Weakness (CWE)
CWE-494: Download of Code Without Integrity Check
The product downloads source code or an executable from a remote location and executes the code without sufficiently verifying the origin and integrity of the code.
How to prevent it (5 mitigations)
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Implementation
Perform proper forward and reverse DNS lookups to detect DNS spoofing.
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Architecture and Design, Operation
Encrypt the code with a reliable encryption scheme before transmitting.
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
Speficially, it may be helpful to use tools or frameworks to perform integrity checking on the transmitted code.
- When providing the code that is to be downloaded, such as for automatic updates of the software, then use cryptographic signatures for the code and modify the download clients to verify the signatures. Ensure that the implementation does not contain CWE-295, CWE-320, CWE-347, and related weaknesses.
- Use code signing technologies such as Authenticode. See references [REF-454] [REF-455] [REF-456].
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Architecture and Design, Operation
Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.
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Architecture and Design, Operation
Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Source: MITRE CWE-494
223 results · Feed
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High 7.5
Electra Smart Kit for Split AC – Adjacent attacker may cause the unit to load unauthorized FW
Electra Central AC unit – Adjacent attacker may cause the unit to load unauthorized FW.
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High 7.5
Electra Central AC unit – Adjacent attacker may cause the unit to load unauthorized FW
Electra Central AC unit – Adjacent attacker may cause the unit to load unauthorized FW.
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Medium 6.9
A download of code without Integrity check vulnerability [CWE-494] in FortiClientMac version 7.0.0 through 7.0.7, 6.4 a…
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High 7.5
RuoYi vulnerable to arbitrary file download
An arbitrary file download vulnerability in the background management module of RuoYi v4.7.6 and below allows attackers to download arbitrary files in the server.
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Medium 5.3
An issue was discovered in Veritas NetBackup IT Analytics 11 before 11.2.0. The application upgrade process included un…
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Unscored —
ShadowsocksX-NG 1.10.0 signs with com.apple.security.get-task-allow entitlements because of CODE_SIGNING_INJECT_BASE_EN…
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High 7.4
An exploitable firmware modification vulnerability was discovered in certain Netgear products. The data integrity of th…
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Critical 9.8
In Ruckus R310 10.5.1.0.199, Ruckus R500 10.5.1.0.199, Ruckus R600 10.5.1.0.199, Ruckus T300 10.5.1.0.199, Ruckus T301n…
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Critical 9.8
In Ruckus R310 10.5.1.0.199, Ruckus R500 10.5.1.0.199, Ruckus R600 10.5.1.0.199, Ruckus T300 10.5.1.0.199, Ruckus T301n…
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Critical 9.8
Certain General Electric Renewable Energy products download firmware without an integrity check. This affects iNET and …
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Medium 4.8
TP-Link TL-WR1043ND V1 3.13.15 and earlier allows authenticated attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a Denial o…
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Medium 4.8
TP-Link TL-WR740N V1 and V2 v3.12.4 and earlier allows authenticated attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a Den…
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High 8.1
An exploitable firmware modification vulnerability was discovered on the Netgear WNR2000v1 router. An attacker can cond…
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Medium 4.4
Rapid7 Nexpose Update Validation Issue
Rapid7 Nexpose and InsightVM versions prior to 6.6.172 failed to reliably validate the authenticity of update contents. This failure could allow an attacker to provide a malicious update and alter the functionality of Rapid7 Nexpose. The attacker would need s…
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High 8.8
Data Integrity Failure in 'Backup Config' in D-Link DNR-322L <= 2.60B15 allows an authenticated attacker to execute OS …
KEV Aug 5, 2025 -
High 8.8CVE-2022-45442 Public exploit
Sinatra vulnerable to Reflected File Download attack
Sinatra is a domain-specific language for creating web applications in Ruby. An issue was discovered in Sinatra 2.0 before 2.2.3 and 3.0 before 3.0.4. An application is vulnerable to a reflected file download (RFD) attack that sets the Content-Disposition hea…
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Medium 5.8
An authenticated attacker can impact the integrity of the ArubaOS bootloader on 7xxx series controllers. Successful exp…
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Medium 6.1
BUG-000144172 - Remote file download issue in ArcGIS Server
A remote file download issue can occur in some capabilities of Esri ArcGIS Server web services that may in some edge cases allow a remote, unauthenticated attacker to induce an unsuspecting victim to launch a process in the victim's PATH environment. Current …
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High 8.1
WISA Smart Wing CMS File Download Vulnerability
This vulnerability is caused by the lack of validation of input values for specific functions if WISA Smart Wing CMS. Remote attackers can use this vulnerability to leak all files in the server without logging in system.
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High 8.8
Django vulnerable to Reflected File Download attack
An issue was discovered in the HTTP FileResponse class in Django 3.2 before 3.2.15 and 4.0 before 4.0.7. An application is vulnerable to a reflected file download (RFD) attack that sets the Content-Disposition header of a FileResponse when the filename is der…
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Unscored —
Firmware upload verification bypass in TXpert Hub CoreTec 4
A vulnerability exists in the file upload validation part of Hitachi Energy TXpert Hub CoreTec 4 product. The vulnerability allows an attacker or malicious agent who manages to gain access to the system and obtain an account with sufficient privilege to uploa…
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Low 3.3
A download of code without integrity check vulnerability in the "execute restore src-vis" command of FortiOS before 7.0…
KEV Dec 10, 2021 -
Unscored —
Printchaser v2.2021.804.1 and earlier versions contain a vulnerability, which could allow remote attacker to download a…
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High 7.5
RAONWIZ DEXT5 Upload ActiveX remote file execution vulnerability
DEXT5 Upload 5.0.0.117 and earlier versions contain a vulnerability, which could allow remote attacker to download and execute remote file by setting the argument, variable in the activeX module. This can be leveraged for code execution.
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High 8.8
NEXACRO14 Runtime arbitrary file download and execution vulnerability
Download of code without integrity check vulnerability in NEXACRO14 Runtime ActiveX control of tobesoft Co., Ltd allows the attacker to cause an arbitrary file download and execution. This vulnerability is due to incomplete validation of file download URL or …
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High 8.8
Download of code without integrity check vulnerability in ActiveX control of Younglimwon Co., Ltd allows the attacker t…
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Medium 6.4
Improper Input Validation in Bitdefender Endpoint Security Tools for Linux
An Improper Input Validation vulnerability in the Product Update feature of Bitdefender Endpoint Security Tools for Linux allows a man-in-the-middle attacker to abuse the DownloadFile function of the Product Update to achieve remote code execution. This issue…
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High 8.4
Add integrity check of GateManager firmware
Upload of Code Without Integrity Check vulnerability in firmware archive of Secomea GateManager allows authenticated attacker to execute malicious code on server. This issue affects: Secomea GateManager all versions prior to 9.4.621054022
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Critical 9.8
Jenkins Plugin Installation Manager Tool did not verify plugin downloads
Jenkins Plugin Installation Manager Tool 2.1.3 and earlier does not verify plugin downloads.
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Unscored —
A CWE-494: Download of Code Without Integrity Check vulnerability exists in PLC Simulator on EcoStruxureª Control Exper…
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High 8.8
A vulnerability in the web-based contract management service interface Ebiz4u of INOGARD could allow an victim user to …
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Medium 5.5
MyBrowserPlus downloads the files needed to run the program through the setup file (Setup.inf). At this time, there is …
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High 7.5
This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of NETGEAR R67…
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High 8.8
EyeSurfer BflyInstallerX.ocx v1.0.0.16 and earlier versions contain a vulnerability that could allow remote files to be…
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Unscored —
A CWE-494 Download of Code Without Integrity Check vulnerability exists in Easergy T300 (Firmware version 1.5.2 and old…
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High 7.8
Kaoni ezHTTPTrans Active-X File Download and Execution Vulnerability
Ezhttptrans.ocx ActiveX Control in Kaoni ezHTTPTrans 1.0.0.70 and prior versions contain a vulnerability that could allow remote attacker to download arbitrary file by setting the arguments to the activex method. This can be leveraged for code execution by re…
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High 7.8
Kaoni ezHTTPTrans Active-X File Download and Execution Vulnerability
Ezhttptrans.ocx ActiveX Control in Kaoni ezHTTPTrans 1.0.0.70 and prior versions contain a vulnerability that could allow remote attacker to download and execute arbitrary file by setting the arguments to the activex method. This can be leveraged for code exe…
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High 7.8
Tobesoft Xplatform ActiveX File Download Vulnerability
Tobesoft Xplatform 9.2.2.250 and earlier version have an arbitrary code execution vulnerability by using method supported by Xplatform ActiveX Control. It allows attacker to cause remote code execution.
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High 7.8
Tobesoft Nexacro14 ActiveX File Download Vulnerability
Tobesoft Nexacro v2019.9.25.1 and earlier version have an arbitrary code execution vulnerability by using method supported by Nexacro14 ActiveX Control. It allows attacker to cause remote code execution.
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High 7.8
Tobesoft XPlatform Arbitrary File Execution Vulnerability
Tobesoft XPlatform v9.1, 9.2.0, 9.2.1 and 9.2.2 have a vulnerability that can load unauthorized DLL files. It allows attacker to cause remote code execution.