Weakness (CWE)
CWE-20: Improper Input Validation
The product receives input or data, but it does
not validate or incorrectly validates that the input has the
properties that are required to process the data safely and
correctly.
How to prevent it (8 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
Consider using language-theoretic security (LangSec) techniques that characterize inputs using a formal language and build "recognizers" for that language. This effectively requires parsing to be a distinct layer that effectively enforces a boundary between raw input and internal data representations, instead of allowing parser code to be scattered throughout the program, where it could be subject to errors or inconsistencies that create weaknesses. [REF-1109] [REF-1110] [REF-1111]
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Architecture and Design
Use an input validation framework such as Struts or the OWASP ESAPI Validation API. Note that using a framework does not automatically address all input validation problems; be mindful of weaknesses that could arise from misusing the framework itself (CWE-1173).
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Architecture and Design, Implementation
Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter the product, including but not limited to: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
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Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
Even though client-side checks provide minimal benefits with respect to server-side security, they are still useful. First, they can support intrusion detection. If the server receives input that should have been rejected by the client, then it may be an indication of an attack. Second, client-side error-checking can provide helpful feedback to the user about the expectations for valid input. Third, there may be a reduction in server-side processing time for accidental input errors, although this is typically a small savings.
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Implementation
When your application combines data from multiple sources, perform the validation after the sources have been combined. The individual data elements may pass the validation step but violate the intended restrictions after they have been combined.
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Implementation
Be especially careful to validate all input when invoking code that crosses language boundaries, such as from an interpreted language to native code. This could create an unexpected interaction between the language boundaries. Ensure that you are not violating any of the expectations of the language with which you are interfacing. For example, even though Java may not be susceptible to buffer overflows, providing a large argument in a call to native code might trigger an overflow.
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Implementation
Directly convert your input type into the expected data type, such as using a conversion function that translates a string into a number. After converting to the expected data type, ensure that the input's values fall within the expected range of allowable values and that multi-field consistencies are maintained.
Source: MITRE CWE-20
702 results · Clear filters · Feed
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Critical 9.8
An issue existed in the handling of environment variables. This issue was addressed with improved validation. This issu…
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Critical 9.9
Microsoft Surface Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Improper input validation in Microsoft Surface allows an authorized attacker to execute code over a network.
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Critical 10.0
DbGate: Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution via JSON Script Runner
DbGate is cross-platform database manager. In versions 7.1.8 and prior, DbGate's JSON script runner (`POST /runners/start`) allows remote code execution via code injection in the `functionName` parameter of JSON script `assign` commands. The `functionName` va…
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Critical 9.0CVE-2026-16723 Public exploit
Remote Code Execution in fastjson 1.2.68–1.2.83
A remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability exists in fastjson 1.2.68 through 1.2.83. This vulnerability is exploitable under fastjson's stock default configuration — no AutoType enablement required, no classpath gadget required.
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Critical 9.1
Dell PowerProtect Data Manager, versions prior to 20.2.0.0, contain(s) an Improper Input Validation vulnerability in th…
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Critical 9.1
Dell PowerProtect Data Manager, versions prior to 20.2.0.0, contain(s) an Improper Input Validation vulnerability in th…
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Critical 9.3
Insufficient validation of untrusted input in Chromecast in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.182 allowed a local attac…
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Critical 9.9
Vulnerability in the Oracle BI Publisher product of Oracle Analytics (component: Web Service API). Supported versions t…
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Critical 9.8
Piwigo RCE via PHP Code Injection into Config File in Installer
The Piwigo installer in versions 16.3.0 and earlier accepts POST parameters for database configuration and writes them directly into a PHP configuration file without proper sanitization. On PHP 8+, the `addslashes()` protection is bypassed because it checks f…
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Critical 9.0
KVM: arm64: vgic-its: Reject restored DTE with out-of-range num_eventid_bits
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: KVM: arm64: vgic-its: Reject restored DTE with out-of-range num_eventid_bits Userspace can restore an ITS Device Table Entry whose Size field encodes more EventID bits than the virtual ITS su…
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Critical 9.8
net: tls: prevent chain-after-chain in plain text SG
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: tls: prevent chain-after-chain in plain text SG Sashiko points out that if end = 0 (start != 0) the current code will create a chain link to content type right after the wrap link: This …
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Critical 9.8
wifi: iwlwifi: mld: fix TSO segmentation explosion when AMSDU is disabled
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: iwlwifi: mld: fix TSO segmentation explosion when AMSDU is disabled When the TLC notification disables AMSDU for a TID, the MLD driver sets max_tid_amsdu_len to the sentinel value 1. Th…
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Critical 10.0
@fastify/http-proxy vulnerable to prefix escape via URL-encoded characters
Impact: @fastify/http-proxy versions up to and including 11.5.0 fail to rewrite the request prefix when the prefix segment is URL-encoded. Fastify's router URL-decodes paths for route matching, but request.url retains the original encoded form, and the prefix…
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Critical 9.8
Jupyter Enterprise Gateway: ContainerProcessProxy._enforce_prohibited_ids can be Bypassed
Jupyter Enterprise Gateway launches remote Jupyter Notebook kernels across distributed clusters like Apache Spark, Kubernetes, and Docker Swarm. Versions 2.0.0rc1 and above prior to 3.3.0 have a prohibited UID and GID feature that by default prevents launchin…
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Critical 9.8
Zoom Workplace VDI Plugin for Windows - Improper Input Validation
Improper Input Validation in Zoom Desktop Client for Windows, Zoom VDI Client for Windows, and Zoom Meeting SDK for Windows may allow an unauthenticated user to conduct an account takeover via network access.
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Critical 9.0
ubuntu-pro-client Input Validation Vulnerability Leading to Arbitrary APT Directive Injection and Remote Code Execution
An input validation and injection vulnerability exists in Canonical ubuntu-pro-client (formerly ubuntu-advantage-tools). The client constructs APT source files (such as /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu-.list or their DEB822 equivalents) using data received dire…
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Critical 9.6
Better Auth: Server-side request forgery via unvalidated OIDC endpoints on @better-auth/sso provider registration
Better Auth is an authentication and authorization library for TypeScript. Prior to 1.6.11, the @better-auth/sso plugin's POST /sso/register and POST /sso/update-provider endpoints accept attacker-controlled oidcConfig.userInfoEndpoint, tokenEndpoint, and jwk…
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Critical 9.3
Illustrator | Improper Input Validation (CWE-20)
Illustrator is affected by an Improper Input Validation vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user, potentially gaining elevated access or control over the victim's account or session. Exploitation of this i…
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Critical 9.6
ColdFusion | Improper Input Validation (CWE-20)
ColdFusion is affected by an Improper Input Validation vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. The vulnerable component is restricted to an administrative network zone by default. Exploitation of this is…
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Critical 9.8
Podlove Podcast Publisher <= 4.5.1 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary File Upload via podlove_image_cache_url Parameter
The Podlove Podcast Publisher plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary file uploads due to missing file type validation in the 'podlove_handle_cache_files' function in all versions up to, and including, 4.5.1. This makes it possible for unauthenticated…
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Critical 9.3
Arbitrary file overwrite through certificate update functionality
A POST request sent to a specific webserver endpoint can be used to write to arbitrary file locations. The endpoint accepts the filename parameter in the Content-Disposition header without verification. This can be used to cause a denial of service by overwri…
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Critical 9.4
XAPI UTF-8 string handling
There are multiple issues. 1. Updates to the XAPI database sanitise input strings, but try generating the notification using the unsanitised input. This causes the database's event thread to terminate and cease further processing. 2. XAPI's UTF-8 encoder impl…
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Critical 9.8
An insufficient input validation vulnerability in the RTSP service of MERCURY MIPC252W v1.0.5 Build 230306 Rel.79931n a…
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Critical 9.1
Apache Gravitino: Unauthenticated callers can supply a malicious H2 JDBC URL through the testConnection API, which executes arbitrary Java code on the server via H2's INIT parameter
Unauthenticated callers can supply a malicious H2 JDBC URL through the testConnection API, which executes arbitrary Java code on the server via H2's INIT parameter. Vulnerability in Apache Gravitino. This issue affects Apache Gravitino: before 1.2.1. Users ar…
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Critical 10.0
ColdFusion | Improper Input Validation (CWE-20)
ColdFusion versions 2025.9, 2023.20 and earlier are affected by an Improper Input Validation vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction. Scope is…
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Critical 9.8
Apache Camel AWS2 SNS: An inbound Camel-namespace filter was added to Sns2HeaderFilterStrategy to align it with sibling components
Improper Input Validation vulnerability in Apache Camel AWS SNS component. The camel-aws2-sns component filters Camel headers through a component-specific HeaderFilterStrategy, Sns2HeaderFilterStrategy. Like the sibling Sqs2HeaderFilterStrategy, it originally…
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Critical 9.1CVE-2026-48205 Public exploit
Apache Camel DNS: The dns.* and term Exchange header constants used non-Camel-prefixed names that bypass the HTTP header filter, allowing an HTTP client to influence internal behaviour
Improper Input Validation, Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability in Apache Camel DNS component. The camel-dns producers read DNS operation parameters - the resolver to query, the name or domain to look up, the record type and class, and the search …
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Critical 9.8CVE-2026-48204 Public exploit
Apache Camel: Camel-MongoDB-GridFS: The gridfs.* control headers used non-Camel-prefixed names that bypass the HTTP header filter, allowing an HTTP client to switch the GridFS operation - including destructive file deletion - in the default configuration
Improper Input Validation, Improper Access Control vulnerability in Apache Camel in Camel Mongodb Gridfs component. The camel-mongodb-gridfs producer selects the GridFS operation to perform from the gridfs.operation Exchange header when the endpoint's operati…
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Critical 9.1CVE-2026-48203 Public exploit
Apache Camel: Camel-Solr: The SolrParam. and SolrField. Exchange header prefixes used non-Camel-prefixed names that bypass the HTTP header filter, allowing an HTTP client to inject Solr query parameters (server-side request forgery) and document fields
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection'), Improper Input Validation, Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability in Apache Camel Solr component. The camel-solr producer copies Exchange message hea…
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Critical 9.8CVE-2026-46456 Public exploit
Apache Camel: Camel-AWS2-SQS: Inbound message attributes are mapped into the Exchange without an inbound HeaderFilterStrategy, allowing a message sender to inject Camel control headers
Improper Input Validation vulnerability in Apache Camel AWS2-SQS Component. The camel-aws2-sqs component map inbound message attributes into the Camel Exchange through a component-specific HeaderFilterStrategy. Sqs2HeaderFilterStrategy configured only an outb…
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Critical 9.8CVE-2026-46454 Public exploit
Apache Camel: Camel-Cometd: Inbound Bayeux message headers are mapped into the Exchange without a HeaderFilterStrategy, allowing unauthenticated clients to inject Camel control headers
Improper Input Validation vulnerability in Apache Camel Cometd Component. The camel-cometd component maps inbound Bayeux (CometD) message headers into the Camel Exchange without applying a HeaderFilterStrategy. CometdBinding.populateExchangeFromMessage copies…
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Critical 9.2CVE-2026-59509 Scanner template
Unauthenticated arbitrary MongoDB collection read in cve-search
An unauthenticated improper input validation vulnerability in the POST /fetch_cve_data endpoint in cve-search. A remote attacker can manipulate request parameters controlling the MongoDB collection, projected fields, and regular-expression filters to read arb…
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Critical 9.1
Gitea repository creation accepts invalid field values
Gitea versions before 1.25.5 lack validation constraints for repository creation fields, including length-limited template fields and trust model or object format values.
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Critical 9.9
A malicious actor with access to the network and low privileges could exploit an Improper Input Validation vulnerabilit…
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Critical 9.9
A malicious actor with access to the network and low privileges could exploit an Improper Input Validation vulnerabilit…
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Critical 9.6
Insufficient validation of untrusted input in ANGLE in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.46 allowed a remote attacker t…
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Critical 9.6CVE-2026-14382 Public exploit
Insufficient validation of untrusted input in ANGLE in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.46 allowed a remote attacker t…
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Critical 9.0
SSRF with API key leak in pretix-oppwa
The payment integration pretix-oppwa provides support for the payment providers VR Payment, Hobex, and potentially others based on Oppwa's technology. The integration of Oppwa, following their official documentation, includes a step where the user is redirect…
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Critical 9.4
containerd CRI plugin: — image-config `LABEL` flows to restart-monitor `binary://` logger: host-root command execution from an image pull
containerd is an open-source container runtime. In versions prior to 1.7.33, 2.3.2, 2.2.5, 2.1.9, and 2.0.10 the CRI plugin propagates labels from an image config (LABEL instruction in Dockerfile) to a container without validation. This may result in executin…
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Critical 9.6
Insufficient validation of untrusted input in Text in Google Chrome on Android prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote …