Weakness (CWE)
CWE-639: Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
The system's authorization functionality does not prevent one user from gaining access to another user's data or record by modifying the key value identifying the data.
More detail
It is likely that an attacker would have to be an authenticated user in the system. However, the authorization process would not properly check the data access operation to ensure that the authenticated user performing the operation has sufficient entitlements to perform the requested data access, hence bypassing any other authorization checks present in the system.
For example, attackers can look at places where user specific data is retrieved (e.g. search screens) and determine whether the key for the item being looked up is controllable externally. The key may be a hidden field in the HTML form field, might be passed as a URL parameter or as an unencrypted cookie variable, then in each of these cases it will be possible to tamper with the key value.
How to prevent it (3 mitigations)
-
Architecture and Design
For each and every data access, ensure that the user has sufficient privilege to access the record that is being requested.
-
Architecture and Design, Implementation
Make sure that the key that is used in the lookup of a specific user's record is not controllable externally by the user or that any tampering can be detected.
-
Architecture and Design
Use encryption in order to make it more difficult to guess other legitimate values of the key or associate a digital signature with the key so that the server can verify that there has been no tampering.
Source: MITRE CWE-639
3,334 results · Feed
-
High 7.1
Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) Vulnerability in e-Sushrut HMIS
This vulnerability exists in e-Sushrut due to improper access control in resource access validation. An authenticated attacker could exploit this vulnerability by manipulating parameter in the API request URL to gain unauthorized access to sensitive informati…
-
High 7.7
Outline has IDOR in document share creation that allows unauthorized access to private documents across workspaces
Outline is a service that allows for collaborative documentation. The `shares.create` API endpoint starting in version 0.86.0 and prior to version 1.7.0 has an insecure direct object reference.. When both `collectionId` and `documentId` are provided in the re…
-
Medium 5.4
OpenClaw < 2026.3.31 - Sender Allowlist Bypass via Thread History and Quoted Messages
OpenClaw before 2026.3.31 contains a sender allowlist bypass vulnerability that allows remote attackers to access restricted messages. Attackers can exploit fetched quoted, root, and thread context messages to bypass sender allowlist restrictions and retrieve…
-
Critical 9.8
NVIDIA NVFlare Dashboard: Authorization bypass through user-controlled key via user management and authentication system
NVIDIA NVFlare Dashboard contains a vulnerability in the user management and authentication system where an unauthenticated attacker may cause authorization bypass through user-controlled key. A successful exploit of this vulnerability may lead to privilege e…
-
Medium 5.8
OpenClaw < 2026.4.2 - Loopback Protection Bypass via Trailing-Dot Localhost in CDP Discovery
OpenClaw before 2026.4.2 fails to normalize trailing-dot localhost hosts in remote CDP discovery responses, allowing bypass of loopback protections. Attackers can craft hostile discovery responses returning localhost. to retarget authenticated browser control…
-
High 7.1
Milesight Cameras Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
A weak key generation vulnerability exists in specific firmware versions of Milesight AIOT cameras allows authorization to be bypassed.
-
Medium 5.4
mettle sendportal Invitation WorkspaceInvitationsController.php destroy authorization
A weakness has been identified in mettle sendportal up to 3.0.1. Affected is the function destroy of the file app/Http/Controllers/Workspaces/WorkspaceInvitationsController.php of the component Invitation Handler. This manipulation of the argument invitation …
-
Medium 4.3
1000 Projects Portfolio Management System MCA update_passwd_process.php authorization
A security flaw has been discovered in 1000 Projects Portfolio Management System MCA 1.0. This impacts an unknown function of the file update_passwd_process.php. The manipulation of the argument temp_user results in authorization bypass. The attack can be lau…
-
Medium 5.3
Authenticated user can bypass authorization in Ribblr - Crochet & Knitting iOS application
Authenticated user can bypass authorization in Ribblr - Crochet & Knitting iOS application
-
Medium 5.3
Booking Calendar Contact Form <= 1.2.63 - Authenticated (Subscriber+) Insecure Direct Object Reference to Calendar Takeover
The Booking Calendar Contact Form plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object Reference in all versions up to, and including, 1.2.63 via the dex_bccf_admin_int_calendar_list.inc.php file due to missing validation on a user controlled key. Thi…
-
Medium 5.3
Maxi Blocks <= 2.1.8 - Missing Authorization to Authenticated (Author+) Media File Deletion via 'old_media_src' Parameter
The MaxiBlocks Builder plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary media file deletion due to insufficient file ownership validation on the 'maxi_remove_custom_image_size' AJAX action in all versions up to, and including, 2.1.8. This makes it possible for…
-
Medium 4.3
Xibo CMS has Preview and SavedReport IDOR via disableUserCheck without controller-level authorization
Xibo is an open source digital signage platform with a web content management system and Windows display player software. Prior to version 4.4.1, any authenticated user can manually construct a URL to preview campaigns/regions, and export saved reports belong…
-
High 8.7
Authorization bypass through User-Controlled key in SpiceJet Online Booking System
A vulnerability in SpiceJet’s booking API allows unauthenticated users to query passenger name records (PNRs) without any access controls. Because PNR identifiers follow a predictable pattern, an attacker could systematically enumerate valid records and obtai…
-
High 8.2
Flowise: Unauthenticated TTS endpoint accepts arbitrary credential IDs — enables API credit abuse via stored credentials
Flowise is a drag & drop user interface to build a customized large language model flow. Prior to 3.1.0, the text-to-speech generation endpoint (POST /api/v1/text-to-speech/generate) is whitelisted (no auth) and accepts a credentialId directly in the request …
-
High 7.6
Flowise: Mass Assignment in DocumentStore Create Endpoint Leads to Cross-Workspace Object Takeover (IDOR)
Flowise is a drag & drop user interface to build a customized large language model flow. Prior to 3.1.0, a Mass Assignment vulnerability in the DocumentStore creation endpoint allows authenticated users to control the primary key (id) and internal state field…
-
High 8.1
Flowise: Improper Mass Assignment in Account Registration Enables Unauthorized Organization Association
Flowise is a drag & drop user interface to build a customized large language model flow. Prior to 3.1.0, an improper mass assignment (JSON injection) vulnerability in the account registration endpoint of Flowise Cloud allows unauthenticated attackers to injec…
-
Medium 4.7
Webkitgtk: authorization bypass through webpage::send-request signal handler
An API design flaw in WebKitGTK and WPE WebKit allows untrusted web content to unexpectedly perform IP connections, DNS lookups, and HTTP requests. Applications expect to use the WebPage::send-request signal handler to approve or reject all network requests. …
-
Critical 9.8
ThinkPHP 5.0.23 Remote Code Execution via invokefunction
ThinkPHP 5.0.23 contains a remote code execution vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code by invoking functions through the routing parameter. Attackers can craft requests to the index.php endpoint with malicious funct…
-
High 7.6
Insecure direct object reference (IDOR) vulnerability in Fullstep
An insecure direct object reference (IDOR) vulnerability in the Fullstep V5 registration process allows authenticated users to access data belonging to other registered users through various vulnerable authenticated resources in the application. The vulnerabl…
-
Medium 6.5
BigBlueButton's missing authorization allows viewer to inject/overwrite captions
BigBlueButton is an open-source virtual classroom. Versions prior to 3.0.24 have a missing authorization that allows viewers to inject/overwrite captions Version 3.0.24 tightened the permissions on who is able to submit captions. No known workarounds are avai…
-
High 7.2
Improper authorization fallback allows scoped user-to-server token installation escape in GitHub Enterprise Server
An improper authorization vulnerability in scoped user-to-server (ghu_) token authorization in GitHub Enterprise Server allows an authenticated attacker to access private repositories outside the intended installation scope, which can include write operations…
-
Medium 5.3
Authorization bypass in GitHub Enterprise Server secret scanning push protection allows cross-repository modification of delegated bypass reviewers
An authorization bypass vulnerability was identified in GitHub Enterprise Server that allowed an attacker with admin access on one repository to modify the secret scanning push protection delegated bypass reviewer list on another repository by manipulating th…
-
Medium 6.5
WWBN AVideo has IDOR in Live Restreams list.json.php that Exposes Other Users' Stream Keys and OAuth Tokens
WWBN AVideo is an open source video platform. In versions 29.0 and prior, the endpoint `plugin/Live/view/Live_restreams/list.json.php` contains an Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) vulnerability that allows any authenticated user with streaming permissi…
-
High 7.1
Horilla: Unauthorized Helpdesk Attachment Access via Attachment ID Manipulation
Horilla is a free and open source Human Resource Management System (HRMS). In 1.5.0, a broken access control vulnerability in the helpdesk attachment viewer allows any authenticated user to view attachments from other tickets by changing the attachment ID. Th…
-
High 8.6
Horilla: Unauthorized Document Overwrite via File Upload Endpoint
Horilla is a free and open source Human Resource Management System (HRMS). In 1.5.0, an insecure direct object reference in the employee document upload endpoint allows any authenticated user to overwrite or replace or corrupt another employee’s document by c…
-
High 7.1
Horilla: Insecure Direct Object Reference at `/employee/view-file/<int:id>
Horilla is a free and open source Human Resource Management System (HRMS). In 1.5.0, an insecure direct object reference in the employee document viewer allows any authenticated user to access other employees’ uploaded documents by changing the document ID in…
-
High 7.1
FreeScout: Improper Authorization in Phone Conversation Creation Enables Cross-Mailbox Hidden Customer Modification
FreeScout is a free self-hosted help desk and shared mailbox. Prior to version 1.8.214, the phone-conversation creation flow accepts attacker-controlled `customer_id`, `name`, `to_email`, and `phone` values and resolves the target customer in the backend with…
-
Medium 4.3
FreeScout's Customer AJAX Create Modifies Hidden Existing Customer
FreeScout is a free self-hosted help desk and shared mailbox. Prior to version 1.8.214, the Change Customer modal exposes a “Create a new customer” flow via POST /customers/ajax with action=create. Under limited visibility, the endpoint drops unique-email val…
-
High 7.6
FreeScout has Customer Edit Cross-Mailbox Email Takeover
FreeScout is a free self-hosted help desk and shared mailbox. Prior to version 1.8.214, a low-privileged agent can edit a visible customer and add an email address already owned by a hidden customer in another mailbox. The server discloses the hidden customer…
-
Medium 5.7
FreeScout's Missing Authorization in load_customer_info Allows Any Authenticated User to Access Full Customer PII
FreeScout is a free self-hosted help desk and shared mailbox. Prior to version 1.8.213, the `load_customer_info` action in `POST /conversation/ajax` returns complete customer profile data to any authenticated user without verifying mailbox access. An attacker…
-
Critical 9.0
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key in Crafty Controller
An insecure direct object reference vulnerability in the Users API component of Crafty Controller allows a remote, authenticated attacker to perform user modification actions via improper API permissions validation.
-
High 8.8
Neko has Self-service Privilege Escalation for Authenticated Users
Neko is a a self-hosted virtual browser that runs in Docker and uses WebRTC In versions 3.0.0 through 3.0.10 and 3.1.0 through 3.1.1, any authenticated user can immediately obtain full administrative control of the entire Neko instance (member management, roo…
-
Medium 6.5
OpenProject has Cross-Project Meeting Agenda Item Injection via Unscoped Section Lookup
OpenProject is open-source, web-based project management software. Prior to version 17.3.0, a user with `manage_agendas` permission in any project can inject agenda items into meetings belonging to any other project on the instance — even projects they have n…
-
Medium 6.3
TransformerOptimus SuperAGI project.py get_projects_organisation authorization
A security flaw has been discovered in TransformerOptimus SuperAGI up to 0.0.14. Affected by this vulnerability is the function get_project/update_project/get_projects_organisation of the file superagi/controllers/project.py. The manipulation results in autho…
-
Medium 6.3
TransformerOptimus SuperAGI agent.py get_schedule_data authorization
A vulnerability was identified in TransformerOptimus SuperAGI up to 0.0.14. Affected is the function delete_agent/stop_schedule/get_schedule_data of the file superagi/controllers/agent.py. The manipulation of the argument agent_id leads to authorization bypas…
-
Medium 6.3
TransformerOptimus SuperAGI Agent Execution Endpoint agent_execution.py update_agent_execution authorization
A vulnerability was determined in TransformerOptimus SuperAGI up to 0.0.14. This impacts the function get_agent_execution/update_agent_execution of the file superagi/controllers/agent_execution.py of the component Agent Execution Endpoint. Executing a manipul…
-
Medium 6.5CVE-2025-66954 Public exploit
A vulnerability exists in the Buffalo Link Station version 1.85-0.01 that allows unauthenticated or guest-level users t…
-
Medium 6.3
TransformerOptimus SuperAGI Budget Endpoint budget.py update_budget authorization
A vulnerability was identified in TransformerOptimus SuperAGI up to 0.0.14. Impacted is the function get_budget/update_budget of the file superagi/controllers/budget.py of the component Budget Endpoint. Such manipulation leads to authorization bypass. It is p…
-
Medium 5.4
TransformerOptimus SuperAGI Organisation Update Endpoint organisation.py update_organisation authorization
A vulnerability was determined in TransformerOptimus SuperAGI up to 0.0.14. This issue affects the function update_organisation of the file superagi/controllers/organisation.py of the component Organisation Update Endpoint. This manipulation of the argument o…
-
Medium 5.4
TransformerOptimus SuperAGI User Update Endpoint user.py update_user authorization
A vulnerability was found in TransformerOptimus SuperAGI up to 0.0.14. This vulnerability affects the function update_user of the file superagi/controllers/user.py of the component User Update Endpoint. The manipulation of the argument user_id results in auth…