Weakness (CWE)
CWE-405: Amplification
The product does not properly control situations in which an adversary can cause the product to consume or produce excessive resources without requiring the adversary to invest equivalent work or otherwise prove authorization, i.e., the adversary's influence is "asymmetric."
How to prevent it (3 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
An application must make resources available to a client commensurate with the client's access level.
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Architecture and Design
An application must, at all times, keep track of allocated resources and meter their usage appropriately.
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System Configuration
Consider disabling resource-intensive algorithms on the server side, such as Diffie-Hellman key exchange.
Source: MITRE CWE-405
41 results · Clear filters · Feed
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High 8.2
Angular: Denial of Service via Unmatched Empty-Path Outlet Route Matching in Server-Side Rendering (SSR)
Angular is a development platform for building mobile and desktop web applications using TypeScript/JavaScript and other languages. Prior to 20.3.33, 21.2.25, and 22.2.1, @angular/router in Node.js server-side rendering fails to require auxiliary outlet URL s…
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High 7.1
pypdf: Possible large memory usage for exceptions in strict mode
pypdf is a free and open-source pure-python PDF library. Prior to 6.21.3, pypdf can consume excessive memory when strict mode loads a crafted invalid PDF dictionary. Nested parsing failures add repeated exception text to newly raised errors, allowing a small …
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High 7.5
Crypt::Age versions before 0.004 for Perl allow CPU exhaustion via an unbounded number of recipient stanzas, each costing an X25519 scalar multiplication in unwrap_file_key
Crypt::Age versions before 0.004 for Perl allow CPU exhaustion via an unbounded number of recipient stanzas, each costing an X25519 scalar multiplication in unwrap_file_key. The header parser accepts any number of recipient stanzas, and unwrap_file_key tries …
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High 7.5
Cpanel::JSON::XS versions before 4.80 for Perl allow memory exhaustion by encoding exponent notation as full decimal digits under allow_bignum
Cpanel::JSON::XS versions before 4.80 for Perl allow memory exhaustion by encoding exponent notation as full decimal digits under allow_bignum. With allow_bignum, a JSON number with a fraction or exponent decodes to a Math::BigFloat, which stores the exponent…
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High 7.5
.NET Denial of Service Vulnerability
Asymmetric resource consumption (amplification) in .NET allows an unauthorized attacker to deny service over a network.
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High 8.7
Misskey: Lack of rate limiting and size restrictions in RSS fetching API
Misskey is an open source, federated social media platform. From 12.112.1 until 2026.7.0, the unauthenticated fetch-rss API lacks rate limiting and response-size restrictions and performs synchronous XML parsing. An attacker can trigger unbounded outbound HTT…
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High 7.5
Excessive CPU consumption from repeated initial window changes in net/http
A malicious HTTP/2 peer can cause excessive CPU consumption in the client or server by opening a large number of streams and then sending many small SETTINGS frames containing SETTINGS_INITIAL_WINDOW_SIZE values.
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High 7.5
Reject malformed ECH outer extension references in crypto/tls
Multiple ECH outer extension references are not permitted under RFC 9849; previously, a client could send a well-crafted packet that could trigger memory exhaustion in the server process by specifying multiple references. We now reject these as malformed and …
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High 7.5
HTTP/2 server memory exhaustion due to Trailer headers in net/http
When "Trailer" headers are sent by a client, the HTTP server internally uses the header values to populate the Request.Trailer map passed to the server handler. Because Request.Trailer is a map, each entry incurs memory overhead. For HTTP/2 servers, a malicio…
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High 7.5
IBM DataPower Gateway Denial of Service
IBM DataPower Gateway 10.5.0.0 through 10.5.0.22, 10.6.1 through 10.6.6, 10.6.0.0 through 10.6.0.10, and 11.0.0.0 through 11.0.0.2 could allow a remote attacker to cause a denial of service due to improper memoization of GraphQL fragment spreads.
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High 7.5
Apache Struts: Disproportionate response size when rendering BigDecimal request parameters
Asymmetric resource consumption (amplification) vulnerability in Apache Struts. When a request parameter is bound to an arbitrary-precision decimal (java.math.BigDecimal) property that is then rendered through the Struts tag library, the framework can produce…
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High 7.5
Zebra before 6.0.0 Denial of Service via Synchronous Script FFI Verification
Zebra before 6.0.0 contains a denial of service vulnerability that allows unauthenticated peers to stall Tokio workers by submitting mempool transactions requiring expensive synchronous script verification. Attackers can send non-standard high-sigop P2SH tran…
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High 7.5
Zebra before 6.2.1 Denial of Service via Uncapped V6 Shielded Proof Verification
Zebra (zebrad) before 6.2.1 contains an asymmetric resource consumption vulnerability that allows unauthenticated peers to stall block verification by pushing V6 mempool transactions with invalid Halo2 proofs. Attackers can flood the shared unprioritized Halo…
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High 7.5
Apache Directory LDAP API: Denial of service via excessive bcrypt cost factor in stored passwords
Asymmetric Resource Consumption vulnerability in Apache Directory LDAP API. Storing a password using the bcrypt algorithm with a high force like 30 in a LDAP server that supports this algorithm will cause the server CPU to run for hours checking the credenti…
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High 7.5
Open WebUI: Unauthenticated requests can stall the server via uncached OIDC fetches in back-channel logout
Open WebUI is an extensible, feature-rich, and user-friendly self-hosted AI platform. From 0.9.0 until 0.11.1, the unauthenticated POST /oauth/backchannel-logout handler in backend/open_webui/utils/oauth.py fetched the OIDC discovery document and signing keys…
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High 7.5
Excessive Memory Use Buffering DTLS Records for a Future Epoch
Issue summary: Receiving a DTLS record for a future epoch while a handshake is in progress causes OpenSSL to buffer far more memory than the record itself requires. Impact summary: A peer can use a small amount of network traffic to make an OpenSSL DTLS endpo…
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High 7.5
Mastodon: Exhausting data by an unauthenticated request to the admin retention API
Mastodon is a free, open-source social network server based on ActivityPub. Prior to 4.4.21, 4.5.14, 4.6.4, and 4.7.0-beta.1, the administrative statistics endpoints handled by Api::V1::Admin::MeasuresController and Api::V1::Admin::RetentionController checked…
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High 7.1
Denial of Service in UBB.threads
UBB.threads is vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS). By sending multiple concurrent requests to view any user profile on instances with many registered users, an authenticated attacker can easily exhaust database resources and completely deny access to the a…
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High 7.5
Envoy vulnerable to HTTP/2 memory exhaustion via cookie header size bypass and HPACK amplification
Envoy is an open source edge and service proxy designed for cloud-native applications. Prior to versions 1.35.11, 1.36.7, 1.37.3, and 1.38.1, a vulnerability in Envoy's HTTP/2 downstream request processing allows an unauthenticated remote client to trigger ex…
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High 7.5
HTTP.sys Denial of Service Vulnerability
Uncontrolled resource consumption in HTTP/2 allows an unauthorized attacker to deny service over a network.
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High 7.5
Deskflow: TLS multiplexer DoS on failed `SSL_accept`
Deskflow is a keyboard and mouse sharing app. Prior to 1.26.0.167, a remote, unauthenticated denial of service (DoS) vulnerability affects Deskflow servers running with TLS enabled (the default). When any TCP peer connects to the listening port and its first …
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High 7.5
Pre-Authentication Memory Exhaustion Denial of Service in MongoDB Server
A series of specifically crafted, unauthenticated messages can exhaust available memory and crash a MongoDB server.
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High 7.5
Denial of service (DOS) vulnerability in SAP BusinessObjects BI Platform
SAP BusinessObjects BI Platform allows an unauthenticated attacker to send specially crafted requests that could cause the Content Management Server (CMS) to crash and automatically restart. By repeatedly submitting these requests, the attacker could induce a…
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High 7.5
devalue vulnerable to denial of service due to memory/CPU exhaustion in devalue.parse
Svelte devalue is a JavaScript library that serializes values into strings when JSON.stringify isn't sufficient for the job. From 5.1.0 to 5.6.1, certain inputs can cause devalue.parse to consume excessive CPU time and/or memory, potentially leading to denial…
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High 7.5
devalue vulnerable to denial of service due to memory exhaustion in devalue.parse
Svelte devalue is a JavaScript library that serializes values into strings when JSON.stringify isn't sufficient for the job. From 5.3.0 to 5.6.1, certain inputs can cause devalue.parse to consume excessive CPU time and/or memory, potentially leading to denial…
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High 7.1
Missing Authorization Check in SAP S/4 HANA Private Cloud (Financials General Ledger)
Due to a Missing Authorization Check vulnerability in SAP S/4 HANA Private Cloud (Financials General Ledger), an authenticated attacker with authorization limited to a single company code could read sensitive data and post or modify documents across all compa…
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High 7.9
Denial of service (DOS) in SAP NetWeaver (remote service for Xcelsius)
SAP NetWeaver remote service for Xcelsius allows an attacker with network access and high privileges to execute arbitrary code on the affected system due to insufficient input validation and improper handling of remote method calls. Exploitation does not requ…
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High 7.5
Sigstore Timestamp Authority allocates excessive memory during request parsing
Sigstore Timestamp Authority is a service for issuing RFC 3161 timestamps. Prior to 2.0.3, Function api.ParseJSONRequest currently splits (via a call to strings.Split) an optionally-provided OID (which is untrusted data) on periods. Similarly, function api.ge…
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High 7.5
Fulcio allocates excessive memory during token parsing
Fulcio is a free-to-use certificate authority for issuing code signing certificates for an OpenID Connect (OIDC) identity. Prior to 1.8.3, function identity.extractIssuerURL splits (via a call to strings.Split) its argument (which is untrusted data) on period…
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High 7.5CVE-2025-8677 EPSS 11%
Resource exhaustion via malformed DNSKEY handling
Querying for records within a specially crafted zone containing certain malformed DNSKEY records can lead to CPU exhaustion. This issue affects BIND 9 versions 9.18.0 through 9.18.39, 9.20.0 through 9.20.13, 9.21.0 through 9.21.12, 9.18.11-S1 through 9.18.39-…
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High 8.3
This High severity DoS (Denial of Service) vulnerability was introduced in version 2.0 of Confluence Data Center. This …
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High 8.7
Chall-Manager's scenario decoding process does not check for zip bombs
Chall-Manager is a platform-agnostic system able to start Challenges on Demand of a player. When decoding a scenario (i.e. a zip archive), the size of the decoded content is not checked, potentially leading to zip bombs decompression. Exploitation does not re…
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High 7.5
jwt-go allows excessive memory allocation during header parsing
golang-jwt is a Go implementation of JSON Web Tokens. Starting in version 3.2.0 and prior to versions 5.2.2 and 4.5.2, the function parse.ParseUnverified splits (via a call to strings.Split) its argument (which is untrusted data) on periods. As a result, in t…
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High 7.5CVE-2024-11187 EPSS 16%
Many records in the additional section cause CPU exhaustion
It is possible to construct a zone such that some queries to it will generate responses containing numerous records in the Additional section. An attacker sending many such queries can cause either the authoritative server itself or an independent resolver to…
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High 7.5
Suricata oversized resource names utilizing DNS name compression can lead to resource starvation
Suricata is a network Intrusion Detection System, Intrusion Prevention System and Network Security Monitoring engine. Prior to version 7.0.8, DNS resource name compression can lead to small DNS messages containing very large hostnames which can be costly to d…
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High 8.6
Uncontrolled Recursion and Asymmetric Resource Consumption in Altair media/file proxy
Altair is a fork of Misskey v12. Affected versions lack of request validation and lack of authentication in the image proxy for compressing and resizing remote files could allow attacks that could affect availability, such as by abnormally increasing the CPU …
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High 7.4
Uncontrolled Recursion and Asymmetric Resource Consumption (Amplification) in media/file proxy in Misskey
Misskey is an open source, federated social media platform. In affected versions FileServerService (media proxy) in github.com/misskey-dev/misskey 2024.10.1 or earlier did not detect proxy loops, which allows remote actors to execute a self-propagating reflec…
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High 7.5CVE-2024-45590 Public exploit
body-parser vulnerable to denial of service when url encoding is enabled
body-parser is Node.js body parsing middleware. body-parser <1.20.3 is vulnerable to denial of service when url encoding is enabled. A malicious actor using a specially crafted payload could flood the server with a large number of requests, resulting in denia…
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High 7.5
Botan Vulnerable to Denial of Service Due to Overly Large Elliptic Curve Parameters
Botan is a C++ cryptography library. X.509 certificates can identify elliptic curves using either an object identifier or using explicit encoding of the parameters. Prior to versions 3.3.0 and 2.19.4, an attacker could present an ECDSA X.509 certificate using…
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High 7.5
An unauthenticated denial of service vulnerability exists in the SMM v1, SMM v2, and FPC management web server which c…