Weakness (CWE)
CWE-639: Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
The system's authorization functionality does not prevent one user from gaining access to another user's data or record by modifying the key value identifying the data.
More detail
It is likely that an attacker would have to be an authenticated user in the system. However, the authorization process would not properly check the data access operation to ensure that the authenticated user performing the operation has sufficient entitlements to perform the requested data access, hence bypassing any other authorization checks present in the system.
For example, attackers can look at places where user specific data is retrieved (e.g. search screens) and determine whether the key for the item being looked up is controllable externally. The key may be a hidden field in the HTML form field, might be passed as a URL parameter or as an unencrypted cookie variable, then in each of these cases it will be possible to tamper with the key value.
How to prevent it (3 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
For each and every data access, ensure that the user has sufficient privilege to access the record that is being requested.
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Architecture and Design, Implementation
Make sure that the key that is used in the lookup of a specific user's record is not controllable externally by the user or that any tampering can be detected.
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Architecture and Design
Use encryption in order to make it more difficult to guess other legitimate values of the key or associate a digital signature with the key so that the server can verify that there has been no tampering.
Source: MITRE CWE-639
3,334 results · Feed
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Medium 5.4
TransformerOptimus SuperAGI API Key Management Endpoint api_key.py edit_api_key authorization
A vulnerability has been found in TransformerOptimus SuperAGI up to 0.0.14. This affects the function delete_api_key/edit_api_key of the file superagi/controllers/api_key.py of the component API Key Management Endpoint. The manipulation leads to authorization…
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Medium 6.3
kodcloud KodExplorer systemRole.class.php roleGroupAction authorization
A weakness has been identified in kodcloud KodExplorer up to 4.52. Affected by this vulnerability is the function roleGroupAction of the file /app/controller/systemRole.class.php. Executing a manipulation of the argument group_role can lead to authorization b…
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Low 2.7
kodcloud KodExplorer systemMember.class.php initInstall authorization
A security flaw has been discovered in kodcloud KodExplorer up to 4.52. Affected is the function initInstall of the file /app/controller/systemMember.class.php. Performing a manipulation of the argument path results in authorization bypass. The attack may be …
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High 7.1
ChurchCRM has Missing Object-Level Authorization / IDOR in `/api/person/{personId}`
ChurchCRM is an open-source church management system. In versions prior to 7.2.0, the GET /api/person/{personId} endpoint loads and returns person records without performing object-level authorization checks. Although the legacy PersonView.php page enforces c…
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Medium 5.3
LatePoint <= 5.3.2 - Insecure Direct Object Reference to Unauthenticated Sensitive Financial Data Exposure via Sequential Invoice ID
The LatePoint plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object Reference in all versions up to, and including, 5.3.2. The vulnerability exists because the OsStripeConnectController::create_payment_intent_for_transaction action is registered as a p…
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High 8.1
Vault KVv2 Metadata and Secret Deletion Policy Bypass Denial-of-Service
An authenticated user with access to a kvv2 path through a policy containing a glob may be able to delete secrets they were not authorized to read or write, resulting in denial-of-service. This vulnerability did not allow a malicious user to delete secrets ac…
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Critical 9.9
Paperclip: Cross-tenant agent API key IDOR in `/agents/:id/keys` routes allows full victim-company compromise
## Summary The `GET`, `POST`, and `DELETE` handlers under `/agents/:id/keys` in the Paperclip control-plane API only call `assertBoard(req)`, which verifies that the caller has a board-type session but does not verify that the caller has access to the company…
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Critical 9.9
Paperclip: Cross-tenant agent API token minting via missing assertCompanyAccess on /api/agents/:id/keys
<img width="7007" height="950" alt="01-setup" src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/1596b8d1-8de5-4c21-b1d2-2db41b568d7e" /> > Isolated paperclip instance running in authenticated mode (default config) > on a clean Docker image matching commit b649b…
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High 8.8CVE-2026-40308 Scanner template
My Calendar: Unauthenticated Information Disclosure (IDOR) via Multisite switch_to_blog
My Calendar is a WordPress plugin for managing calendar events. In versions 3.7.6 and below, the mc_ajax_mcjs_action AJAX endpoint, registered for unauthenticated users, passes user-supplied arguments through parse_str() without validation, allowing injection…
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Medium 5.3
Fluent Forms – Customizable Contact Forms, Survey, Quiz, & Conversational Form Builder <= 6.1.21 - Insecure Direct Object Reference in Stripe SCA Confirmation to Unauthenticated Payment Status Modification
The Fluent Forms – Customizable Contact Forms, Survey, Quiz, & Conversational Form Builder plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object Reference via the 'submission_id' parameter in versions up to, and including, 6.1.21. This is due to missin…
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High 8.1
WordPress FluentBoards plugin <= 1.91.2 - Insecure Direct Object References (IDOR) vulnerability
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in Mahmudul Hasan Arif FluentBoards fluent-boards allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects FluentBoards: from n/a through <= 1.91.2.
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Medium 5.3
WordPress COMPE plugin <= 1.1.4 - Insecure Direct Object References (IDOR) vulnerability
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in VillaTheme COMPE compe-woo-compare-products allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects COMPE: from n/a through <= 1.1.4.
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High 8.8
Login as User <= 1.0.3 - Authenticated (Subscriber+) Privilege Escalation via 'oclaup_original_admin' Cookie
The Login as User plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Privilege Escalation in all versions up to, and including, 1.0.3. This is due to the handle_return_to_admin() function trusting a client-controlled cookie (oclaup_original_admin) to determine which user …
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Medium 4.3
Avada (Fusion) Builder <= 3.15.1 - Authenticated (Subscriber+) Sensitive Information Exposure via Insecure Direct Object Reference
The Avada (Fusion) Builder plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Sensitive Information Exposure in all versions up to, and including, 3.15.1. This is due to the plugin's `fusion_get_post_custom_field()` function failing to validate whether metadata keys are p…
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Medium 5.4CVE-2026-34213 Public exploit
Docmost has cross-page attachment overwrite via flawed attachmentId overwrite validation
Docmost is open-source collaborative wiki and documentation software. Starting in version 0.3.0 and prior to version 0.71.0, improper authorization in Docmost allows a low-privileged authenticated user to overwrite another page's attachment within the same wo…
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High 7.1
Chamilo LMS: IDOR in /api/course_rel_users Allows Unauthorized Enrollment of Arbitrary Users into Courses
Chamilo LMS is an open-source learning management system. In versions prior to 2.0.0-RC.3, the /api/course_rel_users endpoint is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR), allowing an authenticated attacker to modify the user parameter in the requ…
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Medium 6.5
Chamilo LMS: IDOR in the Notebook Module allows an attacker to view other users' private notes
Chamilo LMS is an open-source learning management system. In versions prior to 2.0.0-RC.3, the notebook module contains an Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) vulnerability that allows any authenticated student to read the private course notes of any othe…
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Medium 5.3
Authentication bypass in MCPHub
MCPHub in versions below 0.11.0 is vulnerable to authentication bypass. Some endpoints are not protected by authentication middleware, allowing an unauthenticated attacker to perform actions in the name of other users and using their privileges.
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High 8.8
A vulnerability has been identified in SINEC NMS (All versions < V4.0 SP3). Affected products do not properly validate …
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Low —
Fat Free CRM has BOLA in DELETE /emails/:id - Any authenticated user can hit this endpoint and delete emails by ID
### Impact Authenticated users can delete emails imported into the system assigned to another user; where the [Email Dropbox](https://github.com/fatfreecrm/fat_free_crm/wiki/Email-Dropbox) is in use. ### Patches Fixed in v0.26.0 ### Workarounds Disable use of…
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High 8.1
Webkul Krayin CRM has Broken Object-Level Authorization (BOLA) in the /Contact/Persons/PersonController.php
A Broken Object-Level Authorization (BOLA) in the /Contact/Persons/PersonController.php endpoint of Webkul Krayin CRM v2.2.x allows authenticated attackers to arbitrarily read, modify, and permanently delete any contact owned by other users via supplying a cr…
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High 8.8
Webkul Krayin CRM has Broken Object-Level Authorization (BOLA) in the /Settings/UserController.php
A Broken Object-Level Authorization (BOLA) in the /Settings/UserController.php endpoint of Webkul Krayin CRM v2.2.x allows authenticated attackers to arbitrarily reset user passwords and perform a full account takeover via supplying a crafted HTTP request.
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High 8.1
Webkul Krayin CRM has Broken Object-Level Authorization (BOLA) in the /Controllers/Lead/LeadController.php
A Broken Object-Level Authorization (BOLA) in the /Controllers/Lead/LeadController.php endpoint of Webkul Krayin CRM v2.2.x allows authenticated attackers to arbitrarily read, modify, and permanently delete any lead owned by other users via supplying a crafte…
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Medium 5.4
EspoCRM: Email importEml can import and delete another user's attachment by raw fileId
EspoCRM is an open source customer relationship management application. In versions 9.3.3 and below, the POST /api/v1/Email/importEml endpoint contains an Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) vulnerability where the attacker-supplied fileId parameter is us…
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Medium 6.5
Pachno 1.0.6 Authentication Bypass via runSwitchUser()
Pachno 1.0.6 contains an authentication bypass vulnerability in the runSwitchUser() action that allows authenticated low-privilege users to escalate privileges by manipulating the original_username cookie. Attackers can set the client-controlled original_user…
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Medium 4.3
Tutor LMS <= 3.9.7 - Authenticated (Subscriber+) Insecure Direct Object Reference to Arbitrary Course Content Modification
The Tutor LMS – eLearning and online course solution plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object Reference in all versions up to, and including, 3.9.7. This is due to missing authorization checks in the `save_course_content_order()` private m…
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Medium 5.3
Broken Access Control (IDOR) Leading to Cross-Tenant Application Access in FastGPT
FastGPT is an AI Agent building platform. Prior to 4.14.10.4, Broken Access Control vulnerability (IDOR/BOLA) allows any authenticated team to access and execute applications belonging to other teams by supplying a foreign appId. While the API correctly valid…
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Medium 6.5
Chamilo LMS has an Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) - User Data Exposure
Chamilo LMS is a learning management system. Prior to 2.0.0-RC.3, any authenticated user (including ROLE_STUDENT) can enumerate all platform users and access personal information (email, phone, roles) via GET /api/users, including administrator accounts. This…
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High 7.1
Chamilo LMS Critical IDOR: Any Authenticated User Can Extract All Users’ Personal Data and API Tokens
Chamilo LMS is a learning management system. Prior to 2.0.0-RC.3, an Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) vulnerability in the /social-network/personal-data/{userId} endpoint allows any authenticated user to access full personal data and API tokens of arbi…
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High 7.1
Chamilo LMS has an Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR)
Chamilo LMS is a learning management system. Prior to 1.11.38 and 2.0.0-RC.3, Chamilo LMS contains an Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) vulnerability in the Learning Path progress saving endpoint. The file lp_ajax_save_item.php accepts a uid (user ID) p…
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Medium 6.5
Chamilo LMS has an IDOR in REST API Stats Endpoint Exposes Any User's Learning Data
Chamilo LMS is a learning management system. Prior to 2.0.0-RC.3, an Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) vulnerability in the REST API stats endpoint allows any authenticated user (including low-privilege students with ROLE_USER) to read any other user's …
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High 7.1
Chamilo LMS has an IDOR in Gradebook Allows Cross-Course Evaluation Edit Without Ownership Check
Chamilo LMS is a learning management system. Prior to 1.11.38 and 2.0.0-RC.3, an Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) vulnerability in the gradebook evaluation edit page allows any authenticated teacher to view and modify the settings (name, max score, wei…
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High 7.1
Chamilo LMS has an IDOR in Gradebook Allows Cross-Course Deletion of Any Student's Grade Result
Chamilo LMS is a learning management system. Prior to 1.11.38 and 2.0.0-RC.3, an Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) vulnerability in the gradebook result view page allows any authenticated teacher to delete any student's grade result across the entire pl…
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Medium 5.9
OpenClaw < 2026.3.22 - Webhook Reply Rebinding via Username Resolution in Synology Chat
OpenClaw before 2026.3.22 contains a webhook reply delivery vulnerability that allows attackers to rebind chat replies to unintended users by exploiting mutable username matching instead of stable numeric user identifiers. Attackers can manipulate username ch…
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Medium 6.5
OpenClaw < 2026.3.25 - Authorization Bypass in HTTP Session History Route
OpenClaw before 2026.3.25 contains an authorization bypass vulnerability in the HTTP /sessions/:sessionKey/history route that skips operator.read scope validation. Attackers can access session history without proper operator read permissions by sending HTTP r…
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High 7.2
CouchCMS Privilege Escalation via f_k_levels_list Parameter
CouchCMS contains a privilege escalation vulnerability that allows authenticated Admin-level users to create SuperAdmin accounts by tampering with the f_k_levels_list parameter in user creation requests. Attackers can modify the parameter value from 4 to 10 i…
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Medium 6.5
OpenClaw 2026.3.11 < 2026.3.25 - Session Isolation Bypass via sessionId Resolution
OpenClaw versions 2026.3.11 through 2026.3.24 contain a session isolation bypass vulnerability where session_status resolves sessionId to canonical session keys before enforcing visibility checks. Sandboxed child sessions can exploit this to access parent or …
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Medium 4.2
OpenClaw < 2026.3.22 - Policy Confusion via Room Name Collision in Nextcloud Talk
OpenClaw before 2026.3.22 contains a policy confusion vulnerability in room authorization that matches colliding room names instead of stable room tokens. Attackers can exploit similarly named rooms to bypass allowlist policies and gain unauthorized access to…
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Medium 4.2
OpenClaw < 2026.3.25 - Authorization Bypass via Group Policy Rebinding with Mutable Space displayName
OpenClaw before 2026.3.25 contains an authorization bypass vulnerability in Google Chat group policy enforcement that relies on mutable space display names. Attackers can rebind group policies by changing or colliding space display names to gain unauthorized …
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High 8.5
Directus has a Path Traversal and Broken Access Control in File Management API
Directus is a real-time API and App dashboard for managing SQL database content. Prior to 11.17.0, the PATCH /files/{id} endpoint accepts a user-controlled filename_disk parameter. By setting this value to match the storage path of another user's file, an att…