Weakness (CWE)
CWE-639: Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
The system's authorization functionality does not prevent one user from gaining access to another user's data or record by modifying the key value identifying the data.
More detail
It is likely that an attacker would have to be an authenticated user in the system. However, the authorization process would not properly check the data access operation to ensure that the authenticated user performing the operation has sufficient entitlements to perform the requested data access, hence bypassing any other authorization checks present in the system.
For example, attackers can look at places where user specific data is retrieved (e.g. search screens) and determine whether the key for the item being looked up is controllable externally. The key may be a hidden field in the HTML form field, might be passed as a URL parameter or as an unencrypted cookie variable, then in each of these cases it will be possible to tamper with the key value.
How to prevent it (3 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
For each and every data access, ensure that the user has sufficient privilege to access the record that is being requested.
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Architecture and Design, Implementation
Make sure that the key that is used in the lookup of a specific user's record is not controllable externally by the user or that any tampering can be detected.
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Architecture and Design
Use encryption in order to make it more difficult to guess other legitimate values of the key or associate a digital signature with the key so that the server can verify that there has been no tampering.
Source: MITRE CWE-639
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High 8.3
IXP Manager has Broken Object-Level Authorization
IXP Manager is a full-stack web application for managing Internet Exchange Points. Prior to version 7.3.0, an authenticated user can view and edit a resource belonging to another user without authorization. The API-key edit/update path in `ApiKeyController` s…
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High 8.5
pgAdmin 4: An LDAP or Kerberos login is logged in to another account with the same username
In server mode pgAdmin 4 keeps an account per authentication source, so the same username can exist as, for example, an internal account and an LDAP account. After LDAP or Kerberos authenticated a user, pgAdmin chose the account to log in by username alone, o…
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High 7.5
Forminator Forms <= 1.57.3.1 - Insecure Direct Object Reference to Unauthenticated Arbitrary Draft Deletion and Takeover via 'previous_draft_id' Parameter
The Forminator Forms – Contact Form, Payment Form & Custom Form Builder plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object Reference in all versions up to, and including, 1.57.3.1 via the 'previous_draft_id' parameter due to missing validation on a …
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High 8.5
SOCFortress CoPilot: Cross-Tenant Arbitrary Object-Store Write via the Data-Store Upload Endpoint (customer_user)
SOCFortress CoPilot focuses on providing a single pane of glass for all your security operations needs. Prior to 0.1.76, `POST /api/agent_data_store/upload` in `backend/app/data_store/data_store_routes.py` permits `customer_user` callers to choose `bucket_nam…
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High 8.1
WeGIA: Systemic IDOR + Missing CSRF — extract($_REQUEST) in All Controle Classes
WeGIA is a web manager for charitable institutions. Prior to the advisory's stated patched version 3.8.7, the `/controle/control.php` dispatch endpoint accepts attacker-controlled `nomeClasse`, `metodo`, and record identifier parameters through `extract($_REQ…
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High 7.5
Bricks Theme Broken Access Control via load_popup_content
Bricks Theme 2.4 and before for WordPress contains an unauthenticated broken access control vulnerability in the load_popup_content REST endpoint that allows anonymous attackers to read draft and unpublished page content by supplying a popupId parameter witho…
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High 7.6
FreeMail before 5.3.2 Authorization Bypass via /api/create Mailbox Claiming
FreeMail before 5.3.2 contains an authorization bypass vulnerability that allows authenticated users to claim another user's existing mailbox via the POST /api/create endpoint. Attackers who know a victim's address can become co-owners through assignMailboxTo…
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High 7.5
Cross-user Document Access on Foxit Official Website's HTML-to-PDF Service
A broken access control vulnerability exists in the Foxit official website’s HTML-to-PDF conversion service due to the use of a shared token for submitted conversion documents. This may allow unauthorized users to access documents submitted by other users.
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High 8.1
MailWatch: IDOR lets any authenticated user release or delete another tenant's quarantined mail
MailWatch for MailScanner is a web-based front-end to MailScanner. Prior to 1.2.27, any authenticated MailWatch user, including the U/user, D/domain-admin, and H/host roles, can release to inbox or permanently delete the quarantined mail of any other user or …
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High 8.6
LangGraph JavaScript custom authentication may permit cross-user Store access
langgraph-api implements the LangGraph API for rapid development and testing. From 0.1.2 until 0.15.0, JavaScript or TypeScript custom authentication Store authorization handlers can return a rewritten namespace that is not carried across the runtime boundary…
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High 8.3
YosemiteCrew: Missing organization authorization on service and PMS library/template routes
YosemiteCrew provides organization-based service and task management. In the source-reported affected main and dev snapshots, YosemiteCrew's service and PMS task-library/template routes omit organization and permission checks. `authorizeCognito` in `apps/back…
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High 8.5
identrail: Cross-tenant GitHub installation binding without ownership verification
identrail is a machine identity security platform for AWS, GitHub/OIDC, and Kubernetes. Prior to 1.0.2, the default-on `POST /v1/workspaces/:workspace_id/projects/:project_id/github/connect/complete` endpoint in `internal/api/router.go` accepts `installation_…
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High 8.8
Authlib RFC 7592 examples omit registration-access-token client binding
Authlib is a Python library which builds OAuth and OpenID Connect servers. From 0.15 until 1.9.1, the documented ClientConfigurationEndpoint.authenticate_client and ClientConfigurationEndpoint.check_permission reference implementations look up a target client…
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High 7.1
REDAXO before 5.21.4 Missing Authorization in Media Pool Bulk Move
REDAXO before 5.21.4 contains a missing authorization vulnerability in the media pool bulk move that checks only target category permission, ignoring the source category. Authenticated backend users with permission for one media category can move files from r…
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High 8.8
Apache Vysper: Authorization bypass
**UNSUPPORTED WHEN ASSIGNED** Authorization bypass in Apache Vysper, all versions. Apache Vysper is an XMPP (Jabber) server library. Its XEP-0077 (In-Band Registration) implementation is missing an authentication check, allowing any authenticated user to com…
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High 7.6
An upsert on the primary key in Ash ignores attribute multitenancy, so one tenant can read, overwrite and take over another tenant's records
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in ash-project ash allows a user of one tenant to read, overwrite and take over another tenant's records via an upserting create action. Under attribute multitenancy, Ash.Actions.Create (lib/ash/a…
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High 7.1
Homestay3 homestay-backend 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT contains an IDOR in ChatServiceImpl. An authenticated user can view conversat…
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High 7.5
phpMyFAQ before 4.1.10 Authorization Bypass via /api/faq/create openQuestionID
phpMyFAQ before 4.1.10 contains an object-level authorization bypass vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to modify or delete any visitor question by supplying an arbitrary openQuestionID to POST /api/faq/create. Attackers solving the CAPTCHA c…
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High 8.8
Dokploy through 0.30.10 Cross-Organization Authorization Bypass via Application tRPC Router
Dokploy through 0.30.10 contains an authorization bypass vulnerability that allows owners or admins of any organization to control other tenants' applications by supplying foreign applicationId values. Attackers can call procedures like saveEnvironment, updat…
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High 8.1
Authentication Source Verification Issue in Okta Access Gateway
Okta Access Gateway (OAG) does not validate the selected authentication source during sign-on. An authenticated user with an active session can modify the authentication source parameter, which may generate a SAML assertion granting access to the Admin Consol…
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High 7.1
Cross user deletion and modification of cart and wishlist rows in Ecommerce Template through unscoped primary key queries
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key (CWE-639) in the cart and wishlist repositories of MarcosCamara01 Ecommerce Template allows any authenticated user to delete and modify the cart and wishlist rows of any other user, because cartRepository.delet…
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High 8.3
Netmaker through 1.7.0 Authorization Bypass via updateExtClient Unscoped Lookup
Netmaker through 1.7.0 contains an authorization bypass vulnerability in the updateExtClient handler that allows network-scoped users to modify external clients on other networks. Attackers with external client permissions on one network can send PUT requests…
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High 7.7
Trigger.dev before 4.5.6 Cross-Tenant SQL Injection via TSQL Window-Function Name
Trigger.dev before 4.5.6 contains an SQL injection vulnerability in the TSQL query compiler, which concatenates window-function names into generated ClickHouse SQL without allowlisting or escaping. Authenticated customers can submit a backtick-quoted identifi…
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High 8.1
Trigger.dev before 4.5.6 Cross-Organization Schedule Deletion via Unscoped friendlyId Lookup
Trigger.dev before 4.5.6 contains an authorization bypass vulnerability in DeleteTaskScheduleService and SetActiveOnTaskScheduleService that allows authenticated users to delete or disable other organizations' schedules. Attackers can send delete or disable a…
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High 7.1
Trigger.dev before 4.5.6 Cross-Tenant Deployment Hijack via createDeploymentBackgroundWorkerV4
Trigger.dev before 4.5.6 contains an authorization bypass vulnerability in createDeploymentBackgroundWorkerV4 that resolves a WorkerDeployment by friendlyId alone, without environment, project, or organization scoping. Attackers holding only their own environ…
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High 8.3
Trigger.dev before 4.6.0 Missing Authorization via Waitpoint Token Wait Endpoint
Trigger.dev before 4.6.0 contains a missing authorization vulnerability in the waitpoint token wait endpoint that allows authenticated attackers to block runs belonging to other organizations. Attackers holding any secret API key can supply a victim run ID wi…
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High 8.1
Trigger.dev before 4.7.0 Missing Authorization via Batch parentRunId Waitpoints
Trigger.dev before 4.7.0 contains a missing authorization vulnerability that allows holders of unrestricted environment API keys to block runs they do not own by supplying a foreign parentRunId to batch-creation endpoints. Attackers can send requests to POST …
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High 7.4
OpenChoreo: Authorization bypass on WorkflowRun update allows cross-project takeover of workflow runs
OpenChoreo is a developer platform for Kubernetes. From 1.0.0 until 1.0.6, 1.1.7, and 1.2.5, the PUT .../workflowruns/{runName} update route authorizes a request using the openchoreo.dev/project and openchoreo.dev/component labels in the submitted body while …
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High 8.6
MCP TypeScript SDK: Experimental tasks were not tied to the session that created them
MCP TypeScript SDK is the official TypeScript SDK for Model Context Protocol servers and clients. From version 1.24.0 to before version 1.32.0, the experimental tasks feature (taskStore) did not check which session created a task. Clients sharing one InMemory…
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High 7.1
Stirling-PDF 3.0.0 through 3.2.0 Authorization Bypass via Processing Folders
Stirling-PDF 3.0.0 through 3.2.0 contains an authorization bypass vulnerability that allows authenticated users to access other users' stored files by pointing a processing folder at the server storage directory. Attackers can create a folder via POST /api/v1…
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High 8.9
Unblu Spark Authorization Bypass in Configuration Cascade Operations
Missing authorization in the configuration cascade operations of the Collaboration Server in Unblu inc. Unblu Spark 7.0 through 8.36.1-hotfix.0, on on-premises and cloud deployments, allows an authenticated remote attacker to read and change configuration pro…
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High 8.1
Letta through 0.16.8 Cross-Tenant Impersonation via user_id Header
Letta through 0.16.8 contains an authentication bypass vulnerability that allows API callers to impersonate other users by supplying a self-asserted user_id HTTP header. Attackers can set user_id to another tenant's ID, even with LETTA_SERVER_SECURE enabled, …
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High 8.3
Coze Studio through 0.5.1 Cross-Space Workflow IDOR via Workflow API Handlers
Coze Studio through 0.5.1 contains an insecure direct object reference vulnerability in workflow.go that allows authenticated users to access other spaces' workflows by supplying foreign workflowIDs. Attackers can pair their own spaceID with another tenant's …
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High 8.3
Langflow OSS Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
IBM Langflow OSS 1.0.0 through 1.12.4 contains three message endpoints that perform no ownership verification. Any authenticated user can bulk-delete another user's messages, overwrite message content to inject malicious prompts, or hijack an entire conversat…
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High 8.1
Camunda Missing Authorization in Task Sub-Resources
Camunda 7.24.0 before 7.24.14 and 7.23.0 before 7.23.17 contains a missing authorization check vulnerability in engine-rest task sub-resources that allows authenticated attackers with no permission grants to access task comments and attachments by calling sin…
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High 7.1
Krayin CRM before 2.2.7 Broken Object Level Authorization in Mail Module
Krayin CRM before 2.2.7 contains a broken object level authorization vulnerability in EmailController write actions that allows scope-restricted authenticated users to manipulate other users' emails by supplying their numeric IDs. Attackers can call update, d…
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High 7.5
WordPress Electronic Signature Add-on for Fluent Forms plugin <= 2.0.5 - Insecure Direct Object References (IDOR) vulnerability
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in WP E-Signature Electronic Signature Add-on for Fluent Forms signature-fluent-contract-forms-add-on allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Ele…
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High 8.3
phpMyFAQ 4.0.0 before 4.1.9 and 4.2.0-alpha before 4.2.0-beta BOLA in FAQ Update via REST API
phpMyFAQ 4.0.0 before 4.1.9 and 4.2.0-alpha before 4.2.0-beta contains a broken object-level authorization vulnerability in the PUT /api/v3.1/faq/update endpoint, which checks only the global edit_faq permission and does not verify access to the target FAQ. A…
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High 7.5
Kirki <= 6.3.2 - Insecure Direct Object Reference to Unauthenticated Sensitive Information Exposure via Context Smuggling via 'context' Parameter
The Kirki – Freeform Page Builder, Website Builder & Customizer plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object Reference in all versions up to, and including, 6.3.2 via the 'context' parameter due to missing validation on a user controlled key. …
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High 8.1
Tandoor Recipes: Private recipe authorization bypass via /api/step/ - read and modify another Space member's private recipe content
Tandoor Recipes is an application for managing recipes, planning meals, and building shopping lists. Prior to 2.6.12, StepViewSet and IngredientViewSet filter only by active Space and use role-level CustomIsUser checks instead of the private-recipe owner or s…