Weakness (CWE)
CWE-639: Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
The system's authorization functionality does not prevent one user from gaining access to another user's data or record by modifying the key value identifying the data.
More detail
It is likely that an attacker would have to be an authenticated user in the system. However, the authorization process would not properly check the data access operation to ensure that the authenticated user performing the operation has sufficient entitlements to perform the requested data access, hence bypassing any other authorization checks present in the system.
For example, attackers can look at places where user specific data is retrieved (e.g. search screens) and determine whether the key for the item being looked up is controllable externally. The key may be a hidden field in the HTML form field, might be passed as a URL parameter or as an unencrypted cookie variable, then in each of these cases it will be possible to tamper with the key value.
How to prevent it (3 mitigations)
-
Architecture and Design
For each and every data access, ensure that the user has sufficient privilege to access the record that is being requested.
-
Architecture and Design, Implementation
Make sure that the key that is used in the lookup of a specific user's record is not controllable externally by the user or that any tampering can be detected.
-
Architecture and Design
Use encryption in order to make it more difficult to guess other legitimate values of the key or associate a digital signature with the key so that the server can verify that there has been no tampering.
Source: MITRE CWE-639
1,015 results · Clear filters · Feed
-
High 8.8CVE-2026-40308 Scanner template
My Calendar: Unauthenticated Information Disclosure (IDOR) via Multisite switch_to_blog
My Calendar is a WordPress plugin for managing calendar events. In versions 3.7.6 and below, the mc_ajax_mcjs_action AJAX endpoint, registered for unauthenticated users, passes user-supplied arguments through parse_str() without validation, allowing injection…
-
High 8.1
WordPress FluentBoards plugin <= 1.91.2 - Insecure Direct Object References (IDOR) vulnerability
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in Mahmudul Hasan Arif FluentBoards fluent-boards allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects FluentBoards: from n/a through <= 1.91.2.
-
High 8.8
Login as User <= 1.0.3 - Authenticated (Subscriber+) Privilege Escalation via 'oclaup_original_admin' Cookie
The Login as User plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Privilege Escalation in all versions up to, and including, 1.0.3. This is due to the handle_return_to_admin() function trusting a client-controlled cookie (oclaup_original_admin) to determine which user …
-
High 7.1
Chamilo LMS: IDOR in /api/course_rel_users Allows Unauthorized Enrollment of Arbitrary Users into Courses
Chamilo LMS is an open-source learning management system. In versions prior to 2.0.0-RC.3, the /api/course_rel_users endpoint is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR), allowing an authenticated attacker to modify the user parameter in the requ…
-
High 8.8
A vulnerability has been identified in SINEC NMS (All versions < V4.0 SP3). Affected products do not properly validate …
-
High 8.1
Webkul Krayin CRM has Broken Object-Level Authorization (BOLA) in the /Contact/Persons/PersonController.php
A Broken Object-Level Authorization (BOLA) in the /Contact/Persons/PersonController.php endpoint of Webkul Krayin CRM v2.2.x allows authenticated attackers to arbitrarily read, modify, and permanently delete any contact owned by other users via supplying a cr…
-
High 8.8
Webkul Krayin CRM has Broken Object-Level Authorization (BOLA) in the /Settings/UserController.php
A Broken Object-Level Authorization (BOLA) in the /Settings/UserController.php endpoint of Webkul Krayin CRM v2.2.x allows authenticated attackers to arbitrarily reset user passwords and perform a full account takeover via supplying a crafted HTTP request.
-
High 8.1
Webkul Krayin CRM has Broken Object-Level Authorization (BOLA) in the /Controllers/Lead/LeadController.php
A Broken Object-Level Authorization (BOLA) in the /Controllers/Lead/LeadController.php endpoint of Webkul Krayin CRM v2.2.x allows authenticated attackers to arbitrarily read, modify, and permanently delete any lead owned by other users via supplying a crafte…
-
High 7.1
Chamilo LMS Critical IDOR: Any Authenticated User Can Extract All Users’ Personal Data and API Tokens
Chamilo LMS is a learning management system. Prior to 2.0.0-RC.3, an Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) vulnerability in the /social-network/personal-data/{userId} endpoint allows any authenticated user to access full personal data and API tokens of arbi…
-
High 7.1
Chamilo LMS has an Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR)
Chamilo LMS is a learning management system. Prior to 1.11.38 and 2.0.0-RC.3, Chamilo LMS contains an Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) vulnerability in the Learning Path progress saving endpoint. The file lp_ajax_save_item.php accepts a uid (user ID) p…
-
High 7.1
Chamilo LMS has an IDOR in Gradebook Allows Cross-Course Evaluation Edit Without Ownership Check
Chamilo LMS is a learning management system. Prior to 1.11.38 and 2.0.0-RC.3, an Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) vulnerability in the gradebook evaluation edit page allows any authenticated teacher to view and modify the settings (name, max score, wei…
-
High 7.1
Chamilo LMS has an IDOR in Gradebook Allows Cross-Course Deletion of Any Student's Grade Result
Chamilo LMS is a learning management system. Prior to 1.11.38 and 2.0.0-RC.3, an Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) vulnerability in the gradebook result view page allows any authenticated teacher to delete any student's grade result across the entire pl…
-
High 7.2
CouchCMS Privilege Escalation via f_k_levels_list Parameter
CouchCMS contains a privilege escalation vulnerability that allows authenticated Admin-level users to create SuperAdmin accounts by tampering with the f_k_levels_list parameter in user creation requests. Attackers can modify the parameter value from 4 to 10 i…
-
High 8.5
Directus has a Path Traversal and Broken Access Control in File Management API
Directus is a real-time API and App dashboard for managing SQL database content. Prior to 11.17.0, the PATCH /files/{id} endpoint accepts a user-controlled filename_disk parameter. By setting this value to match the storage path of another user's file, an att…
-
High 7.3
decolua 9router Administrative API Endpoint api authorization
A security vulnerability has been detected in decolua 9router up to 0.3.47. The impacted element is an unknown function of the file /api of the component Administrative API Endpoint. The manipulation leads to authorization bypass. The attack is possible to be…
-
High 8.3
InvenTree has Arbitrary API Token Creation
InvenTree is an Open Source Inventory Management System. From 0.16.0 to before 1.2.7, any authenticated InvenTree user can create a valid API token attributed to any other user in the system — including administrators and superusers — by supplying the target'…
-
High 7.4
Mirror-registry: quay: insecure direct object reference in blobupload
A flaw was found in Red Hat Quay's container image upload process. An authenticated user with push access to any repository on the registry can interfere with image uploads in progress by other users, including those in repositories they do not have access to…
-
High 8.1
ChurchCRM has an API Authorization Bypass Allows Authenticated User to Deactivate, Modify, and Spam Arbitrary Families
ChurchCRM is an open-source church management system. Prior to 7.1.0, an authenticated API user can modify any family record's state without proper authorization by simply changing the {familyId} parameter in requests, regardless of whether they possess the r…
-
High 7.6
FreeScout Customer Merge Cross-Mailbox Authorization Bypass
FreeScout is a free help desk and shared inbox built with PHP's Laravel framework. Prior to 1.8.212, FreeScout does not take the limit_user_customer_visibility parameter into account when merging customers. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.8.212.
-
High 7.3
Tandoor Recipes — `amount`/`unit` bypass serializer in `food/{id}/shopping/`
Tandoor Recipes is an application for managing recipes, planning meals, and building shopping lists. Prior to 2.6.4, the POST /api/food/{id}/shopping/ endpoint reads amount and unit directly from request.data and passes them without validation to ShoppingList…
-
High 8.8CVE-2026-5465 Public exploit
Amelia <= 2.1.3 - Insecure Direct Object Reference to Authenticated (Employee+) Privilege Escalation via 'externalId' Parameter
The Booking for Appointments and Events Calendar – Amelia plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object Reference in all versions up to, and including, 2.1.3. This is due to the `UpdateProviderCommandHandler` failing to validate changes to the …
-
High 7.1
Brave CMS has an Insecure Direct Object Reference in Article Image Deletion
Brave CMS is an open-source CMS. Prior to 2.0.6, an Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) vulnerability exists in the article image deletion feature. It is located in app/Http/Controllers/Dashboard/ArticleController.php within the deleteImage method. The en…
-
High 8.1CVE-2026-35045 Public exploit
Tandoor Recipes Affected by Private Recipe Exposure and Unauthorized Modification
Tandoor Recipes is an application for managing recipes, planning meals, and building shopping lists. Prior to 2.6.4, the PUT /api/recipe/batch_update/ endpoint in Tandoor Recipes allows any authenticated user within a Space to modify any recipe in that Space,…
-
High 7.9CVE-2026-34444 Public exploit
Lupa has a Sandbox escape and RCE due to incomplete attribute_filter enforcement in getattr / setattr
Lupa integrates the runtimes of Lua or LuaJIT2 into CPython. In 2.6 and earlier, attribute_filter is not consistently applied when attributes are accessed through built-in functions like getattr and setattr. This allows an attacker to bypass the intended rest…
-
High 8.1
WCFM - WooCommerce Frontend Manager <= 6.7.25 - Insecure Direct Object References to Autenticated (Vendor+) Arbitrary Post/Product Manipulation
The WCFM – Frontend Manager for WooCommerce along with Bookings Subscription Listings Compatible plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object Reference in all versions up to, and including, 6.7.25 via multiple AJAX actions including `wcfm_modi…
-
High 7.0
Multiple vulnerabilities in 1millionbot Millie chatbot
Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) vulnerability in 1millionbot Millie chat that allows private conversations of other users being viewed by simply changing the conversation ID. The vulnerability is present in the endpoint 'api.1millionbot.com/api/public…
-
High 8.8
Nginx UI: Unencrypted Storage of DNS API Tokens and ACME Private Keys
Nginx UI is a web user interface for the Nginx web server. In versions 2.3.3 and prior, Nginx-UI contains an Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) vulnerability that allows any authenticated user to access, modify, and delete resources belonging to other us…
-
High 8.7
Authorization Bypass in ON24 Q&A chat
A vulnerability of authorization bypass through user-controlled key in the 'console-survey/api/v1/answer/{EVENTID}/{TIMESTAMP}/' endpoint. Exploiting this vulnerability would allow an unauthenticated attacker to enumerate event IDs and obtain the complete Q&A…
-
High 7.5
Download Monitor <= 5.1.7 - Insecure Direct Object Reference to Unauthenticated Arbitrary Order Completion via 'token' and 'order_id'
The Download Monitor plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object Reference in all versions up to, and including, 5.1.7 via the executePayment() function due to missing validation on a user controlled key. This makes it possible for unauthenti…
-
High 8.2
MCP Ruby SDK: Insufficient Session Binding Allows SSE Stream Hijacking via Session ID Replay
MCP Ruby SDK is the official Ruby SDK for Model Context Protocol servers and clients. Prior to version 0.9.2, the Ruby SDK's streamable_http_transport.rb implementation contains a session hijacking vulnerability. An attacker who obtains a valid session ID can…
-
High 8.7
Langflow: Authenticated Users Can Read, Modify, and Delete Any Flow via Missing Ownership Check
Langflow is a tool for building and deploying AI-powered agents and workflows. Prior to version 1.5.1, the `_read_flow` helper in `src/backend/base/langflow/api/v1/flows.py` branched on the `AUTO_LOGIN` setting to decide whether to filter by `user_id`. When `…
-
High 7.4
MyTube has an Improper Access Control that Allows Complete Application Takeover
MyTube is a self-hosted downloader and player for several video websites Prior to version 1.8.69, an authorization bypass in the `/api/settings/import-database` endpoint allows attackers with low-privilege credentials to upload and replace the application's S…
-
High 7.1
Open WebUI's process_files_batch() endpoint missing ownership check, allows unauthorized file overwrite
Open WebUI is a self-hosted artificial intelligence platform designed to operate entirely offline. Prior to version 0.8.6, any authenticated user can overwrite any file's content by ID through the `POST /api/v1/retrieval/process/files/batch` endpoint. The end…
-
High 8.1
OpenEMR has IDOR in Patient Notes Web UI allows unauthorized note access/modification
OpenEMR is a free and open source electronic health records and medical practice management application. Prior to version 8.0.0.3, the legacy patient notes functions in `library/pnotes.inc.php` perform updates and deletes using `WHERE id = ?` without verifyin…
-
High 8.5
n8n Vulnerable to Credential Theft via Name-Based Resolution and Permission Checker Bypass in Community Edition
n8n is an open source workflow automation platform. Prior to versions 2.14.1, 2.13.3, and 1.123.27, an authenticated user with the `global:member` role could exploit chained authorization flaws in n8n's credential pipeline to steal plaintext secrets from gene…
-
High 8.6
WordPress WPSubscription plugin <= 1.8.10 - Insecure Direct Object References (IDOR) vulnerability
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in Convers Lab WPSubscription subscription allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects WPSubscription: from n/a through <= 1.8.10.
-
High 8.8
pyload-ng: Authentication Bypass via Host Header Injection in ClickNLoad
pyLoad is a free and open-source download manager written in Python. From version 0.4.20 to before version 0.5.0b3.dev97, the local_check decorator in pyLoad's ClickNLoad feature can be bypassed by any remote attacker through HTTP Host header spoofing. This a…
-
High 8.1
Vikunja has IDOR in Task Attachment ReadOne Allows Cross-Project File Access and Deletion
Vikunja is an open-source self-hosted task management platform. Prior to version 2.2.1, `TaskAttachment.ReadOne()` queries attachments by ID only (`WHERE id = ?`), ignoring the task ID from the URL path. The permission check in `CanRead()` validates access to…
-
High 7.5
Langflow has Unauthenticated IDOR on Image Downloads
Langflow is a tool for building and deploying AI-powered agents and workflows. In versions 1.0.0 through 1.8.1, the `/api/v1/files/images/{flow_id}/{file_name}` endpoint serves image files without any authentication or ownership check. Any unauthenticated req…
-
High 8.1
Connect CMS: Improper Authorization in the My Page Profile Update Feature Allows Modification of Arbitrary User Information
Connect-CMS is a content management system. In versions on the 1.x series up to and including 1.41.0 and versions on the 2.x series up to and including 2.41.0, an improper authorization issue in the My Page profile update feature may allow modification of arb…