Weakness (CWE)
CWE-749: Exposed Dangerous Method or Function
The product provides an Applications Programming Interface (API) or similar interface for interaction with external actors, but the interface includes a dangerous method or function that is not properly restricted.
More detail
Many different kinds of technologies effectively provide access to methods or functions, such as ActiveX controls, Java functions, IOCTLs, and so on.
The exposure can occur in a few different ways:
- The function/method was never intended to be exposed to outside actors.
- The function/method was only intended to be accessible to a limited set of actors, such as Internet-based access from a single web site.
How to prevent it (2 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
If you must expose a method, make sure to perform input validation on all arguments, limit access to authorized parties, and protect against all possible vulnerabilities.
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Architecture and Design, Implementation
Identify all exposed functionality. Explicitly list all functionality that must be exposed to some user or set of users. Identify which functionality may be:
- accessible to all users
- restricted to a small set of privileged users
- prevented from being directly accessible at all
Ensure that the implemented code follows these expectations. This includes setting the appropriate access modifiers where applicable (public, private, protected, etc.) or not marking ActiveX controls safe-for-scripting.
Source: MITRE CWE-749
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Critical 9.8
FreeSWITCH: Inbound SIP MESSAGE can select the api chat proto and run FreeSWITCH API commands
FreeSWITCH is a Software Defined Telecom Stack enabling the digital transformation from proprietary telecom switches to a software implementation that runs on any commodity hardware. Prior to 1.11.3, sofia_presence_handle_sip_i_message() split the To user of …
KEV Nov 9, 2026 -
Critical 10.0CVE-2026-77521 Public exploit
MaxKB: Prompt-injectable agent can lead to command execution
MaxKB is an open-source AI assistant for enterprise. Prior to version 2.10.5-lts, assistants with a tool, MCP tool, skill, or sub-application use SandboxShellBackend, which exposes an execute shell tool without excluding it and omits execute from interrupt_on…
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High 8.8CVE-2026-45805 Public exploit
Penpot: MCP REPL server binds to 0.0.0.0 with unauthenticated /execute endpoint — RCE
Penpot is an open-source design tool for design and code collaboration. Prior to 2.15.0, Penpot MCP's mcp/packages/server/src/ReplServer.ts bound the ReplServer to 0.0.0.0:4403 and exposed an unauthenticated /execute endpoint that passed the code field to Plu…
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Medium 4.7CVE-2026-14620 Public exploit
webpack-dev-server vulnerable to cross-site request forgery via internal developer endpoints
webpack-dev-server versions 5.2.5 and earlier expose two internal developer endpoints, /webpack-dev-server/open-editor and /webpack-dev-server/invalidate, that perform state-changing actions on any GET request without verifying that the request originated fro…
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Critical 9.8CVE-2026-24118 Public exploit
VM2 Sandbox Breakout Through __lookupGetter__
vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to version 3.11.0, VM2 suffers from a sandbox breakout vulnerability. This allows attackers to write code which can escape from the VM2 sandbox and execute arbitrary commands on the host system. This issue h…
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High 8.5CVE-2026-5173 Public exploit
Exposed Dangerous Method or Function in GitLab
GitLab has remediated an issue in GitLab CE/EE affecting all versions from 16.9.6 before 18.8.9, 18.9 before 18.9.5, and 18.10 before 18.10.3 that could have allowed an authenticated user to invoke unintended server-side methods through websocket connections …
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Critical 9.8
Milvus Allows Unauthenticated Access to Restful API on Metrics Port (9091) Leads to Critical System Compromise
Milvus is an open-source vector database built for generative AI applications. Prior to 2.5.27 and 2.6.10, Milvus exposes TCP port 9091 by default, which enables authentication bypasses. The /expr debug endpoint uses a weak, predictable default authentication…
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High 8.8
OpenCode's Unauthenticated HTTP Server Allows Arbitrary Command Execution
OpenCode is an open source AI coding agent. Prior to 1.0.216, OpenCode automatically starts an unauthenticated HTTP server that allows any local process (or any website via permissive CORS) to execute arbitrary shell commands with the user's privileges. This …
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Critical 10.0CVE-2022-31491 Public exploit
Voltronic Power ViewPower through 1.04-24215, ViewPower Pro through 2.0-22165, and PowerShield Netguard before 1.04-232…
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Critical 9.6CVE-2025-53964 Public exploit
GoldenDict 1.5.0 and 1.5.1 has an exposed dangerous method that allows reading and modifying files when a user adds a c…
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High 7.8
Foxit PDF Reader exportXFAData Exposed Dangerous Method Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Foxit PDF Reader exportXFAData Exposed Dangerous Method Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Foxit PDF Reader. User interaction is required to exploit this vulne…
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Unscored —CVE-2020-12928 Public exploit
A vulnerability in a dynamically loaded AMD driver in AMD Ryzen Master V15 may allow any authenticated user to escalate…
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Low 3.7
The JMX-Console web application in JBossAs in Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform (aka JBoss EAP or JBEAP) 4.…
KEV May 25, 2022 -
Medium 5.9
The Web Console (aka web-console) in JBossAs in Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform (aka JBoss EAP or JBEAP) …
KEV May 25, 2022