Weakness (CWE)
CWE-20: Improper Input Validation
The product receives input or data, but it does
not validate or incorrectly validates that the input has the
properties that are required to process the data safely and
correctly.
How to prevent it (8 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
Consider using language-theoretic security (LangSec) techniques that characterize inputs using a formal language and build "recognizers" for that language. This effectively requires parsing to be a distinct layer that effectively enforces a boundary between raw input and internal data representations, instead of allowing parser code to be scattered throughout the program, where it could be subject to errors or inconsistencies that create weaknesses. [REF-1109] [REF-1110] [REF-1111]
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Architecture and Design
Use an input validation framework such as Struts or the OWASP ESAPI Validation API. Note that using a framework does not automatically address all input validation problems; be mindful of weaknesses that could arise from misusing the framework itself (CWE-1173).
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Architecture and Design, Implementation
Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter the product, including but not limited to: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
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Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
Even though client-side checks provide minimal benefits with respect to server-side security, they are still useful. First, they can support intrusion detection. If the server receives input that should have been rejected by the client, then it may be an indication of an attack. Second, client-side error-checking can provide helpful feedback to the user about the expectations for valid input. Third, there may be a reduction in server-side processing time for accidental input errors, although this is typically a small savings.
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Implementation
When your application combines data from multiple sources, perform the validation after the sources have been combined. The individual data elements may pass the validation step but violate the intended restrictions after they have been combined.
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Implementation
Be especially careful to validate all input when invoking code that crosses language boundaries, such as from an interpreted language to native code. This could create an unexpected interaction between the language boundaries. Ensure that you are not violating any of the expectations of the language with which you are interfacing. For example, even though Java may not be susceptible to buffer overflows, providing a large argument in a call to native code might trigger an overflow.
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Implementation
Directly convert your input type into the expected data type, such as using a conversion function that translates a string into a number. After converting to the expected data type, ensure that the input's values fall within the expected range of allowable values and that multi-field consistencies are maintained.
Source: MITRE CWE-20
702 results · Clear filters · Feed
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Critical 9.1
Verification requests (magic link) sent to unwanted emails
NextAuth.js is a complete open source authentication solution for Next.js applications. `next-auth` users who are using the `EmailProvider` either in versions before `4.10.3` or `3.29.10` are affected. If an attacker could forge a request that sent a comma-se…
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Critical 9.8CVE-2022-35649 Public exploit
Moodle PostScript Code Injection
The vulnerability was found in Moodle, occurs due to improper input validation when parsing PostScript code. An omitted execution parameter results in a remote code execution risk for sites running GhostScript versions older than 9.50. Successful exploitation…
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Critical 9.8
Improper Input Validation in IpMatcher
An Input Validation Vulnerability exists in Joel Christner .NET C# packages WatsonWebserver, IpMatcher 1.0.4.1 and below (IpMatcher) and 4.1.3 and below (WatsonWebserver) due to insufficient validation of input IP addresses and netmasks against the internal M…
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Critical 9.9
Multiple improper input validation vulnerabilities exists in the libnvram.so nvram_import functionality of InHand Netwo…
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Critical 9.9
Multiple improper input validation vulnerabilities exists in the libnvram.so nvram_import functionality of InHand Netwo…
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Critical 9.9
Multiple improper input validation vulnerabilities exists in the libnvram.so nvram_import functionality of InHand Netwo…
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Critical 9.1
Remote Code Execution in all versions of various RAD-ISM-900-EN-* devices by PHOENIX CONTACT
On various RAD-ISM-900-EN-* devices by PHOENIX CONTACT an admin user could use the traceroute utility integrated in the WebUI to execute arbitrary code with root privileges on the OS due to an improper input validation in all versions of the firmware.
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Critical 9.1
Tenant and Verifier might not use the same registrar data
Keylime does not enforce that the agent registrar data is the same when the tenant uses it for validation of the EK and identity quote and the verifier for validating the integrity quote. This allows an attacker to use one AK, EK pair from a real TPM to pass …
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Critical 9.1
Improper Input Validation in httpx
Encode OSS httpx < 0.23.0 is affected by improper input validation in `httpx.URL`, `httpx.Client` and some functions using `httpx.URL.copy_with`.
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Critical 9.8
The Service Appliance component in Mitel MiVoice Connect through 19.2 SP3 allows remote code execution because of incor…
KEV Jun 27, 2022 -
Critical 9.9
Remote Code Execution in Databasir
Databasir is a team-oriented relational database model document management platform. Databasir 1.01 has remote code execution vulnerability. JDBC drivers are not validated prior to use and may be provided by users of the system. This can lead to code executio…
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Critical 9.1
Unchecked JNDI lookups in GeoWebCache
GeoWebCache is a tile caching server implemented in Java. The GeoWebCache disk quota mechanism can perform an unchecked JNDI lookup, which in turn can be used to perform class deserialization and result in arbitrary code execution. While in GeoWebCache the JN…
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Critical 9.8
Moxa NPort IAW5000A-I/O Series Serial Device Server Improper Input Validation
Improper input validation in the built-in web server in Moxa NPort IAW5000A-I/O series firmware version 2.2 or earlier may allow a remote attacker to execute commands.
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Critical 9.6
Genian NAC remote code execution vulnerability
An remote code execution vulnerability due to SSTI vulnerability and insufficient file name parameter validation was discovered in Genian NAC. Remote attackers are able to execute arbitrary malicious code with SYSTEM privileges on all connected nodes in NAC t…
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Critical 9.9
Remote Command Execution in uploading repository file in gogs/gogs
Remote Command Execution in uploading repository file in GitHub repository gogs/gogs prior to 0.12.6.
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Critical 9.8
Directory Traversal Read/Write/Delete at PluginServlet
It was discovered that the SteelCentral AppInternals Dynamic Sampling Agent's (DSA) PluginServlet has directory traversal vulnerabilities at the "/api/appInternals/1.0/plugin/pmx" API. The affected endpoint does not have any input validation of the user's inp…
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Critical 9.4
Directory Traversal Write/Delete/Partial Read at AgentConfigurationServlet
It was discovered that the SteelCentral AppInternals Dynamic Sampling Agent's (DSA) AgentConfigurationServlet has directory traversal vulnerabilities at the "/api/appInternals/1.0/agent/configuration" API. The affected endpoint does not have any input validat…
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Critical 9.8
Remote Code Execution at AgentControllerServlet
It was discovered that the SteelCentral AppInternals Dynamic Sampling Agent (DSA) has Remote Code Execution vulnerabilities in multiple instances of the API requests. The affected endpoints do not have any input validation of the user's input that allowed a m…
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Critical 9.1
Directory Traversal Delete/Read at AgentDiagnosticServlet
It was discovered that the SteelCentral AppInternals Dynamic Sampling Agent's (DSA) AgentDiagnosticServlet has directory traversal vulnerability at the "/api/appInternals/1.0/agent/diagnostic/logs" API. The affected endpoint does not have any input validation…
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Critical 9.8
Improper Input Validation in image_processing
image_processing is an image processing wrapper for libvips and ImageMagick/GraphicsMagick. Prior to version 1.12.2, using the `#apply` method from image_processing to apply a series of operations that are coming from unsanitized user input allows the attacke…
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Critical 9.4
Remote CLI Command Execution Vulnerability in CodeIgniter4
CodeIgniter4 is the 4.x branch of CodeIgniter, a PHP full-stack web framework. Prior to version 4.1.9, an improper input validation vulnerability allows attackers to execute CLI routes via HTTP request. Version 4.1.9 contains a patch. There are currently no k…
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Critical 9.8
Adobe Commerce checkout improper input validation leads to remote code execution
Adobe Commerce versions 2.4.3-p1 (and earlier) and 2.3.7-p2 (and earlier) are affected by an improper input validation vulnerability during the checkout process. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction and could result in arbitrary code e…
KEV Feb 15, 2022 -
Critical 9.3
A memory corruption vulnerability exists in the netserver parse_command_list functionality of reolink RLC-410W v3.0.0.1…
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Critical 10.0
Security Advisory for "Log4Shell"
### Impact A highly critical 0-day exploit (CVE-2021-44228) is found in Apache log4j 2 library on December 9, 2021. This affects Apache log4j versions from 2.0-beta9 to 2.14.1 (inclusive). This vulnerability allows a remote attacker to execute code on the ser…
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Critical 10.0
Remote code injection, Improper Input Validation and Uncontrolled Recursion in Log4j library
### Summary The version used of Log4j, the library used for logging by PowerNukkit, is subject to a remote code execution vulnerability via the ldap JNDI parser. It's well detailed at [CVE-2021-44228](https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-jfh8-c2jp-5v3q) and CVE…
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Critical 9.9
Remote Command Execution vulnerability
GLPI is an open source IT Asset Management, issue tracking system and service desk system. The GLPI addressing plugin in versions < 2.9.1 suffers from authenticated Remote Code Execution vulnerability, allowing access to the server's underlying operating syst…
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Critical 9.8
Apache Solr information disclosure vulnerability through DataImportHandler
An Improper Input Validation vulnerability in DataImportHandler of Apache Solr allows an attacker to provide a Windows UNC path resulting in an SMB network call being made from the Solr host to another host on the network. If the attacker has wider access to …
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Critical —
Remote Code Execution in npm-groovy-lint
Versions of npm-groovy-lint prior to 9.1.0 bundle vulnerable versions of the Log4j library which are subject to remote code execution via jndi rendering. As a result npm-groovy-lint prior to 9.1.0 is also vulnerable.
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Critical 10.0
Apache Log4j2 JNDI features do not protect against attacker controlled LDAP and other JNDI related endpoints
Apache Log4j2 2.0-beta9 through 2.15.0 (excluding security releases 2.12.2, 2.12.3, and 2.3.1) JNDI features used in configuration, log messages, and parameters do not protect against attacker controlled LDAP and other JNDI related endpoints. An attacker who …
KEV Dec 10, 2021 -
Critical 9.8
Moodle vulnerable to RCE via unsafe deserialization
A flaw was found in Moodle in versions 3.11 to 3.11.3, 3.10 to 3.10.7, 3.9 to 3.9.10 and earlier unsupported versions. A remote code execution risk when restoring backup files was identified.
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Critical 9.0
Scalable Rowhammering In the Frequency Domain to Bypass TRR Mitigations On Modern DDR4/LPDDR4X Devices
Modern DRAM devices (PC-DDR4, LPDDR4X) are affected by a vulnerability in their internal Target Row Refresh (TRR) mitigation against Rowhammer attacks. Novel non-uniform Rowhammer access patterns, consisting of aggressors with different frequencies, phases, a…
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Critical 9.8
Policies not properly enforced in OWASP Java HTML Sanitizer
The OWASP Java HTML Sanitizer before 20211018.1 does not properly enforce policies associated with the SELECT, STYLE, and OPTION elements.
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Critical 9.8
Policies not properly enforced in bluemonday
The bluemonday sanitizer before 1.0.16 for Go, and before 0.0.8 for Python (in pybluemonday), does not properly enforce policies associated with the SELECT, STYLE, and OPTION elements.
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Critical 9.8
CHANGING Inc. TSSServiSignAdapter Windows Versions - Improper Input Validation
WriteRegistry function in TSSServiSign component does not filter and verify users’ input, remote attackers can rewrite to the registry without permissions thus perform hijack attacks to execute arbitrary code.
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Critical 9.1
Magento Commerce API File Option Upload Extension Improper Input Validation Vulnerability Could Lead To Remote Code Execution
Magento Commerce versions 2.4.2 (and earlier), 2.4.2-p1 (and earlier) and 2.3.7 (and earlier) are affected by an improper input validation vulnerability in the API File Option Upload Extension. An attacker with Admin privileges can achieve unrestricted file u…
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Critical 9.1
Magento Commerce Improper Input Validation Could Lead To Remote Code Execution
Magento Commerce versions 2.4.2 (and earlier), 2.4.2-p1 (and earlier) and 2.3.7 (and earlier) are affected by an improper input validation vulnerability. An attacker with admin privileges could upload a specially crafted file in the 'pub/media` directory coul…
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Critical 9.1
Magento Commerce Improper Input Validation Could Lead To Remote Code Execution
Magento Commerce versions 2.4.2 (and earlier), 2.4.2-p1 (and earlier) and 2.3.7 (and earlier) are affected by an improper input validation vulnerability. An attacker with admin privileges can upload a specially crafted file to bypass file extension restrictio…
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Critical 9.1
Magento Commerce Customer Edition Improper Input Validation Could Lead To Remote Code Execution
Magento Commerce versions 2.4.2 (and earlier), 2.4.2-p1 (and earlier) and 2.3.7 (and earlier) are affected by an improper input validation vulnerability while saving a customer's details with a specially crafted file. An authenticated attacker with admin priv…
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Critical 9.1
Magento Commerce Stock Media Improper Input Validation Could Lead To Remote Code Execution
Magento Commerce versions 2.4.2 (and earlier), 2.4.2-p1 (and earlier) and 2.3.7 (and earlier) are affected by an improper input validation vulnerability. An attacker with admin privileges could make a crafted request to the Adobe Stock API to achieve remote c…
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Critical 9.1
Magento Commerce Improper Input Validation Could Lead To Remote Code Execution
Magento Commerce versions 2.4.2 (and earlier), 2.4.2-p1 (and earlier) and 2.3.7 (and earlier) are affected by an improper input validation vulnerability. An attacker with admin privileges can upload a specially crafted file to achieve remote code execution.