Weakness (CWE)
CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
The product allocates a reusable resource or group of resources on behalf of an actor without imposing any intended restrictions on the size or number of resources that can be allocated.
How to prevent it (8 mitigations)
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Requirements
Clearly specify the minimum and maximum expectations for capabilities, and dictate which behaviors are acceptable when resource allocation reaches limits.
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Architecture and Design
Limit the amount of resources that are accessible to unprivileged users. Set per-user limits for resources. Allow the system administrator to define these limits. Be careful to avoid CWE-410.
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Architecture and Design
Design throttling mechanisms into the system architecture. The best protection is to limit the amount of resources that an unauthorized user can cause to be expended. A strong authentication and access control model will help prevent such attacks from occurring in the first place, and it will help the administrator to identify who is committing the abuse. The login application should be protected against DoS attacks as much as possible. Limiting the database access, perhaps by caching result sets, can help minimize the resources expended. To further limit the potential for a DoS attack, consider tracking the rate of requests received from users and blocking requests that exceed a defined rate threshold.
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
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Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
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Architecture and Design
Mitigation of resource exhaustion attacks requires that the target system either:
- recognizes the attack and denies that user further access for a given amount of time, typically by using increasing time delays
- uniformly throttles all requests in order to make it more difficult to consume resources more quickly than they can again be freed.
The first of these solutions is an issue in itself though, since it may allow attackers to prevent the use of the system by a particular valid user. If the attacker impersonates the valid user, they may be able to prevent the user from accessing the server in question.
The second solution can be difficult to effectively institute -- and even when properly done, it does not provide a full solution. It simply requires more resources on the part of the attacker.
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Architecture and Design
Ensure that protocols have specific limits of scale placed on them.
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Architecture and Design, Implementation
If the program must fail, ensure that it fails gracefully (fails closed). There may be a temptation to simply let the program fail poorly in cases such as low memory conditions, but an attacker may be able to assert control before the software has fully exited. Alternately, an uncontrolled failure could cause cascading problems with other downstream components; for example, the program could send a signal to a downstream process so the process immediately knows that a problem has occurred and has a better chance of recovery.
Ensure that all failures in resource allocation place the system into a safe posture.
Source: MITRE CWE-770
1,165 results · Clear filters · Feed
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Medium 4.7
Gfs2-utils: gfs2-utils: stack overflow via alloca(i_height) in metadata walk
A stack overflow vulnerability was found in gfs2-utils. The metadata walk code in metawalk.c uses alloca() with an untrusted inode height value from on-disk metadata without bounds validation, causing stack exhaustion and a denial of service when processing c…
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Medium 4.7
Gfs2-utils: gfs2-utils: stack overflow via alloca(1<<di_depth) in hash table traversal
A stack overflow vulnerability was found in gfs2-utils. The hash table traversal code in metawalk.c uses alloca() with an exponentially-derived size from the untrusted on-disk di_depth field without bounds validation. A crafted GFS2 filesystem image with a la…
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Medium 5.3
Nexus Repository 3 - Denial of Service via Unbounded Maven POM Metadata Fields
A user account with permission to deploy artifacts to a hosted Maven repository could upload a POM file containing an oversized metadata field. This causes future attempts to list or browse that repository's components to permanently fail until an administrat…
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Medium 6.5
Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling in Filebeat Leading to Denial of Service
Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling (CWE-770) in Filebeat can lead to a denial of service via Excessive Allocation (CAPEC-130). An attacker able to reach the Filebeat HTTP ingestion endpoint could send specially crafted compressed requests th…
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Medium 6.5
Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling in Kibana Leading to Denial of Service
Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling (CWE-770) in Kibana can lead to a denial of service via Excessive Allocation (CAPEC-130). An authenticated user with low-level privileges could submit a specially crafted request that causes Kibana to consu…
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Medium 5.3
WordPress WP Go Maps plugin <= 10.1.08 - Denial of Service Attack vulnerability
Unauthenticated Denial of Service Attack in WP Go Maps <= 10.1.08 versions.
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Medium 5.3
WordPress Really Simple SSL plugin <= 9.8.0 - Denial of Service Attack vulnerability
Unauthenticated Denial of Service Attack in Really Simple SSL <= 9.8.0 versions.
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Medium 6.5
Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling in Kibana Leading to Denial of Service
Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling (CWE-770) in Kibana can lead to a denial of service via Excessive Allocation (CAPEC-130). An authenticated user holding only low, read-level Agent Builder privileges could submit a specially crafted request…
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Medium 6.5
Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling in Kibana Leading to Denial of Service
Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling (CWE-770) in Kibana can lead to a denial of service via Excessive Allocation (CAPEC-130). An authenticated user can submit a specially crafted request that causes excessive resource consumption, which may r…
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Medium 4.9
Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling in Elasticsearch Leading to Denial of Service
Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling (CWE-770) in Elasticsearch can lead to a denial of service via Excessive Allocation (CAPEC-130). A user with elevated privileges can submit a specially crafted request that causes excessive memory consumpti…
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Medium 6.5
Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling in Kibana Leading to Denial of Service
Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling (CWE-770) in Kibana can lead to a denial of service via Excessive Allocation (CAPEC-130). An authenticated user with low-level permissions could submit a specially crafted request that causes excessive reso…
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Medium 6.2
Vulnerabilities exists in IBM Cloud Pak for Data System
IBM Cloud Pak for Data System 11.3.0.2 through Interim Fix 001 is vulnerable to a denial of service due to improper limitation of resources.
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Medium 5.5
Authenticated Remote Denial of Service via Unbounded zlib Decompression in massStoreRun
CodeChecker's massStoreRun processing path performs one-shot decompression of attacker-controlled, Base64-encoded zlib data without enforcing a maximum decompressed size. An authenticated user with permission to store analysis runs can submit a highly compres…
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Medium 5.9
Jwcrypto: jwcrypto: denial of service via malformed jwe tokens
A flaw was found in jwcrypto. A remote attacker can send a specially crafted JSON Web Encryption (JWE) token containing numerous period delimiters. This malformed token can force the JWE.deserialize() function to allocate excessive memory, leading to a Memory…
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Medium 5.9
Spring for GraphQL WebSocket Client Denial of Service
Spring for GraphQL is vulnerable to Denial of Service attacks when using the WebSocket client with keepAlive enabled. Spring for GraphQL 2.0.0 - 2.0.4 Spring for GraphQL 1.4.0 - 1.4.6 Spring for GraphQL 1.3.0 - 1.3.9
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Medium 5.3
Reactor Netty HTTP Server Denial of Service With Pipelined Requests
The vulnerability occurs when a client sends HTTP/1.1 pipelined requests over a single connection, causing the Reactor Netty HTTP server to consume an excessive amount of memory. Reactor Netty 1.3.0 - 1.3.6 Reactor Netty 1.1.0 - 1.2.18 Reactor Netty 1.0.52 an…
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Medium 5.4
Unbounded memory allocation in RFC6587SyslogDeserializer (octet-counted framing) — remote DoS
RFC6587SyslogDeserializer, used by the Spring Integration syslog TCP inbound adapter to decode RFC 6587 / RFC 5424 frames, trusts the sender-supplied octet count of an octet-counted frame and allocates a byte array of exactly that size with no upper bound. Sp…
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Medium 6.5
Vulnerability in Oracle Java SE (component: 2D). Supported versions that are affected are Oracle Java SE: 7u511. Easily…
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Medium 6.5
Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling in GitLab
GitLab has remediated an issue in GitLab CE/EE affecting all versions from 12.8 before 19.1.7, 19.2 before 19.2.5, and 19.3 before 19.3.1 that, under certain conditions, could have allowed an authenticated user to cause a denial of service affecting backgroun…
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Medium 6.9
MCP PHP SDK: Unbounded SSE buffer in HttpTransport enables client-side denial of service
The MCP PHP SDK (Composer package mcp/sdk) is the official Model Context Protocol SDK for PHP. In versions 0.5.0 through 0.7.0, the HTTP client transport reads a Server-Sent Events response stream incrementally and appends each chunk to an in-memory buffer wi…
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Medium 5.3
eml_parser: Parser DoS via deeply nested parentheses in e-mail headers
eml_parser serves as a python module for parsing eml files and returning various information found in the e-mail as well as computed information. Prior to 3.0.2, eml_parser.parser.HeaderParser.header_fetch_parse in eml_parser/parser.py uses email.utils.getadd…
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Medium 6.5
PraisonAI: Unauthenticated unbounded session accumulation in the PraisonAI MCP HTTP server (memory exhaustion; session TTL never enforced)
PraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. Prior to praisonai 4.6.58, the MCP HTTP Stream mcp_post handler creates a new _sessions entry for every initialize request but does not call _cleanup_sessions or enforce a maximum. An unauthenticated caller can exhaust…
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Medium 5.9
CMP Indefinite Cache Growth of ExtraCerts
Issue summary: The OpenSSL Certificate Management Protocol (CMP) caches additional certificates (extraCerts) sent in a CMP message, but never expunges them (for instance if they are invalid). If a server reuses an OSSL_CMP_CTX frequently, this cache of extraC…
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Medium 6.5
Ech0 before 4.7.3 Unauthenticated fav_count Modification
Ech0 through 4.5.6 registers the PUT /api/echo/like/:id endpoint on the public router group without authentication or rate limiting. Unauthenticated attackers can increment the fav_count counter of any echo (including private echoes) by supplying its UUID, wh…
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Medium —
vibeio-http has a DoS vulnerability in HTTP/1.x chunked encoding parser triggered by maliciously crafted chunk lengths
When using the affected versions of the `vibeio-http` crate, an attacker could craft a malicious HTTP/1.x request with a large chunk length (between `usize::MAX - 1` and `usize::MAX` inclusive) and send it, causing the server to crash (integer overflow panic …
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Medium 6.0
DJI Drone HTTP Media Server Denial of Service via Connection Pool Exhaustion
The HTTP media server on DJI drones does not enforce sufficient limits on incoming connections or request rates. An attacker with access to the drone's internal network can exhaust the server's connection pool by repeatedly requesting a stored media file, pre…
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Medium 5.3
Micrometer Tracing Brave Bridge W3C Baggage propagation DoS vulnerability
An application using Micrometer Tracing with W3C baggage propagation in the Brave bridge is vulnerable to denial of service (DoS) due to unbounded object allocation when extracting incoming baggage headers. Micrometer Tracing 1.7.0 Micrometer Tracing 1.6.0 - …
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Medium 5.5
Ghidra < 12.1.3 PDB Parser Uncontrolled Heap Growth DoS via AbstractPdb
Ghidra before 12.1.3 contains an uncontrolled resource consumption vulnerability in the PDB parser that allows attackers to terminate the Ghidra process by supplying a crafted PDB file with an oversized parameters section. The AbstractPdb deserialization rout…
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Medium 5.3
Mailpit: SMTP DATA line reader buffers over-limit input before size enforcement
Mailpit is an email testing tool and API for developers. From 1.30.0 until 1.30.5, Mailpit's internal/smtpd/smtpd.go readData() function calls bufio.Reader.ReadBytes before applying the len(data)+len(line) size check to the completed SMTP DATA line against Se…
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Medium 5.3
Mailpit: Thumbnail generation decodes unbounded image dimensions before scaling
Mailpit is an email testing tool and API for developers. Prior to 1.30.4, Mailpit decodes attacker-supplied image attachments into a full raster before checking decoded dimensions, pixel count, or memory use in the GET /api/v1/message/{id}/part/{partID}/thumb…
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Medium 5.3
An unauthenticated remote peer can crash any NIOWebSocket-based server (including Vapor and Hummingbird) with a single …
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Medium 5.3
libgit2: Unbounded Memory Allocation via Delta Object Result-Size Header
libgit2 is a portable C implementation of the Git core methods provided as a linkable library with a solid API, allowing to build Git functionality into your application. Prior to 1.8.6 and 1.9.5, git_delta_apply in src/libgit2/delta.c trusts the attacker-con…
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Medium —
Zoo Design Studio: Recursive KCL parsing is vulnerable to denial-of-service
### Impact Feeding a KCL program that wraps an expression in deep, unnecessary parentheses triggers the parser’s recursive `expression` -> `unnecessarily_bracketed` -> `expression` path. With enough nesting, the call stack grows until it exceeds the process s…
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Medium 4.3
Ipa: freeipa: authenticated dos in `otptoken-add` via unbounded otp key decoding/re-encoding
A flaw was found in FreeIPA. A low-privilege authenticated user can exploit this vulnerability by submitting an oversized One-Time Password (OTP) key value. This oversized key is then decoded and re-encoded without proper size limits, consuming excessive CPU …
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Medium 6.5
Reliable Scalable Cluster Technology Denial-of-Service
IBM Reliable Scalable Cluster Technology (RSCT) 3.0 could allow a remote attacker to cause a denial of service by sending a specially crafted request due improper input validation.
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Medium 5.9
Snipe-IT: TOTP Brute-Forceable Due to Missing Rate Limiting on `POST /two-factor`
Snipe-IT is an IT asset/license management system. Prior to 8.6.1, POST /two-factor has no rate limiting, lockout, or attempt counter, allowing an attacker with valid credentials to submit unlimited TOTP guesses against the three accepted codes created by con…
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Medium 5.3
Cisco Industrial Ethernet 1000 Series Switches Denial of Service Vulnerability
A vulnerability in the handling of management plane packets by Cisco Industrial Ethernet (IE) 1000 Series Switches could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause the device manager, SSH, or API to become inaccessible.This vulnerability is due t…
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Medium 4.9
Wazuh: Cluster Protocol Memory Exhaustion (DoS) via unbounded receive_str allocation and div_msg_box accumulation
Wazuh is a free and open source platform used for threat prevention, detection, and response. From 3.9.0 until 4.14.5 and 5.0.0-beta2, the Wazuh cluster protocol in framework/wazuh/core/cluster/common.py allows an authenticated cluster node to exhaust memory …
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Medium 4.4
Vulnerability in the Oracle VM VirtualBox product of Oracle Virtualization (component: Core). The supported version tha…
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Medium 5.3
ZEBRA: Mempool transaction admission denial via single-peer inbound queue saturation
ZEBRA is a Zcash node written entirely in Rust. Prior to 4.5.0, one unauthenticated P2P peer can monopolize all 25 MAX_INBOUND_CONCURRENCY slots in Zebra's inbound mempool download and verification pipeline. In zebrad/src/components/mempool/downloads.rs, the …