Weakness (CWE)
CWE-155: Improper Neutralization of Wildcards or Matching Symbols
The product receives input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could be interpreted as wildcards or matching symbols when they are sent to a downstream component.
How to prevent it (4 mitigations)
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Developers should anticipate that wildcard or matching elements will be injected/removed/manipulated in the input vectors of their product. Use an appropriate combination of denylists and allowlists to ensure only valid, expected and appropriate input is processed by the system.
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
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Implementation
While it is risky to use dynamically-generated query strings, code, or commands that mix control and data together, sometimes it may be unavoidable. Properly quote arguments and escape any special characters within those arguments. The most conservative approach is to escape or filter all characters that do not pass an extremely strict allowlist (such as everything that is not alphanumeric or white space). If some special characters are still needed, such as white space, wrap each argument in quotes after the escaping/filtering step. Be careful of argument injection (CWE-88).
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Implementation
Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist validation schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked.
Source: MITRE CWE-155
21 results · Feed
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Critical 9.6
Moquette pattern ACL wildcard injection allows cross-tenant authorization bypass
Moquette is a lightweight Java MQTT broker. Prior to 0.18.1, when pattern-based ACL rules are configured, AuthorizationsCollector.canDoOperation substitutes client ID and username values directly into rules containing %c or %u and then treats the result as an…
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High 8.1
Open WebUI: Sign-in as another user via wildcard characters in the OAuth subject claim on SQLite
Open WebUI is an extensible, feature-rich, and user-friendly self-hosted AI platform. From 0.6.41 until 0.11.1, get_user_by_oauth_sub and get_user_by_scim_external_id in backend/open_webui/models/users.py used JSON contains matching that compiled to SQL LIKE …
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Low 2.0
Pyenv: Glob/wildcard metacharacters bypass is_version_safe(), causing silent version/interpreter substitution via unquoted expansion (CVE-2022-35861 residual)
Pyenv provides simple Python version management. Prior to 2.8.0, is_version_safe() in libexec/pyenv-version-file-read accepts shell glob metacharacters in .python-version values, and unquoted PYENV_VERSION expansion in libexec/pyenv-version-name, libexec/pyen…
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Medium 6.3
Shescape: Path disclosure on Unix with Zsh
Shescape is a simple shell escape library for JavaScript. Prior to 2.1.14 and 3.0.1, this impacts users of Shescape on Unix systems that explicitly configure shell to Zsh, or true when the default shell is Zsh, using the escape and escapeAll. The Zsh options …
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Medium 4.3
ClipBucket: SQL Wildcard Injection in Subtitle Edit Endpoint Allows Mass Subtitle Overwrite
ClipBucket v5 is an open source video sharing platform. Prior to version 5.5.3 - #141, ClipBucket v5 contains an improper neutralization of SQL wildcard characters in the subtitle editing endpoint. An authenticated user can send a % character as the number pa…
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High —
AWS-LC X.509 Name Constraints Bypass via Wildcard/Unicode CN
### Summary AWS-LC is an open-source, general-purpose cryptographic library. ### Impact A logic error in CN (Common Name) validation allows certificates with wildcard or raw UTF-8 Unicode CN values to bypass name constraints enforcement. The `cn2dnsid` functi…
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High 8.7
Improper Neutralization of Wildcards or Matching Symbols in CloudEdge Online Cameras and App
The CloudEdge Cloud does not sanitize the MQTT topic input, which could allow an attacker to leverage the MQTT wildcard to receive all the messages that should be delivered to other users by subscribing to the a MQTT topic. In these messages, the attacker can…
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High 8.5
GlobalProtect: Authenticated Code Injection Through Wildcard on macOS
An improper neutralization of wildcards vulnerability in the log collection feature of Palo Alto Networks GlobalProtect™ app on macOS allows a non administrative user to escalate their privileges to root.
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Medium —
laravel-crud-wizard-free has File Validation Bypass
### Impact Medium ### Patches Version 3.4.17 fixes illuminate/validation v 8.0.0 to 11.44.0 ### Workarounds Register \MacropaySolutions\LaravelCrudWizard\Providers\ValidationServiceProvider instead of Illuminate\Validation\ValidationServiceProvider::class if …
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Medium 6.9CVE-2025-27515 Public exploit
Laravel has a File Validation Bypass
Laravel is a web application framework. When using wildcard validation to validate a given file or image field (`files.*`), a user-crafted malicious request could potentially bypass the validation rules. This vulnerability is fixed in 11.44.1 and 12.1.1.
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Medium 6.2
New Rock Technologies Cloud Connected Devices Improper Neutralization of Wildcards or Matching Symbols
The Cloud MQTT service of the affected products supports wildcard topic subscription which could allow an attacker to obtain sensitive information from tapping the service communications.
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Medium 6.5
The kubewarden-controller AdmissionPolicy and AdmissionPolicyGroup policies can be used to alter PolicyReport resources
kubewarden-controller is a Kubernetes controller that allows you to dynamically register Kubewarden admission policies. By design, AdmissionPolicy and AdmissionPolicyGroup can evaluate only namespaced resources. The resources to be evaluated are determined by…
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Medium 6.9
Expedition: Wildcard Expansion Vulnerability
A wildcard expansion vulnerability in Palo Alto Networks Expedition allows an unauthenticated attacker to enumerate files on the host filesystem.
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High 7.5
Ruijie Reyee OS Improper Neutralization of Wildcards or Matching Symbols
Ruijie Reyee OS versions 2.206.x up to but not including 2.320.x could allow an attacker to subscribe to partial possible topics in Ruijie MQTT broker, and receive partial messages being sent to and from devices.
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Medium 6.7
PAN-OS: Arbitrary File Read Vulnerability in the Command Line Interface (CLI)
An improper neutralization of matching symbols vulnerability in the Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS command line interface (CLI) enables authenticated administrators (including read-only administrators) with access to the CLI to to read arbitrary files on the firew…
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Medium 6.5
Marinus Pfund, member of the AXIS OS Bug Bounty Program, has found the VAPIX API alwaysmulti.cgi was vulnerable for fil…
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Medium 6.5
Sandro Poppi, member of the AXIS OS Bug Bounty Program, has found that the VAPIX APIs mediaclip.cgi and playclip.cgi wa…
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Medium 6.5
Sandro Poppi, member of the AXIS OS Bug Bounty Program, has found that the VAPIX APIs local_list.cgi, create_overlay.cg…
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High 8.1
Lookup operations do not take into account wildcards in SpiceDB
SpiceDB is a database system for managing security-critical application permissions. Any user making use of a wildcard relationship under the right hand branch of an `exclusion` or within an `intersection` operation will see `Lookup`/`LookupResources` return …
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Medium 6.5
Information Disclosure
It's possible to craft Lost Password requests with wildcards in the Token value, which allows attacker to retrieve valid Token(s), generated by users which already requested new passwords. This issue affects: ((OTRS)) Community Edition 5.0.41 and prior versio…
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Low 3.5
Additional information exposure with Spring Data JPA example matcher
This affects Spring Data JPA in versions up to and including 2.1.6, 2.0.14 and 1.11.20. ExampleMatcher using ExampleMatcher.StringMatcher.STARTING, ExampleMatcher.StringMatcher.ENDING or ExampleMatcher.StringMatcher.CONTAINING could return more results than a…