Weakness (CWE)
CWE-23: Relative Path Traversal
The product uses external input to construct a pathname that should be within a restricted directory, but it does not properly neutralize sequences such as ".." that can resolve to a location that is outside of that directory.
How to prevent it (3 mitigations)
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
When validating filenames, use stringent allowlists that limit the character set to be used. If feasible, only allow a single "." character in the filename to avoid weaknesses such as CWE-23, and exclude directory separators such as "/" to avoid CWE-36. Use a list of allowable file extensions, which will help to avoid CWE-434.
Do not rely exclusively on a filtering mechanism that removes potentially dangerous characters. This is equivalent to a denylist, which may be incomplete (CWE-184). For example, filtering "/" is insufficient protection if the filesystem also supports the use of "\" as a directory separator. Another possible error could occur when the filtering is applied in a way that still produces dangerous data (CWE-182). For example, if "../" sequences are removed from the ".../...//" string in a sequential fashion, two instances of "../" would be removed from the original string, but the remaining characters would still form the "../" string.
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Implementation
Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist validation schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked.
Use a built-in path canonicalization function (such as realpath() in C) that produces the canonical version of the pathname, which effectively removes ".." sequences and symbolic links (CWE-23, CWE-59). This includes:
- realpath() in C
- getCanonicalPath() in Java
- GetFullPath() in ASP.NET
- realpath() or abs_path() in Perl
- realpath() in PHP
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Operation
Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].
Source: MITRE CWE-23
577 results · Feed
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Critical 9.1
Cisco Smart Software Manager On-Prem Unauthenticated API Vulnerability
A vulnerability in the Cisco Smart Licensing Utility API of Cisco License On-Prem, formerly Cisco Smart Software Manager On-Prem (SSM On-Prem), could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to write arbitrary files to the system or cause a DoS condition on …
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Medium 6.5
Apache Impala: Path traversal executes JARs outside trusted paths
Path traversal of 'trusted_jar_paths' in Impala 4.5.2 allows an attacker-controlled JAR to be loaded via a relative path where the prefix matches a path specified in 'trusted_jar_paths'. The startup flag 'trusted_jar_paths' references URIs for loading files f…
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Medium 6.5
Backstage: Improper input validation in TechDocs static content requests
Backstage is an open framework for building developer portals. Prior to 2.2.4, the @backstage/plugin-techdocs-backend package is affected by improper input validation in techdocs static content requests. When using the Azure Blob Storage provider, an authenti…
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Medium 4.2
In sftp in OpenSSH before 10.6, a server can trigger directory traversal (causing files to be written to unintended loc…
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High 7.3
Ghost 5.8.0 before 6.34.0 Staff Account Takeover via Admin iframe
Ghost versions 5.8.0 before 6.34.0 contain an input validation vulnerability in the admin iframe that allows attackers to take over staff user accounts. Attackers with content publishing privileges can craft malicious pages that, when visited by active staff …
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High 8.5
Cato Networks SDP Client for Windows is vulnerable to Local Privilege Escalation
Cato Networks SDP Client for Windows before 6.12.6 allows a local user to delete arbitrary files with SYSTEM privileges via improper validation of a client-supplied SID over a local IPC named pipe.
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High 8.2
Fireware OS Path Traversal in WebUI Management Agent Allows Arbitrary Local File Read
A path traversal vulnerability in the Fireware OS WebUI management agent allows an authenticated administrator to read or list arbitrary files on the local filesystem by sending a specially crafted management request.
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Medium 6.9
Path Traversal in VMDK Extractor in OSV-SCALIBR
A path traversal vulnerability (CWE-22) in the embedded VMDK filesystem extractor in Google OSV-SCALIBR versions 0.3.6 through 0.5.0 allows an attacker who controls the scan target to write arbitrary files to the host system. When scanning crafted VMDK images…
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Critical 9.1
A directory traversal vulnerability in the file upload functionality of Hitachi Energy RTU500 end-of-life versions allo…
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Medium 6.5
Path traversal in Fleet Helm valuesFiles allows disclosure of files outside the bundle directory
A user who can supply bundle content to a repository referenced by a GitRepo resource, for example through Git push access, or through permission to create or modify a GitRepo, can cause SUSE Rancher Fleet to read files from the filesystem of the environment …
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Low 3.1
Cloudreve before 4.16.1 Path Traversal via Remote Download
Cloudreve before 4.16.1 fails to properly sanitize file paths returned by remote downloaders, allowing authenticated users to create files outside the selected destination directory. Attackers can exploit path traversal sequences in downloader metadata to wri…
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High 7.5
HGiga｜OAKlouds - Arbitrary File Read
The OAKlouds developed by HGiga has an Arbitrary File Read vulnerability. Unauthenticated remote attackers can exploit Relative Path Traversal to read arbitrary system files.
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High 8.4
uniget: Path Traversal in Hook Files - Directory Escape Vulnerability
uniget is a universal installer and updater for (container) tools. Prior to 0.27.6, the hooks edit command in cmd/uniget/hooks.go concatenates an unvalidated hook filename with the selected hooks directory, allowing parent-directory components to escape that …
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High 7.2
Cisco ISE Arbitrary File Access Vulnerability
A vulnerability in the REST API of Cisco ISE could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to upload or copy arbitrary files on an affected device. This vulnerability is due to insufficient validation in file operations. An attacker could exploit this vulnera…
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Medium 5.3
GitHacker: Path traversal in ref/hash parsing enables existence oracle and hex-fragment exfiltration via a malicious .git server
GitHacker is a tool that restores Git repositories from exposed .git directories. In 1.1.7 and earlier, add_head_file_tasks parses an attacker-controlled ref path from .git/HEAD and joins unvalidated path segments onto temp_dst/.git/logs/, allowing a maliciou…
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Critical 9.8
Cisco Secure Email Gateway Security Hardening Release
As part of Cisco's ongoing commitment to proactive security and product quality, the Cisco Secure Email Gateway and Cisco Secure Email and Web Manager engineering team has conducted a comprehensive internal security review. This review resulted in software ha…
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High 8.1
Path traversal vulnerability exists in Contec FX5000 series, FX4000 series, and FX3000 series. If this vulnerability is…
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High 8.1
Path traversal vulnerability exists in SGA1000. If this vulnerability is exploited, arbitrary files on the server may b…
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Low 3.3
An issue was discovered in ILIAS 6.23, 7 before 7.22, and 8.1. An attacker can execute arbitrary code via ZIP upload.
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Medium 6.6
An issue was discovered in Softing OPC UA C++ SDK through 6.20 and Softing Secure Integration Server through 1.22. By u…
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High 8.6
A directory traversal was identified in Paessler PRTG before 23.4.88.1429 that made it possible to read local files.
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Medium 4.3
A directory Traversal vulnerability in DataEase before 1.18.10 allows a remote attacker to obtain sensitive information…
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High 7.1
Relative path traversal in the generated file manifest cleanup component in projen
Relative path traversal in the generated file manifest cleanup component in projen before 0.101.37 might allow context-dependent attackers to recursively delete files and directories outside the project directory that are writable by the environment running p…
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Critical 9.1
Apache FreeMarker, Apache FreeMarker: A malformed locale may be exploitable for path traversal attacks
Path traversal vulnerability in Apache FreeMarker template loading mechanism, if the attacker can specify an arbitrary malformed locale identifier to FreeMarker, and the localized lookup configuration setting is enabled (it's by default enabled). This issue a…
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High 7.7
Path Traversal in Fortra's GoAnywhere MFT Endpoint
In versions prior to 7.10.2 a path traversal vulnerability in the /attachRemoteFiles endpoint of Fortra's GoAnywhere MFT allows Web Users with both Secure Folders and Secure Mail permissions to escape their sandboxed home directory, achieving arbitrary file r…
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Medium 6.5
Dell SCG 5.0 Appliance versions prior to 5.36.00.16 and Dell SCG 5.0 Application versions prior to 5.36.00.00, contains…
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Medium 4.9
Ragic｜Enterprise Cloud Database - Arbitrary File Read
The Enterprise Cloud Database developed by Ragic has an Arbitrary File Read vulnerability. Privileged remote attackers can exploit Relative Path Traversal to download arbitrary system files.
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Medium 5.3
Source controller: Improper path handling allows traversal
The source-controller is a Kubernetes operator, specialised in artifacts acquisition from external sources such as Git, OCI, Helm repositories and S3-compatible buckets. In versions 0.0.17 through 1.8.4, an actor with the ability to influence the contents of …
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High 7.0
Microsoft Power Automate Desktop Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Relative path traversal in Power Automate allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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Medium 6.7
Windows DNS Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Relative path traversal in Windows DNS allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 8.6
A vulnerability has been identified in SIMOVE Fleetmanager V3.1 (All versions < V3.1.13), SIMOVE Fleetmanager V3.2 (All…
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High 7.1
Dell SCG 5.0 Appliance versions prior to 5.36.00.16 and Dell SCG 5.0 Application versions prior to 5.36.00.00, contains…
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High 7.4
Dell SCG 5.0 Appliance versions prior to 5.36.00.16 and Dell SCG 5.0 Application versions prior to 5.36.00.00, contains…
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High 7.4
Apache Ant: Path traversal in ftp and scp tasks allows arbitrary file write
The ftp and scp tasks of Apache Ant can download files from a remote server. A malicious server can provide relative paths that allow it to write outside of the dedicated target directory for the download, making it possible to overwrite files of the attacker…
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High 8.8
Eclipse aeriOS Self-orchestrator versions prior to 1.2.1 contain a path traversal vulnerability in the REST API. User-c…
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High 8.8
Path traversal in the aws:downloadContent plugin in amazon-ssm-agent
Improper limitation of a pathname to a restricted directory in the aws:downloadContent plugin in amazon-ssm-agent before 3.3.4515.0 might allow an authenticated remote user whose ssm:SendCommand permission is restricted to the AWS-DownloadContent document, to…
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High 7.1
Zip Slip Arbitrary File Write in AWS diagram-as-code (awsdac)
A relative path traversal issue in the zip extraction functionality in AWS diagram-as-code (awsdac) in versions 0.10 through 0.23 can allow a third party to write arbitrary files to the local filesystem via crafted zip entry names containing path traversal se…
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High 7.5CVE-2026-66907 Public exploit
Apache Camel: Camel-Google-Storage: the consumer appended the remote object name to the configured downloadFileName directory without constraining the result
Relative path traversal vulnerability in Apache Camel Google Storage component. This issue affects Apache Camel: from 4.0.0 before 4.14.9, from 4.15.0 before 4.18.4, from 4.19.0 before 4.22.0. The camel-google-storage consumer downloads Google Cloud Storage o…
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Critical 9.1CVE-2026-66906 Public exploit
Apache Camel: Camel-Azure-Storage-Blob: the downloadBlobToFile operation built the local download target from the remote blob name without constraining it to the configured fileDir
Relative path traversal vulnerability in Apache Camel Azure Storage Blob component. This issue affects Apache Camel: from 4.0.0 before 4.14.9, from 4.15.0 before 4.18.4, from 4.19.0 before 4.22.0. The camel-azure-storage-blob component can download an Azure S…
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Medium 5.5CVE-2026-60093 Public exploit
Apache Camel: Camel-Azure-Storage-DataLake: the downloadToFile operation built the local download target from the remote path name without constraining it to the configured fileDir
Relative path traversal vulnerability in Apache Camel Azure-Storage Datalake component This issue affects Apache Camel: from 4.0.0 before 4.14.9, from 4.15.0 before 4.18.4, from 4.19.0 before 4.22.0. The camel-azure-storage-datalake component can download an …