Weakness (CWE)
CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
The product allocates a reusable resource or group of resources on behalf of an actor without imposing any intended restrictions on the size or number of resources that can be allocated.
How to prevent it (8 mitigations)
-
Requirements
Clearly specify the minimum and maximum expectations for capabilities, and dictate which behaviors are acceptable when resource allocation reaches limits.
-
Architecture and Design
Limit the amount of resources that are accessible to unprivileged users. Set per-user limits for resources. Allow the system administrator to define these limits. Be careful to avoid CWE-410.
-
Architecture and Design
Design throttling mechanisms into the system architecture. The best protection is to limit the amount of resources that an unauthorized user can cause to be expended. A strong authentication and access control model will help prevent such attacks from occurring in the first place, and it will help the administrator to identify who is committing the abuse. The login application should be protected against DoS attacks as much as possible. Limiting the database access, perhaps by caching result sets, can help minimize the resources expended. To further limit the potential for a DoS attack, consider tracking the rate of requests received from users and blocking requests that exceed a defined rate threshold.
-
Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
-
Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
-
Architecture and Design
Mitigation of resource exhaustion attacks requires that the target system either:
- recognizes the attack and denies that user further access for a given amount of time, typically by using increasing time delays
- uniformly throttles all requests in order to make it more difficult to consume resources more quickly than they can again be freed.
The first of these solutions is an issue in itself though, since it may allow attackers to prevent the use of the system by a particular valid user. If the attacker impersonates the valid user, they may be able to prevent the user from accessing the server in question.
The second solution can be difficult to effectively institute -- and even when properly done, it does not provide a full solution. It simply requires more resources on the part of the attacker.
-
Architecture and Design
Ensure that protocols have specific limits of scale placed on them.
-
Architecture and Design, Implementation
If the program must fail, ensure that it fails gracefully (fails closed). There may be a temptation to simply let the program fail poorly in cases such as low memory conditions, but an attacker may be able to assert control before the software has fully exited. Alternately, an uncontrolled failure could cause cascading problems with other downstream components; for example, the program could send a signal to a downstream process so the process immediately knows that a problem has occurred and has a better chance of recovery.
Ensure that all failures in resource allocation place the system into a safe posture.
Source: MITRE CWE-770
1,166 results · Clear filters · Feed
-
High 7.5
Unfurl < 2026.04 - Denial of Service via Unbounded zlib Decompression
Unfurl before 2026.04 contains an unbounded zlib decompression vulnerability in parse_compressed.py that allows remote attackers to cause denial of service. Attackers can submit highly compressed payloads via URL parameters to the /json/visjs endpoint that ex…
-
High 7.1
MinIO affected a DoS via Unbounded Memory Allocation in S3 Select CSV Parsing
MinIO is a high-performance object storage system. From RELEASE.2018-08-18T03-49-57Z to before RELEASE.2025-12-20T04-58-37Z, MinIO's S3 Select feature is vulnerable to memory exhaustion when processing CSV files containing lines longer than available memory. …
-
High 7.5CVE-2026-23869 Public exploit
React Server Components have a Denial of Service Vulnerability
A denial of service vulnerability exists in React Server Components, affecting the following packages: react-server-dom-parcel, react-server-dom-turbopack and react-server-dom-webpack (versions 19.0.0 through 19.0.4, 19.1.0 through 19.1.5, and 19.2.0 through …
-
High 7.5
Saleor has a resource exhaustion vulnerability in GraphQL queries
Saleor is an e-commerce platform. From 2.0.0 to before 3.23.0a3, 3.22.47, 3.21.54, and 3.20.118, a malicious actor can include many GraphQL mutations or queries in a single API call using aliases or chaining multiple mutations, resulting in resource exhaustio…
-
High 7.5
Saleor Affected by Denial of Service via Unbounded GraphQL Query Batching
Saleor is an e-commerce platform. From 2.0.0 to before 3.23.0a3, 3.22.47, 3.21.54, and 3.20.118, Saleor supports query batching by submitting multiple GraphQL operations in a single HTTP request as a JSON array but wasn't enforcing any upper limit on the numb…
-
High 7.5
Unexpected work during chain building in crypto/x509
During chain building, the amount of work that is done is not correctly limited when a large number of intermediate certificates are passed in VerifyOptions.Intermediates, which can lead to a denial of service. This affects both direct users of crypto/x509 an…
-
High 8.2
Podman Desktop WebView Server Exposed
Podman Desktop is a graphical tool for developing on containers and Kubernetes. Prior to 1.26.2, an unauthenticated HTTP server exposed by Podman Desktop allows any network attacker to remotely trigger denial-of-service conditions and extract sensitive inform…
-
High 7.5
OpenTelemetry-Go multi-value `baggage` header extraction causes excessive allocations (remote dos amplification)
OpenTelemetry-Go is the Go implementation of OpenTelemetry. From 1.36.0 to 1.40.0, multi-value baggage: header extraction parses each header field-value independently and aggregates members across values. This allows an attacker to amplify cpu and allocations…
-
High 7.5
Strawberry GraphQL affected by a Denial of Service via unbounded WebSocket subscriptions
Strawberry GraphQL is a library for creating GraphQL APIs. Prior to 0.312.3, Strawberry GraphQL's WebSocket subscription handlers for both the graphql-transport-ws and legacy graphql-ws protocols allocate an asyncio.Task and associated Operation object for ev…
-
High 7.5
Potential denial-of-service vulnerability in ASGI requests via memory upload limit bypass
An issue was discovered in 6.0 before 6.0.4, 5.2 before 5.2.13, and 4.2 before 4.2.30. ASGI requests with a missing or understated `Content-Length` header could bypass the `DATA_UPLOAD_MAX_MEMORY_SIZE` limit when reading `HttpRequest.body`, allowing remote at…
-
High 8.2
libp2p-rust has unbounded rendezvous DISCOVER cookies enable remote memory exhaustion
libp2p-rust is the official rust language Implementation of the libp2p networking stack. Prior to 0.17.1, the rendezvous server stores pagination cookies without bounds. An unauthenticated peer can repeatedly issue DISCOVER requests and force unbounded memory…
-
High 7.5
libp2p-rendezvous: Unlimited namespace registrations per peer enables OOM DoS on rendezvous servers
libp2p-rust is the official rust language Implementation of the libp2p networking stack. Prior to 0.17.1, libp2p-rendezvous server has no limit on how many namespaces a single peer can register. A malicious peer can just keep registering unique namespaces in …
-
High 7.5
Fedify affected by resource exhaustion caused by unbounded redirect following during remote key/document resolution
Fedify is a TypeScript library for building federated server apps powered by ActivityPub. Prior to 1.9.6, 1.10.5, 2.0.8, and 2.1.1, @fedify/fedify follows HTTP redirects recursively in its remote document loader and authenticated document loader without enfor…
-
High 7.5
Directus: Unauthenticated Denial of Service via GraphQL Alias Amplification of Expensive Health Check Resolver
## Summary The GraphQL specification permits a single query to repeat the same field multiple times using aliases, with each alias resolved independently by default. Directus did not deduplicate resolver invocations within a single request, meaning each alias…
-
High 7.5
Jackson Core: Document length constraint bypass in blocking, async, and DataInput parsers
## Summary Jackson Core 3.x does not consistently enforce `StreamReadConstraints.maxDocumentLength`. Oversized JSON documents can be accepted without a `StreamConstraintsException` in multiple parser entry points, which allows configured size limits to be byp…
-
High 7.5
Mesop: Unbounded Thread Creation in WebSocket Handler Leads to Denial of Service
Mesop is a Python-based UI framework that allows users to build web applications. From version 1.2.3 to before version 1.2.5, an uncontrolled resource consumption vulnerability exists in the WebSocket implementation of the Mesop framework. An unauthenticated …
-
High 7.5
Allocation of resources without limits in parsing components in Amazon Athena ODBC driver
Allocation of resources without limits in the parsing components in Amazon Athena ODBC driver before 2.1.0.0 might allow a threat actor to cause a denial of service by delivering crafted input that triggers excessive resource consumption during the driver's p…
-
High 8.2
Ash Framework: Ash.Type.Module.cast_input/2 atom exhaustion via unchecked Module.concat allows BEAM VM crash
Ash Framework is a declarative, extensible framework for building Elixir applications. Prior to version 3.22.0, Ash.Type.Module.cast_input/2 unconditionally creates a new Erlang atom via Module.concat([value]) for any user-supplied binary string that starts w…
-
High 7.5
Rack: Algorithmic-Complexity DoS in Rack::Multipart::Parser
Rack is a modular Ruby web server interface. From versions 3.0.0.beta1 to before 3.1.21, and 3.2.0 to before 3.2.6, Rack::Multipart::Parser#handle_mime_head parses quoted multipart parameters such as Content-Disposition: form-data; name="..." using repeated S…
-
High 7.5
Rack: Denial of Service via Unbounded Multipart File Upload Without Content-Length
Rack is a modular Ruby web server interface. Prior to versions 2.2.23, 3.1.21, and 3.2.6, Rack::Multipart::Parser only wraps the request body in a BoundedIO when CONTENT_LENGTH is present. When a multipart/form-data request is sent without a Content-Length he…
-
High 7.5
Suricata http2: unbounded resource consumption
Suricata is a network IDS, IPS and NSM engine. Prior to versions 7.0.15 and 8.0.4, flooding of craft HTTP2 continuation frames can lead to memory exhaustion, usually resulting in the Suricata process being shut down by the operating system. This issue has bee…
-
High 8.7
Multipart form body parser bypasses body size limits in wisp
Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling vulnerability in gleam-wisp wisp allows a denial of service via multipart form body parsing. The multipart_body function bypasses configured max_body_size and max_files_size limits. When a multipart boundar…
-
High 7.5
A flaw in Node.js HTTP request handling causes an uncaught `TypeError` when a request is received with a header named `…
-
High 7.5
OpenClaw < 2026.3.13 - Resource Exhaustion via Unauthenticated Telegram Webhook Request
OpenClaw before 2026.3.13 reads and buffers Telegram webhook request bodies before validating the x-telegram-bot-api-secret-token header, allowing unauthenticated attackers to exhaust server resources. Attackers can send POST requests to the webhook endpoint …
-
High 8.7CVE-2026-33871 Public exploit
Netty HTTP/2 CONTINUATION Frame Flood DoS via Zero-Byte Frame Bypass
Netty is an asynchronous, event-driven network application framework. In versions prior to 4.1.132.Final and 4.2.10.Final, a remote user can trigger a Denial of Service (DoS) against a Netty HTTP/2 server by sending a flood of `CONTINUATION` frames. The serve…
-
High 8.7
Fleet's unbounded request body read allows remote Denial of Service
Fleet is open source device management software. Prior to 4.81.0, Fleet contained multiple unauthenticated HTTP endpoints that read request bodies without enforcing a size limit. An unauthenticated attacker could exploit this behavior by sending large or repe…
-
High 7.5
OpenFeature evaluation API reads input data with no bounds
The OpenFeature feature toggle evaluation endpoint reads unbounded values into memory, which can cause out-of-memory crashes.
-
High 7.5
Attacker can send a specifically crafted message before authentication that causes managesieve to allocate large amount…
-
High 7.5
Excessive NSEC3 iterations cause high CPU load during insecure delegation validation
If a BIND resolver is performing DNSSEC validation and encounters a maliciously crafted zone, the resolver may consume excessive CPU. Authoritative-only servers are generally unaffected, although there are circumstances where authoritative servers may make re…
-
High 8.7
Salvo Affected by Denial of Service via Unbounded Memory Allocation in Form Data Parsing
Salvo is a Rust web framework. Prior to version 0.89.3, Salvo's form data parsing implementations (`form_data()` method and `Extractible` macro) do not enforce payload size limits before reading request bodies into memory. This allows attackers to cause Out-o…
-
High 7.5
AVideo Affected by Unauthenticated Disk Space Exhaustion via Unlimited Temp File Creation in aVideoEncoderChunk.json.php
WWBN AVideo is an open source video platform. In versions up to and including 26.0, the `aVideoEncoderChunk.json.php` endpoint is a completely standalone PHP script with no authentication, no framework includes, and no resource limits. An unauthenticated remo…
-
High 7.5
OpenClaw < 2026.2.22 - Denial of Service via Inbound Media Download Byte Limit Bypass
OpenClaw versions prior to 2026.2.22 fail to consistently enforce configured inbound media byte limits before buffering remote media across multiple channel ingestion paths. Remote attackers can send oversized media payloads to trigger elevated memory usage a…
-
High 8.7
DeepDiff has Memory Exhaustion DoS through SAFE_TO_IMPORT
DeepDiff is a project focused on Deep Difference and search of any Python data. From version 5.0.0 to before version 8.6.2, the pickle unpickler _RestrictedUnpickler validates which classes can be loaded but does not limit their constructor arguments. A few o…
-
High 7.5
Micronaut Framework vulnerable to a Denial of Service in HTML error response caching
Micronaut Framework is a JVM-based full stack Java framework designed for building modular, easily testable JVM applications. Versions 4.7.0 through 4.10.16 used an unbounded ConcurrentHashMap cache with no eviction policy in its DefaultHtmlErrorResponseBodyP…
-
High 7.5
OpenClaw < 2026.3.2 - Slow-Request Denial of Service via Pre-Auth Webhook Body Parsing
OpenClaw versions prior to 2026.3.2 contain a denial of service vulnerability in webhook handlers for BlueBubbles and Google Chat that parse request bodies before performing authentication and signature validation. Unauthenticated attackers can exploit this b…
-
High 7.5
OpenClaw < 2026.3.1 - Unbounded Memory Growth in Zalo Webhook via Query String Key Churn
OpenClaw versions prior to 2026.3.1 contain an unbounded memory growth vulnerability in the Zalo webhook endpoint that allows unauthenticated attackers to trigger in-memory key accumulation by varying query strings. Remote attackers can exploit this by sendin…
-
High 7.5
@dicebear/converter vulnerable to ncontrolled memory allocation via crafted SVG dimensions
DiceBear is an avatar library for designers and developers. Prior to version 9.4.0, the `ensureSize()` function in `@dicebear/converter` read the `width` and `height` attributes from the input SVG to determine the output canvas size for rasterization (PNG, JP…
-
High 7.5
IBM i Denial of Service
IBM i 7.6 could allow a remote attacker to cause a denial of service using failed authentication connections due to improper allocation of resources.
-
High 7.5
DoS attack via login attempts with multi-megabyte passwords
Mattermost versions 11.3.x <= 11.3.0, 11.2.x <= 11.2.2, 10.11.x <= 10.11.10 fail to properly handle very long passwords, which allows an attacker to overload the server CPU and memory via executing login attempts with multi-megabyte passwords. Mattermost Advi…
-
High 7.5
undici is vulnerable to Unbounded Memory Consumption in undici WebSocket permessage-deflate Decompression
The undici WebSocket client is vulnerable to a denial-of-service attack via unbounded memory consumption during permessage-deflate decompression. When a WebSocket connection negotiates the permessage-deflate extension, the client decompresses incoming compres…