Weakness (CWE)
CWE-77: Command Injection
The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.
More detail
Many protocols and products have their own custom command language. While OS or shell command strings are frequently discovered and targeted, developers may not realize that these other command languages might also be vulnerable to attacks.
How to prevent it (5 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
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Implementation
If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
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Operation
Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.
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System Configuration
Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.
Source: MITRE CWE-77
3,201 results · Feed
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Critical 10.0
Chengdu Feiyuxing Technology VW2100/VEC10GP Weixin Auth Endpoint webserver handle_wechat_cn_wifi os command injection
A vulnerability was found in Chengdu Feiyuxing Technology VW2100 and VEC10GP 1.0 B-MB3W202-210825-r11775. This impacts the function handle_wechat_cn_wifi of the file var/html/webserver of the component Weixin Auth Endpoint. The manipulation of the argument ex…
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Critical 9.8CVE-2026-116779 Public exploit
FreeSWITCH: Inbound SIP MESSAGE can select the api chat proto and run FreeSWITCH API commands
FreeSWITCH is a Software Defined Telecom Stack enabling the digital transformation from proprietary telecom switches to a software implementation that runs on any commodity hardware. Prior to 1.11.3, sofia_presence_handle_sip_i_message() split the To user of …
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High 8.8
FreeSWITCH: Channel-variable injection via SIP REFER leads to command execution in mod_sofia
FreeSWITCH is a Software Defined Telecom Stack enabling the digital transformation from proprietary telecom switches to a software implementation that runs on any commodity hardware. Prior to 1.11.2, sofia_handle_sip_i_refer() placed raw Refer-To URI paramete…
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High 8.8
ntopng: authenticated (non-admin) OS command injection via the vulnerability-scan `scan_ports` parameter (`nmap` argument reaches `popen`)
ntopng is a web-based network traffic monitoring application. Prior to 6.7.260717, scripts/lua/rest/v2/add/host/to_scan.lua and scripts/lua/rest/v2/exec/host/schedule_vulnerability_scan.lua accept scan_ports from any authenticated session, including non-admin…
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High 7.3
agentscope-ai AgentScope MCP Workspace API _config.py subprocess.Popen os command injection
A vulnerability was detected in agentscope-ai AgentScope up to 2.0.11. The impacted element is the function subprocess.Popen of the file src/agentscope/mcp/_config.py of the component MCP Workspace API. The manipulation of the argument command results in os c…
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Medium 6.3
Purocean Yank Note Terminal index.ts checkPermission os command injection
A vulnerability was identified in Purocean Yank Note 3.93.0. Affected by this vulnerability is the function checkPermission of the file src/main/server/index.ts of the component Terminal Handler. Such manipulation leads to os command injection. The attack can…
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Critical 10.0CVE-2026-122051 Public exploit
Edimax BR-6208AC mp command injection
A flaw has been found in Edimax BR-6208AC 1.32. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /goform/mp. Executing a manipulation can lead to command injection. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been published and …
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Critical 9.9
Yuxi sandbox isolation failure allows cross-tenant access and internal service compromise
Yuxi is a large-model-based intelligent knowledge base and knowledge graph agent development platform. From 0.6.0.beta1 until 0.7.1, there is insufficient isolation between execution-capable Docker sandboxes and trusted application services. A low-privileged …
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Critical 10.0
Linksys E5350 apply.cgi system os command injection
A vulnerability was detected in Linksys E5350 1.0.00.037. This affects the function system of the file /wizard/apply.cgi. Performing a manipulation of the argument ping_ip/traceroute_ip results in os command injection. The attack may be initiated remotely. Th…
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Critical 9.1
Linksys WRT54GL Traceroute Diagnostic Function apply.cgi system os command injection
A security vulnerability has been detected in Linksys WRT54GL 4.30.18. The impacted element is the function system of the file apply.cgi of the component Traceroute Diagnostic Function. Such manipulation of the argument traceroute_ip leads to os command injec…
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Critical 9.1
Linksys WRT54GL Ping Diagnostic apply.cgi system os command injection
A weakness has been identified in Linksys WRT54GL 4.30.18. The affected element is the function system of the file apply.cgi of the component Ping Diagnostic. This manipulation of the argument ping_ip causes os command injection. The attack can be initiated r…
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High 7.3
Qihoo 360 D603-2/D600-2/D606-6 Timezone Push iscm on_push_message os command injection
A vulnerability was determined in Qihoo 360 D603-2, D600-2 and D606-6 up to 6.3.2. This vulnerability affects the function on_push_message of the file /fs2/bin/iscm of the component Timezone Push Handler. Executing a manipulation of the argument tz can lead t…
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Critical 10.0
Qihoo 360 D603-2/D600-2/D606-6/D706 iscm testspeed_command os command injection
A vulnerability was found in Qihoo 360 D603-2, D600-2, D606-6 and D706 up to 6.4.9. This affects the function testspeed_command of the file /fs2/bin/iscm. Performing a manipulation of the argument host results in os command injection. The attack may be initia…
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High 7.2
On HP Poly EagleEye Cube USB 1.3.1-001267 devices, one of the API functions available on a management service accessibl…
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High 7.2
Authenticated Command Injection Vulnerability in HPE Networking VIA
A command injection vulnerability exists in HPE Networking VIA. Successful exploitation could allow an authenticated administrative user to execute arbitrary commands with elevated privileges on the underlying operating system.
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High 7.8
Authenticated Local Command Injection Vulnerability in the VIA Client for Linux
A command injection vulnerability exists in the VIA client for Linux. Successful exploitation could allow a low-privileged local attacker to execute arbitrary commands with elevated privileges on the affected system.
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High 7.2
Command Injection in IPsec VPN
Improper input validation in the IPsec VPN function may allow a remote attacker with high privileges to inject system commands and execute them with root privileges.
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High 7.2
Command Injection in WireGuard VPN
Improper input validation in the WireGuard VPN function may allow a remote attacker with high privileges to inject system commands and execute them with root privileges.
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High 7.2
Command Injection in ZeroTier VPN
Improper input validation in the ZeroTier VPN function may allow a remote attacker with high privileges to inject system commands and execute them with root privileges.
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Critical 10.0
WAVLINK WN551X3-A DNS Resolution ioos sub_41a430 os command injection
A vulnerability was found in WAVLINK WN551X3-A M51X3_V251020-WO-182e965. This impacts the function sub_41a430 of the file /bin/ioos of the component DNS Resolution Handler. Performing a manipulation of the argument data results in os command injection. It is …
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Critical 10.0
WAVLINK WN551X3-A WireGuard CLI Group ioos system os command injection
A vulnerability has been found in WAVLINK WN551X3-A M51X3_V251020-WO-182e965. This affects the function system of the file /bin/ioos of the component WireGuard CLI Group Handler. Such manipulation of the argument group_name leads to os command injection. The …
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Critical 9.9
WAVLINK WN536AX6-A protocol.csp host_black os command injection
A vulnerability was determined in WAVLINK WN536AX6-A V260507. This impacts the function host_black of the file /protocol.csp. This manipulation of the argument mac causes os command injection. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit has bee…
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Critical 10.0
WAVLINK WN536AX6-A WireGuard protocol.csp wireguard_cli_group handler os command injection
A vulnerability has been found in WAVLINK WN536AX6-A V260507. The impacted element is the function wireguard_cli_group handler of the file /protocol.csp of the component WireGuard. The manipulation of the argument group_id/group_name leads to os command injec…
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Critical 10.0
WAVLINK WN536AX6-A openvpn_cli protocol.csp os command injection
A flaw has been found in WAVLINK WN536AX6-A V260507. The affected element is an unknown function of the file /protocol.csp of the component openvpn_cli Handler. Executing a manipulation of the argument file_id can lead to os command injection. The attack can …
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Critical 10.0
WAVLINK WN536AX6-A WireGuard CLI Group ioos sub_41a1d8 os command injection
A security vulnerability has been detected in WAVLINK WN536AX6-A V260507_2.0.0. This issue affects the function sub_41a1d8 of the file /bin/ioos of the component WireGuard CLI Group Handler. Such manipulation of the argument group_name leads to os command inj…
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Critical 10.0
WAVLINK WN536AX6-A Web Management ioos sub_416760 os command injection
A weakness has been identified in WAVLINK WN536AX6-A V260507_2.0.0. This vulnerability affects the function sub_416760 of the file /bin/ioos of the component Web Management Interface. This manipulation of the argument group_name causes os command injection. I…
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Medium 5.5
Shanghai Xi Yu Ji Zhi Technology Minimax Code Find os command injection
A security flaw has been discovered in Shanghai Xi Yu Ji Zhi Technology Minimax Code 0.5.8. This affects an unknown part of the component Find Command Handler. The manipulation of the argument -exec results in os command injection. The attack may be performed…
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Critical 9.9
WAVLINK WN553X1-B WireGuard CLI Group ioos sub_41A748 os command injection
A vulnerability was determined in WAVLINK WN553X1-B V260403_2.0.0. This issue affects the function sub_41A748 of the file /bin/ioos of the component WireGuard CLI Group Handler. Executing a manipulation of the argument group_id/group_name can lead to os comma…
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Critical 9.9
WAVLINK WN553X1-B WireGuard CLI ioos sub_419DA8 os command injection
A vulnerability was found in WAVLINK WN553X1-B V260403_2.0.0. This vulnerability affects the function sub_419DA8 of the file /bin/ioos of the component WireGuard CLI Handler. Performing a manipulation of the argument file_id results in os command injection. T…
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Critical 9.9
WAVLINK WN553X1-B ovpn_file ioos sub_4162A8 os command injection
A vulnerability has been found in WAVLINK WN553X1-B 260403_2.0.0. This affects the function sub_4162A8 of the file /bin/ioos of the component ovpn_file Handler. Such manipulation of the argument file_id leads to os command injection. The attack can be execute…
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Critical 9.9
WAVLINK WN553X1-B OpenVPN CLI ioos sub_416568 os command injection
A vulnerability was determined in WAVLINK WN553X1-B V260403_2.0.0. The affected element is the function sub_416568 of the file /bin/ioos of the component OpenVPN CLI Handler. This manipulation of the argument file_id causes os command injection. It is possibl…
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Critical 9.9
WAVLINK WN701AE ioos Web Backend del_vlan_group os command injection
A vulnerability was found in WAVLINK WN701AE 260105. Impacted is the function del_vlan_group of the component ioos Web Backend. The manipulation of the argument vlan_name results in os command injection. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit ha…
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Critical 9.1
WAVLINK WN553X1-B ioos sub_416B50 os command injection
A vulnerability has been found in WAVLINK WN553X1-B 260403_2.0.0. This issue affects the function sub_416B50 of the file /bin/ioos. The manipulation of the argument file_id leads to os command injection. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The …
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Critical 9.9
WAVLINK WN553X1-B ioos Service sub_416D88 os command injection
A flaw has been found in WAVLINK WN553X1-B V260403_2.0.0. This vulnerability affects the function sub_416D88 of the file /bin/ioos of the component ioos Service. Executing a manipulation of the argument group_id/group_name can lead to os command injection. Th…
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Critical 9.9
WAVLINK WN701AE ioos Web Backend static_route_setting.sh del_staticrule os command injection
A vulnerability was detected in WAVLINK WN701AE M01AE_V260105. This affects the function del_staticrule of the file static_route_setting.sh of the component ioos Web Backend. Performing a manipulation of the argument rule_name results in os command injection.…
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Critical 10.0
WAVLINK WL-WN530BE1-A protocol.csp con_check_read_finish command injection
A vulnerability has been found in WAVLINK WL-WN530BE1-A V251117. Affected is the function con_check_read_finish of the file /protocol.csp. Such manipulation of the argument group_name/IP-FROM leads to command injection. It is possible to launch the attack rem…
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Critical 9.9
WAVLINK WL-WN530HG4B wapi.cgi port_forward os command injection
A flaw has been found in WAVLINK WL-WN530HG4B M_V260724. This impacts the function port_forward of the file /cgi-bin/wapi.cgi. This manipulation of the argument Name causes os command injection. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has …
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Critical 9.9
WAVLINK WN579X3-D wapi.cgi port_forward os command injection
A vulnerability was detected in WAVLINK WN579X3-D V250402. This affects the function port_forward of the file /cgi-bin/wapi.cgi. The manipulation of the argument Name results in os command injection. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit is now…
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Critical 10.0
WAVLINK WL-WN579A3-A Initial Setup Wizard adm.cgi set_wzdgwMesh os command injection
A security vulnerability has been detected in WAVLINK WL-WN579A3-A 2026-03-10-94f93d4. The impacted element is the function set_wzdgwMesh of the file /cgi-bin/adm.cgi of the component Initial Setup Wizard. The manipulation of the argument wlan_ssid leads to o…
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High 7.8
SQLite CLI through 3.54.1 Command Injection via .recover Output
SQLite command-line shell through 3.54.1 contains a command injection vulnerability in the .recover command that emits attacker-planted dot-commands stored in sqlite_schema.sql values verbatim. Attackers can craft a database whose schema holds a valid CREATE …