Weakness (CWE)
CWE-20: Improper Input Validation
The product receives input or data, but it does
not validate or incorrectly validates that the input has the
properties that are required to process the data safely and
correctly.
How to prevent it (8 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
Consider using language-theoretic security (LangSec) techniques that characterize inputs using a formal language and build "recognizers" for that language. This effectively requires parsing to be a distinct layer that effectively enforces a boundary between raw input and internal data representations, instead of allowing parser code to be scattered throughout the program, where it could be subject to errors or inconsistencies that create weaknesses. [REF-1109] [REF-1110] [REF-1111]
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Architecture and Design
Use an input validation framework such as Struts or the OWASP ESAPI Validation API. Note that using a framework does not automatically address all input validation problems; be mindful of weaknesses that could arise from misusing the framework itself (CWE-1173).
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Architecture and Design, Implementation
Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter the product, including but not limited to: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
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Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
Even though client-side checks provide minimal benefits with respect to server-side security, they are still useful. First, they can support intrusion detection. If the server receives input that should have been rejected by the client, then it may be an indication of an attack. Second, client-side error-checking can provide helpful feedback to the user about the expectations for valid input. Third, there may be a reduction in server-side processing time for accidental input errors, although this is typically a small savings.
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Implementation
When your application combines data from multiple sources, perform the validation after the sources have been combined. The individual data elements may pass the validation step but violate the intended restrictions after they have been combined.
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Implementation
Be especially careful to validate all input when invoking code that crosses language boundaries, such as from an interpreted language to native code. This could create an unexpected interaction between the language boundaries. Ensure that you are not violating any of the expectations of the language with which you are interfacing. For example, even though Java may not be susceptible to buffer overflows, providing a large argument in a call to native code might trigger an overflow.
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Implementation
Directly convert your input type into the expected data type, such as using a conversion function that translates a string into a number. After converting to the expected data type, ensure that the input's values fall within the expected range of allowable values and that multi-field consistencies are maintained.
Source: MITRE CWE-20
702 results · Clear filters · Feed
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Critical 9.0
Critical Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability reported in Windchill
A critical remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability has been reported in PTC Windchill and PTC FlexPLM. The vulnerability may be exploited through the deserialization of untrusted data.
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Critical 9.6
Improper Input Validation in Zoom Workplace for Windows may allow an unauthenticated user to conduct an escalation of p…
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Critical 9.9
LXD has arbitrary file write on client due to trusted image hash
Reported from https://github.com/lxc/incus/security/advisories/GHSA-f6m5-xw2g-xc4x ### Summary An arbitrary file write exists in the Incus client when a malicious image server returns a crafted `Incus-Image-Hash` header. This can lead to arbitrary command exe…
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Critical 9.9
LXD has argument injection in backup compression algorithm leading to AFW and ACE
Reported from https://github.com/lxc/incus/security/advisories/GHSA-v6mj-8pf4-hhw4 ### Summary Improper validation of user-provided backup compression algorithm leads to argument injection in the constructed command line. This leads to an arbitrary file write…
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Critical 9.3
MONAI: MONAILabel Server Crash and Silent Inference Corruption via Crafted DICOM (pydicom DS/IS Validation Bypass)
MONAI (Medical Open Network for AI) is an AI toolkit for health care imaging. Prior to 1.6.1, PydicomReader._get_affine() trusts non-finite values in the DICOM PixelSpacing, ImagePositionPatient, and ImageOrientationPatient fields and composes them into an af…
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Critical 9.1
dcmjs: DS/IS VALUE REPRESENTATION INPUT VALIDATION BYPASS
dcmjs is a JavaScript implementation of DICOM manipulation. Prior to 0.52.0, the DecimalString and IntegerString implementations in src/ValueRepresentation.js sanitize text with a permissive regular expression and pass the result to JavaScript's Number constr…
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Critical 9.6
Use of Hardcoded Credentials in HPE Networking Fabric Composer Could Allow Adjacent Arbitrary Code Execution
A vulnerability exists in a component of HPE Networking Fabric Composer. Successful exploitation could allow an unauthenticated adjacent attacker to execute arbitrary code on the affected system.
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Critical 9.9
SolarWinds Dameware Command Injection Vulnerability
SolarWinds Dameware was found to be affected by a command injection vulnerability that could lead to the compromise of the remotely controlled host. Authentication is required.
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Critical 9.1
Apache Arrow Rust: Improper validation of RunEndEncoded arrays allows out of bounds reads
Out-of-bounds read vulnerability in Apache Arrow Rust (`arrow` crate), from version 33.0.0 through to versions 57.3.1, 58.4.0, 59.3.1 and 60.0.0. Improper validation of RunEndEncoded arrays in the ArrayData interface can allow reading data beyond the bounds o…
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Critical 10.0CVE-2026-115905 Public exploit
zip: Critical Parser Differential & Security Control Bypass via Dual-Header Inconsistencies (Zip Cloaking) Leading to Arbitrary File Overwrite & RCE
zip is a zip library for Rust that supports reading and writing simple ZIP files. Through 9.0.4, ZipArchive treats Central Directory File Header filenames as authoritative while ZipStreamReader extracts using Local File Header filenames without reconciling th…
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Critical 9.1
Command Execution via Admin Console Input in Okta Access Gateway
An input validation issue in the Okta Access Gateway (OAG) Admin Console allows the processing of specially formatted configuration values. An authenticated administrator can leverage this to execute system commands within the context of the OAG service accou…
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Critical 9.9
Wasmtime 39.0.0 before 48.0.4 and 49.0.0 before 49.0.2 Stack Buffer Overflow
Wasmtime 39.0.0 before 48.0.4 and 49.0.0 before 49.0.2 contains a stack buffer overflow vulnerability that allows malicious guests to write ~16KB to the native stack via unvalidated async callback result types. Attackers can supply components with mistyped co…
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Critical 9.6
Improper input validation in WebAppInstalls in Google Chrome prior to 156.0.8078.47 allowed a remote attacker leveragin…
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Critical 9.6
Improper input validation in Core in Google Chrome prior to 156.0.8078.47 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised…
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Critical 9.2
Claude Agent SDK: Argument Injection via resume Option Allows Arbitrary Command Execution
Claude Agent SDK is a Python SDK for Claude Code. Prior to 0.2.121, the resume option is passed to the Claude CLI as a separate token without validation, so a dash-leading value is parsed as an independent CLI flag. An attacker can inject the --mcp-config fla…
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Critical 9.6
Improper input validation in Desktop in Google Chrome prior to 155.0.8059.84 allowed a remote attacker to potentially e…
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Critical 9.3CVE-2026-99999 Public exploit
ipv4: validate checksum_start before completing checksum
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ipv4: validate checksum_start before completing checksum If a packet with bad checksum metadata gets into the ipv4 stack, skb_checksum_help can corrupt the network header and cause a bunch of…
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Critical 9.0
ColdFusion | Improper Input Validation (CWE-20)
ColdFusion is affected by an Improper Input Validation vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to execute arbitrary code. Exploit depends on conditions beyond…
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Critical 9.1
Adobe Experience Manager | Improper Input Validation (CWE-20)
Adobe Experience Manager is affected by an Improper Input Validation vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. An attacker with high privileges could exploit this vulnerability to execute arbitrary code. E…
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Critical 9.9
Adobe Experience Manager | Improper Input Validation (CWE-20)
Adobe Experience Manager is affected by an Improper Input Validation vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user, potentially gaining elevated access or control over the victim's account or session. Exploitat…
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Critical 9.8
Windows Partition Management Driver Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Out-of-bounds read in Windows Partition Management Driver allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
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Critical 9.8
Windows Internet Information Services Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Stack-based buffer overflow in Windows Internet Information Services allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
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Critical 9.1
Adobe Commerce | Improper Input Validation (CWE-20)
Adobe Commerce is affected by an Improper Input Validation vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. An attacker with high privileges could exploit this vulnerability to execute arbitrary code. Exploitatio…
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Critical 9.8
OOB Read/Write via Negative Array Index in exllamav3_ext Kernel Table
ExLlamaV3’s EXL3 loader uses an untrusted, model-supplied index to select a CUDA kernel without first verifying that the index is within bounds. A malicious model can force the code to read and invoke an out‑of‑range function pointer, resulting in a reproduci…
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Critical 9.3
Hazelcast: Arbitrary member memory access by low-privileged client
Hazelcast is a unified real-time data platform combining stream processing with a fast data store. Prior to 5.4.5, 5.5.10, and 5.6.1, improper validation of data supplied by a malicious client able to connect to a cluster allows arbitrary reads from a cluster…
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Critical 9.6
Improper input validation in Mobile in Google Chrome on on iOS prior to 155.0.8059.39 allowed a remote attacker leverag…
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Critical 9.8
Dbit WIFI4 N300 1.0.0 devices allow the management interface to be crashed via a request (from the local Wi-Fi network)…
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Critical 9.1
MTI/A0 DHAgreement does not validate the peer's ephemeral value
Improper input validation in DHAgreement.CalculateAgreement (MTI/A0 two-pass Diffie-Hellman) in Legion of the Bouncy Castle Inc. bc-csharp before 2.7.0 allows an on-path attacker to make the local party compute an agreed value the attacker already knows, defe…
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Critical 9.6
Sandbox escape in the XUL component
Sandbox escape in the XUL component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox ESR 153.4, Thunderbird 157, Thunderbird 153.4, and Firefox 157.
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Critical 9.8CVE-2026-96760 Public exploit
Authlib library contains a signature‑verification bypass vulnerability
Authlib (v1.8.0 and below) contains a signature verification bypass vulnerability. The JsonWebSignature.deserialize_json() method accepts a JSON Serialization JWS object and returns the payload as successfully verified without checking for a signature and wit…
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Critical 9.6
SailPoint IdentityIQ Improper Form Validation Vulnerability
This vulnerability impacts all versions of IdentityIQ and allows an unauthenticated user remote code execution on the IdentityIQ server due to improper input validation of submitted web service API content.
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Critical 9.5
A remote code execution vulnerability exists due to improper input validation, which can allow an unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary commands
Improper input validation vulnerability in Citrix NetScaler ADC and Citrix NetScaler Gateway. This issue affects ADC: before 14.1-73.37, before 13.1-64.23, before 14.1-73.37 FIPS, and before 13.1.37.279 FIPS and NDcPP; Gateway: before 14.1-73.37 and before 13…
KEV Sep 27, 2026 -
Critical 9.6CVE-2026-100833 Public exploit
Contrast before 1.23.1 Image Substitution via Policy Generation
Contrast (edgelesssys/contrast) versions 1.14.0 before 1.23.1 generate runtime policies that fail to detect all container image substitutions. A bad rebase during a Kata Containers update accidentally introduced an `allow_storage` rule that accepts storage en…
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Critical 9.1
Adobe Experience Manager Forms JEE | Improper Input Validation (CWE-20)
Adobe Experience Manager Forms JEE is affected by an Improper Input Validation vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. An attacker with high privileges could exploit this vulnerability to execute arbitra…
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Critical 9.3
Adobe Connect | Improper Input Validation (CWE-20)
Adobe Connect is affected by an Improper Input Validation vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to execute arbitrary code. Exploitation of this issue requir…
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Critical 9.9
Adobe Campaign Classic (ACC) | Improper Input Validation (CWE-20)
Adobe Campaign Classic (ACC) is affected by an Improper Input Validation vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. A low-privileged attacker could exploit this vulnerability to execute arbitrary code. Expl…
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Critical 10.0CVE-2026-93952 Exploited
Security Advisory 0183
VeloCloud Orchestrator (VCO) on-prem has a security issue where this issue may allow a remote attacker to access privileged internal functionality and impact the VCO host. Successful exploitation may compromise the confidentiality, integrity, and availability…
KEV Sep 22, 2026 -
Critical 9.4
Browsertrix: Arbitrary Command Injection due to Improper Command Sanitization in Git URLs specified as Custom Behaviors
Browsertrix is a high-fidelity, browser-based crawling service for web archiving that can be self-hosted or used through Webrecorder's hosted instance. From 1.15.0 until 1.22.8, Browsertrix improperly sanitizes Git URLs specified as Custom Behaviors, allowing…
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Critical 9.1
rcourtman Pulse Quick Security Setup quick-setup fmt.Sprintf input validation
A security flaw has been discovered in rcourtman Pulse up to 6.0.4/6.1.0-rc.4. Affected by this issue is the function fmt.Sprintf of the file /api/security/quick-setup of the component Quick Security Setup Handler. The manipulation of the argument Username re…
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Critical 9.1
Cisco Identity Services Engine Hardening Release - Input Validation Vulnerabilities
As part of Cisco's ongoing commitment to proactive security and product quality, the Cisco Identity Services Engine (ISE) and Cisco ISE Passive Identity Connector (ISE-PIC), engineering teams have conducted a comprehensive internal security review. This revie…