Weakness (CWE)
CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
The product allocates a reusable resource or group of resources on behalf of an actor without imposing any intended restrictions on the size or number of resources that can be allocated.
How to prevent it (8 mitigations)
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Requirements
Clearly specify the minimum and maximum expectations for capabilities, and dictate which behaviors are acceptable when resource allocation reaches limits.
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Architecture and Design
Limit the amount of resources that are accessible to unprivileged users. Set per-user limits for resources. Allow the system administrator to define these limits. Be careful to avoid CWE-410.
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Architecture and Design
Design throttling mechanisms into the system architecture. The best protection is to limit the amount of resources that an unauthorized user can cause to be expended. A strong authentication and access control model will help prevent such attacks from occurring in the first place, and it will help the administrator to identify who is committing the abuse. The login application should be protected against DoS attacks as much as possible. Limiting the database access, perhaps by caching result sets, can help minimize the resources expended. To further limit the potential for a DoS attack, consider tracking the rate of requests received from users and blocking requests that exceed a defined rate threshold.
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
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Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
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Architecture and Design
Mitigation of resource exhaustion attacks requires that the target system either:
- recognizes the attack and denies that user further access for a given amount of time, typically by using increasing time delays
- uniformly throttles all requests in order to make it more difficult to consume resources more quickly than they can again be freed.
The first of these solutions is an issue in itself though, since it may allow attackers to prevent the use of the system by a particular valid user. If the attacker impersonates the valid user, they may be able to prevent the user from accessing the server in question.
The second solution can be difficult to effectively institute -- and even when properly done, it does not provide a full solution. It simply requires more resources on the part of the attacker.
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Architecture and Design
Ensure that protocols have specific limits of scale placed on them.
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Architecture and Design, Implementation
If the program must fail, ensure that it fails gracefully (fails closed). There may be a temptation to simply let the program fail poorly in cases such as low memory conditions, but an attacker may be able to assert control before the software has fully exited. Alternately, an uncontrolled failure could cause cascading problems with other downstream components; for example, the program could send a signal to a downstream process so the process immediately knows that a problem has occurred and has a better chance of recovery.
Ensure that all failures in resource allocation place the system into a safe posture.
Source: MITRE CWE-770
63 results · Clear filters · Feed
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Critical 9.1CVE-2024-38821 Public exploit
Authorization Bypass of Static Resources in WebFlux Applications
Spring WebFlux applications that have Spring Security authorization rules on static resources can be bypassed under certain circumstances. For this to impact an application, all of the following must be true: * It must be a WebFlux application * It must be us…
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High 7.5CVE-2024-44083 Public exploit
ida64.dll in Hex-Rays IDA Pro through 8.4 crashes when there is a section that has many jumps linked, and the final jum…
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Medium 5.3CVE-2024-40094 Public exploit
GraphQL Java does not properly consider ExecutableNormalizedFields (ENFs) as part of preventing denial of service
GraphQL Java (aka graphql-java) before 21.5 does not properly consider ExecutableNormalizedFields (ENFs) as part of preventing denial of service via introspection queries. 20.9 and 19.11 are also fixed versions.
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High 7.5CVE-2024-0760 Public exploit
A flood of DNS messages over TCP may make the server unstable
A malicious client can send many DNS messages over TCP, potentially causing the server to become unstable while the attack is in progress. The server may recover after the attack ceases. Use of ACLs will not mitigate the attack. This issue affects BIND 9 vers…
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High 7.5
Django vulnerable to Denial of Service
An issue was discovered in Django 5.0 before 5.0.7 and 4.2 before 4.2.14. get_supported_language_variant() was subject to a potential denial-of-service attack when used with very long strings containing specific characters.
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Medium 5.3CVE-2024-35176 Public exploit
REXML contains a denial of service vulnerability
REXML is an XML toolkit for Ruby. The REXML gem before 3.2.6 has a denial of service vulnerability when it parses an XML that has many `<`s in an attribute value. Those who need to parse untrusted XMLs may be impacted to this vulnerability. The REXML gem 3.2.…
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High 7.5
Apache HTTP Server: HTTP/2 DoS by memory exhaustion on endless continuation frames
HTTP/2 incoming headers exceeding the limit are temporarily buffered in nghttp2 in order to generate an informative HTTP 413 response. If a client does not stop sending headers, this leads to memory exhaustion.
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Medium 5.5CVE-2024-26308 Public exploit
Apache Commons Compress: OutOfMemoryError unpacking broken Pack200 file
Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling vulnerability in Apache Commons Compress.This issue affects Apache Commons Compress: from 1.21 before 1.26. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 1.26, which fixes the issue.
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High 7.5
Certain DNSSEC aspects of the DNS protocol (in RFC 4033, 4034, 4035, 6840, and related RFCs) allow remote attackers to …
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High 7.5CVE-2023-47108 Public exploit
DoS vulnerability in otelgrpc (uncontrolled resource consumption) due to unbound cardinality metrics
OpenTelemetry-Go Contrib is a collection of third-party packages for OpenTelemetry-Go. Starting in version 0.37.0 and prior to version 0.46.0, the grpc Unary Server Interceptor out of the box adds labels `net.peer.sock.addr` and `net.peer.sock.port` that have…
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High 7.5CVE-2023-39325 Public exploit
HTTP/2 rapid reset can cause excessive work in net/http
A malicious HTTP/2 client which rapidly creates requests and immediately resets them can cause excessive server resource consumption. While the total number of requests is bounded by the http2.Server.MaxConcurrentStreams setting, resetting an in-progress requ…
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High 7.5
When curl retrieves an HTTP response, it stores the incoming headers so that they can be accessed later via the libcurl…
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Medium 5.3CVE-2023-26048 Public exploit
OutOfMemoryError for large multipart without filename in Eclipse Jetty
Jetty is a java based web server and servlet engine. In affected versions servlets with multipart support (e.g. annotated with `@MultipartConfig`) that call `HttpServletRequest.getParameter()` or `HttpServletRequest.getParts()` may cause `OutOfMemoryError` wh…
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High 7.5
Apache Commons FileUpload, Apache Tomcat: FileUpload DoS with excessive parts
Apache Commons FileUpload before 1.5 does not limit the number of request parts to be processed resulting in the possibility of an attacker triggering a DoS with a malicious upload or series of uploads. Note that, like all of the file upload limits, the new c…
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Medium 5.5CVE-2022-20494 Public exploit
In AutomaticZenRule of AutomaticZenRule.java, there is a possible persistent DoS due to resource exhaustion. This could…
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High 7.5CVE-2021-36630 Public exploit
DDOS reflection amplification vulnerability in eAut module of Ruckus Wireless SmartZone controller that allows remote a…
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Medium 5.3CVE-2022-41717 Public exploit
Excessive memory growth in net/http and golang.org/x/net/http2
An attacker can cause excessive memory growth in a Go server accepting HTTP/2 requests. HTTP/2 server connections contain a cache of HTTP header keys sent by the client. While the total number of entries in this cache is capped, an attacker sending very large…
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Medium 6.5CVE-2022-22971 Public exploit
Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling in Spring Framework
In spring framework versions prior to 5.3.20+ , 5.2.22+ and old unsupported versions, application with a STOMP over WebSocket endpoint is vulnerable to a denial of service attack by an authenticated user.
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High 7.5CVE-2022-22970 Public exploit
Denial of service in Spring Framework
In spring framework versions prior to 5.3.20+ , 5.2.22+ and old unsupported versions, applications that handle file uploads are vulnerable to DoS attack if they rely on data binding to set a MultipartFile or javax.servlet.Part to a field in a model object.
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High 7.5
DoS vulnerability in Redis
Redis is an open source, in-memory database that persists on disk. When parsing an incoming Redis Standard Protocol (RESP) request, Redis allocates memory according to user-specified values which determine the number of elements (in the multi-bulk header) and…
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High 7.4CVE-2020-8203 Public exploit
Prototype Pollution in lodash
Prototype pollution attack when using _.zipObjectDeep in lodash before 4.17.20.
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Medium 5.3
SACK can cause extensive memory use via fragmented resend queue
Jonathan Looney discovered that the TCP retransmission queue implementation in tcp_fragment in the Linux kernel could be fragmented when handling certain TCP Selective Acknowledgment (SACK) sequences. A remote attacker could use this to cause a denial of serv…
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Medium 5.3
Microsoft Communicator, and Communicator in Microsoft Office 2010 beta, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of se…