0, multi-frame loaders can retain an ImagingCore allocation created for a narrow frame mode while a later frame of the same dimensions changes the logical mode and decoder tiles to wider RGB or CMYK d…
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High 7.1
Pillow: Heap over-read in WMF/EMF rendering via 16-bit dimension truncation (Windows builds)
Pillow is a Python imaging library. Prior to 13.0.0 on Windows, src/PIL/WmfImagePlugin.py passes unchecked 32-bit WMF or EMF dimensions to the native drawwmf handler in src/display.c. The handler sizes a DIB allocation from 16-bit-truncated bcWidth and bcHeig…
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Low 3.5
Out-of-bounds read in Bluetooth Classic A2DP codec information element handling
The Bluetooth Classic A2DP host stores a codec Information Element (IE) in struct bt_a2dp_codec_ie, a one-byte len field plus a fixed 8-byte codec_ie[] array. When an AVDTP peer sent a codec IE longer than 8 bytes, a2dp_process_config_ind() in subsys/bluetoot…
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Low 3.9
Electron: Off-screen rendering on macOS trusts GPU-supplied frame geometry
Electron is a framework for writing cross-platform desktop applications using JavaScript, HTML and CSS. Prior to versions 42.11.6, 43.7.3, 44.4.3, and 45.0.0-alpha.9, frame data received from the GPU process for macOS offscreen rendering was not fully validat…
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Low 3.9
Electron: Frame subscription trusts GPU-supplied frame geometry
Electron is a framework for writing cross-platform desktop applications using JavaScript, HTML and CSS. Prior to versions 42.11.6, 43.7.3, 44.4.3, and 45.0.0-alpha.9, frame data received from the GPU process for webContents.beginFrameSubscription was not full…
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High 7.5
Out-of-bounds Read in ntpsec
Out-of-bounds read in NTS extension field parsing in NTPsec ntpd 1.1.4 through 1.2.5 allows a remote attacker to crash the daemon via an NTS Authenticator and Encrypted Extension Fields (AEEF) field with an oversized nonce length.
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Medium 5.2
Out-of-bounds Read in ntpsec
Out-of-bounds read in the Motorola Oncore refclock driver in NTPsec ntpd before 1.2.6 allows an attacker who controls the GPS receiver's serial data to crash ntpd or disclose memory via a PPS Control (@@Gc) reply with an out-of-range mode byte.
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Medium 4.3
Apache bRPC: Out-of-bounds read via non-object fields in Discovery naming-service reply parsing
The Discovery naming-service reply parser in Apache bRPC (versions < 1.18.0) calls RapidJSON object-only accessors (FindMember) on JSON values without first validating that those values are objects. A malformed Discovery response whose data/service members or…
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High 7.5
Apache bRPC: Out-of-bounds Read in Multi-stream RPC Response Handling
An out-of-bounds read vulnerability exists in the streaming RPC client of Apache bRPC (versions 1.11.0 through 1.17.0) on all platforms. A client that creates multiple streams in a single RPC expects the server response to carry exactly one extra_stream_id f…
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High 7.5
Apache bRPC: Out-of-bounds Read in URL and Header Lookup Tables on Unsigned-char Platforms
Out-of-bounds reads in URL parsing and case-insensitive header lookup in Apache bRPC before version 1.18.0 on platforms where plain char is unsigned, such as ARM64, allow remote attackers to cause a process crash and denial of service by sending crafted input…
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High 7.5
Apache bRPC: Integer Underflow and Out-of-Bounds Read in HTTP/2 DATA Frame Parser
Integer underflow and out-of-bounds read in the HTTP/2 server DATA frame parser in Apache bRPC allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to cause denial of service by sending a malformed DATA frame with the PADDED flag set and a zero-length payload. Root Caus…
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High 8.7
JITServer: Multiple Denial of Service vulnerabilities via out-of-bounds heap reads during message and reply parsing
In Eclipse OpenJ9 versions up to 0.63.0, the JITServer component is vulnerable to denial of service due to improper boundary checks during protocol message and reply handling. An unauthenticated remote attacker or malicious JITServer can transmit malformed ne…
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High 8.7
JITServer: Pre-authentication remote crash via integer underflow and out-of-bounds heap read in DataDescriptor deserialization
In Eclipse OpenJ9 versions prior to 0.63.0, the JITServer component fails to perform cross-field validation on attacker-controlled `_size`, `_paddingSize`, and `_dataOffset` fields during `DataDescriptor` message deserialization. An unauthenticated remote att…