Weakness (CWE)
CWE-78: OS Command Injection
The product constructs all or part of an OS command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended OS command before it is sent to a downstream component.
How to prevent it (8 mitigations)
-
Architecture and Design
If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
-
Architecture and Design, Operation
Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
-
Architecture and Design
For any data that will be used to generate a command to be executed, keep as much of that data out of external control as possible. For example, in web applications, this may require storing the data locally in the session's state instead of sending it out to the client in a hidden form field.
-
Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
-
Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, consider using the ESAPI Encoding control [REF-45] or a similar tool, library, or framework. These will help the programmer encode outputs in a manner less prone to error.
-
Implementation
While it is risky to use dynamically-generated query strings, code, or commands that mix control and data together, sometimes it may be unavoidable. Properly quote arguments and escape any special characters within those arguments. The most conservative approach is to escape or filter all characters that do not pass an extremely strict allowlist (such as everything that is not alphanumeric or white space). If some special characters are still needed, such as white space, wrap each argument in quotes after the escaping/filtering step. Be careful of argument injection (CWE-88).
-
Implementation
If the program to be executed allows arguments to be specified within an input file or from standard input, then consider using that mode to pass arguments instead of the command line.
-
Architecture and Design
If available, use structured mechanisms that automatically enforce the separation between data and code. These mechanisms may be able to provide the relevant quoting, encoding, and validation automatically, instead of relying on the developer to provide this capability at every point where output is generated.
Some languages offer multiple functions that can be used to invoke commands. Where possible, identify any function that invokes a command shell using a single string, and replace it with a function that requires individual arguments. These functions typically perform appropriate quoting and filtering of arguments. For example, in C, the system() function accepts a string that contains the entire command to be executed, whereas execl(), execve(), and others require an array of strings, one for each argument. In Windows, CreateProcess() only accepts one command at a time. In Perl, if system() is provided with an array of arguments, then it will quote each of the arguments.
Source: MITRE CWE-78
508 results · Clear filters · Feed
-
Critical 9.8
Command Injection in Kylin
Similar to CVE-2020-1956, Kylin has one more restful API which concatenates the API inputs into OS commands and then executes them on the server; while the reported API misses necessary input validation, which causes the hackers to have the possibility to exe…
-
Critical 9.8
The goform/setUsbUnload endpoint of Tenda AC15 AC1900 version 15.03.05.19 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary …
KEV Nov 3, 2021 -
High 8.1CVE-2020-2034 Public exploit
PAN-OS: OS command injection vulnerability in GlobalProtect portal
An OS Command Injection vulnerability in the PAN-OS GlobalProtect portal allows an unauthenticated network based attacker to execute arbitrary OS commands with root privileges. An attacker requires some knowledge of the firewall to exploit this issue. This is…
-
Critical 9.1
Pi-hole Web v4.3.2 (aka AdminLTE) allows Remote Code Execution by privileged dashboard users via a crafted DHCP static …
KEV Dec 10, 2021 -
High 8.8
Command Injection in Kylin
Apache Kylin 2.3.0, and releases up to 2.6.5 and 3.0.1 has some restful apis which will concatenate os command with the user input string, a user is likely to be able to execute any os command without any protection or validation.
KEV Mar 25, 2022 -
Critical 9.1
IBM Data Risk Manager 2.0.1, 2.0.2, 2.0.3, and 2.0.4 could allow a remote authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary c…
KEV Nov 3, 2021 -
Critical 9.8
rcube_image.php in Roundcube Webmail before 1.4.4 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via shell metacharacters i…
KEV Jun 22, 2023 -
High 7.3
Fonality Trixbox CE Post-Authentication Command Injection
An OS Command Injection vulnerability in the endpoint_devicemap.php component of Fonality Trixbox Community Edition allows an attacker to execute commands on the underlying operating system as the "asterisk" user. Note that Trixbox Community Edition has been …
-
Medium 6.1CVE-2020-7350 Public exploit
Metasploit Framework Plugin Libnotify Command Injection
Rapid7 Metasploit Framework versions before 5.0.85 suffers from an instance of CWE-78: OS Command Injection, wherein the libnotify plugin accepts untrusted user-supplied data via a remote computer's hostname or service name. An attacker can create a specially…
-
High 8.8
This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of TP-Link Arc…
-
Critical 9.8CVE-2020-7602 Public exploit
OS Command Injection in node-prompt-here
node-prompt-here through 1.0.1 allows execution of arbitrary commands. The "runCommand()" is called by "getDevices()" function in file "linux/manager.js", which is required by the "index. process.env.NM_CLI" in the file "linux/manager.js". This function is us…
-
High 7.2
setSystemCommand on D-Link DCS-930L devices before 2.12 allows a remote attacker to execute code via an OS command in t…
KEV Mar 25, 2022 -
High 8.8
lib/ajaxHandlers/ajaxAddTemplate.php in rConfig through 3.94 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary OS commands v…
KEV Nov 3, 2021 -
High 7.8
D-Link DWL-2600AP 4.2.0.15 Rev A devices have an authenticated OS command injection vulnerability via the Save Configur…
KEV Jun 29, 2023 -
Critical 9.8
ZyXEL NAS products running firmware version 5.21 and earlier are vulnerable to pre-authentication command injection in weblogin.cgi
Multiple ZyXEL network-attached storage (NAS) devices running firmware version 5.21 contain a pre-authentication command injection vulnerability, which may allow a remote, unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code on a vulnerable device. ZyXEL NAS de…
KEV Mar 25, 2022 -
High 7.5
Netis WF2419 is vulnerable to authenticated Remote Code Execution (RCE) as root through the router Web management page.…
KEV Nov 3, 2021 -
Critical 9.8
DrayTek Vigor2960 1.3.1_Beta, Vigor3900 1.4.4_Beta, and Vigor300B 1.3.3_Beta, 1.4.2.1_Beta, and 1.4.4_Beta devices allo…
KEV Nov 3, 2021 -
High 7.2
Cisco Data Center Network Manager Command Injection Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities in the REST and SOAP API endpoints of Cisco Data Center Network Manager (DCNM) could allow an authenticated, remote attacker with administrative privileges on the DCNM application to inject arbitrary commands on the underlying operati…
-
Critical 9.8
The UPnP endpoint URL /gena.cgi in the D-Link DIR-859 Wi-Fi router 1.05 and 1.06B01 Beta01 allows an Unauthenticated re…
KEV Jun 29, 2023 -
Critical 9.9
Remote Code Execution Vulnerability in NPM mongo-express
mongo-express before 0.54.0 is vulnerable to Remote Code Execution via endpoints that uses the `toBSON` method. A misuse of the `vm` dependency to perform `exec` commands in a non-safe environment.
KEV Dec 10, 2021 -
Critical 9.8
An exploitable command injection vulnerability exists in the Config editor of the Exhibitor Web UI versions 1.0.9 to 1.…
-
Critical 9.0CVE-2019-17625 Public exploit
Rambox RCE Vulnerability
There is a stored XSS in Rambox 0.6.9 that can lead to code execution. The XSS is in the name field while adding/editing a service. The problem occurs due to incorrect sanitization of the name field when being processed and stored. This allows a user to craft…
-
High 7.2
MantisBT Remote Code Execution
MantisBT before 1.3.20 and 2.22.1 allows Post Authentication Command Injection, leading to Remote Code Execution.
-
Critical 9.8
Unauthenticated remote code execution occurs in D-Link products such as DIR-655C, DIR-866L, DIR-652, and DHP-1565. The …
KEV Mar 25, 2022 -
Critical 10.0
Command Injection in gitlabhook
NPM package gitlabhook version 0.0.17 is vulnerable to a Command Injection vulnerability. Arbitrary commands can be injected through the repository name.
-
High 8.8
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command in Jenkins Git Client Plugin
Jenkins Git Client Plugin 2.8.4 and earlier and 3.0.0-rc did not properly restrict values passed as URL argument to an invocation of 'git ls-remote', resulting in OS command injection.
-
High 8.8
Nagios XI before 5.6.6 allows remote command execution as root. The exploit requires access to the server as the nagios…
KEV Nov 3, 2021 -
High 8.8
OS Command Injection in Nexus Yum Repository Plugin
The Nexus Yum Repository Plugin in v2 is vulnerable to Remote Code Execution when instances using CommandLineExecutor.java are supplied vulnerable data, such as the Yum Configuration Capability.
-
Critical 9.8
An issue was discovered in Webmin <=1.920. The parameter old in password_change.cgi contains a command injection vulner…
KEV Mar 25, 2022 -
High 8.8
Citrix SD-WAN 10.2.x before 10.2.3 and NetScaler SD-WAN 10.0.x before 10.0.8 have Improper Input Validation (issue 5 of…
KEV Mar 25, 2022 -
High 7.8CVE-2019-13574 Public exploit
OS Command Injection in MiniMagick
In lib/mini_magick/image.rb in MiniMagick before 4.9.4, a fetched remote image filename could cause remote command execution because Image.open input is directly passed to Kernel#open, which accepts a '|' character followed by a command.
-
Critical 9.8
Linear eMerge E3-Series devices allow Command Injections.
KEV Mar 25, 2024 -
Critical 9.0
A flaw was found in Exim versions 4.87 to 4.91 (inclusive). Improper validation of recipient address in deliver_message…
KEV Jan 10, 2022 -
Critical 9.8
Command Injection in Xstream
Xstream API versions up to 1.4.6 and version 1.4.10, if the security framework has not been initialized, may allow a remote attacker to run arbitrary shell commands by manipulating the processed input stream when unmarshaling XML or any supported format. e.g.…
-
Critical 9.8
The ZyXEL P660HN-T1A v1 TCLinux Fw $7.3.15.0 v001 / 3.40(ULM.0)b31 router distributed by TrueOnline has a command injec…
KEV Aug 7, 2023 -
High 8.0
In Pulse Secure Pulse Connect Secure version 9.0RX before 9.0R3.4, 8.3RX before 8.3R7.1, 8.2RX before 8.2R12.1, and 8.1…
KEV Nov 3, 2021 -
Critical 9.8
LibreNMS arbitrary OS commands execution
LibreNMS 1.46 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary OS commands by using the $_POST['community'] parameter to html/pages/addhost.inc.php during creation of a new device, and then making a /ajax_output.php?id=capture&format=text&type=snmpwalk&hostname=l…
-
High 8.1
Apache Tomcat OS Command Injection vulnerability
When running on Windows with enableCmdLineArguments enabled, the CGI Servlet in Apache Tomcat 9.0.0.M1 to 9.0.17, 8.5.0 to 8.5.39 and 7.0.0 to 7.0.93 is vulnerable to Remote Code Execution due to a bug in the way the JRE passes command line arguments to Windo…
-
High 7.8CVE-2019-1674 Public exploit
Cisco Webex Meetings Desktop App and Cisco Webex Productivity Tools Update Service Command Injection Vulnerability
A vulnerability in the update service of Cisco Webex Meetings Desktop App and Cisco Webex Productivity Tools for Windows could allow an authenticated, local attacker to execute arbitrary commands as a privileged user. The vulnerability is due to insufficient …
-
Critical 9.8
elFinder command injection vulnerability in the PHP connector
elFinder before 2.1.48 has a command injection vulnerability in the PHP connector.