Weakness (CWE)
CWE-829: Inclusion of Functionality from Untrusted Control Sphere
The product imports, requires, or includes executable functionality (such as a library) from a source that is outside of the intended control sphere.
How to prevent it (8 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
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Architecture and Design
When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
For example, ID 1 could map to "inbox.txt" and ID 2 could map to "profile.txt". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-45] provide this capability.
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Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
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Architecture and Design, Operation
Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
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Architecture and Design, Operation
Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
When validating filenames, use stringent allowlists that limit the character set to be used. If feasible, only allow a single "." character in the filename to avoid weaknesses such as CWE-23, and exclude directory separators such as "/" to avoid CWE-36. Use a list of allowable file extensions, which will help to avoid CWE-434.
Do not rely exclusively on a filtering mechanism that removes potentially dangerous characters. This is equivalent to a denylist, which may be incomplete (CWE-184). For example, filtering "/" is insufficient protection if the filesystem also supports the use of "\" as a directory separator. Another possible error could occur when the filtering is applied in a way that still produces dangerous data (CWE-182). For example, if "../" sequences are removed from the ".../...//" string in a sequential fashion, two instances of "../" would be removed from the original string, but the remaining characters would still form the "../" string.
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Architecture and Design, Operation
Store library, include, and utility files outside of the web document root, if possible. Otherwise, store them in a separate directory and use the web server's access control capabilities to prevent attackers from directly requesting them. One common practice is to define a fixed constant in each calling program, then check for the existence of the constant in the library/include file; if the constant does not exist, then the file was directly requested, and it can exit immediately.
This significantly reduces the chance of an attacker being able to bypass any protection mechanisms that are in the base program but not in the include files. It will also reduce the attack surface.
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Architecture and Design, Implementation
Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
Many file inclusion problems occur because the programmer assumed that certain inputs could not be modified, especially for cookies and URL components.
Source: MITRE CWE-829
208 results · Clear filters · Feed
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High 7.8
Aegisub executes arbitrary code through automatically loaded Automation scripts
Aegisub is a cross-platform advanced subtitle editor. From 3.2.0 to 3.4.2, Aegisub automatically loads Automation scripts referenced by `Automation Scripts` metadata in `ASS` subtitle projects without asking whether the user trusts the scripts or their author…
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High 7.5
Dell Secure Connect Gateway (SCG) Policy Manager, versions prior to 5.34.00.16, contains an Inclusion of Functionality …
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High 7.2
Ghost: Remote Code Execution via Theme Translation Files
Ghost is a Node.js content management system. From 6.10.3 until 6.64.0, a vulnerability in how Ghost loads theme translation files allowed an authenticated Administrator to execute arbitrary code on the server via a crafted theme. This issue is fixed in versi…
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High 7.8
auto-changelog: code execution via untrusted in-repository configuration (handlebarsSetup/plugins), plus argument injection, path traversal, and SSRF
auto-changelog before 2.6.1 merges configuration from inside the target repository (the .auto-changelog file and the auto-changelog key in package.json) into its options, and honors security-sensitive options from that untrusted source. The handlebarsSetup op…
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High 8.5CVE-2026-63277 Public exploit
RCE via calcext:data-mappings, sql provider and jdbc connector
LibreOffice Calc can link a cell range to an external data source, and the link is saved in the document. A document could name a Java database driver for such a link to be loaded from a remote location, so opening the document could run Java code from that l…
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High 8.4
Mitel MiVoice Office 400 Music on Hold WAV File Upload Code Execution
DigitalCanion SA has discovered a vulnerability that allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of the product. Authentication may be required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the Configuration → …
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High 8.4
Mitel MiVoice Office 400 Shared Object Hijacking Leading to Arbitrary Code Execution
DigitalCanion has discovered a vulnerability that allows an attacker to cause the system to load an attacker-controlled .so file instead of the expected legitimate module. The loading mechanism relies on a predictable module name without adequately verifying …
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High 7.2
Ghost from 6.10.3 before 6.64.0 RCE via Theme Translation Files
Ghost from 6.10.3 before 6.64.0 contains a remote code execution vulnerability that allows authenticated administrators to run code by abusing theme translation file loading. Attackers with administrator access can upload a crafted theme containing malicious …
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High 7.8
In JetBrains IntelliJ IDEA before 2026.2.3 rCE via Structural Search script constraints was possible in untrusted proje…
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High 7.2
When converting baserCMS4-style addons to baserCMS5-style ones, BcAddonMigrator includes "config.php" from the addon, w…
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High 7.1
Kube-compare: container:// reference extraction runs the image entrypoint and silently escalates to sudo
A flaw was found in kube-compare. When processing a 'container://' reference path, the tool incorrectly executes an untrusted container image's entrypoint instead of merely extracting data from a stopped container. This allows a remote attacker to achieve arb…
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High 8.2
Network UPS Tools: A PWN Request in make-dist workflow can execute PR-controlled code with write-scoped GITHUB_TOKEN
Network UPS Tools is a collection of programs which provide a common interface for monitoring and administering UPS, PDU and SCD hardware. Prior to commits 658b24e and 1aa31d1, the GitHub Actions script used to prepare NUT tarballs and update GitHub Checks st…
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High 8.8
Kiro IDE Allows Agentic Writes to Global Configurations While Working in Untrusted Workspaces
The file write tool in Amazon Kiro IDE versions before 1.0.242 might allow remote unauthenticated actors to inject crafted instructions into the agent's context. When a user runs the agent in a crafted repository as an untrusted workspace, sending any message…
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High 8.8
IBM Financial Transaction Manager (FTM) is Impacted by Multiple Vulnerabilities
IBM Financial Transaction Manager (FTM) for RedHat OpenShift could allow a local attacker to execute arbitrary commands due to the inclusion of functionality from an untrusted control sphere.
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High 7.5
GNU Emacs 28.1 through 31.1 allows arbitrary code execution upon opening a file, because an untrusted value of read-sym…
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High 8.8
Mistral Vibe before 2.25.5 Remote Code Execution via git post-checkout
Mistral Vibe before 2.25.5 contains a remote code execution vulnerability in the worktree creation process that executes git hooks before trust validation. Attackers can supply a repository with a crafted post-checkout hook that executes arbitrary shell comma…
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High 8.8
NetBox Device Type Library: Module Shadowing Bypass of prior pickle fix - RCE via missing `tests/__init__.py` + SSRF via unfixed `NETBOX_DT_LIBRARY_URL` → Cloud Metadata credential theft
NetBox Device Type Library is a collection of community-sourced device type definitions for import into NetBox. The absence of tests/init.py and the lack of --import-mode=importlib cause pytest prepend import mode to place the tests directory at the front of …
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High 8.6
vm2 before 3.11.7 Sandbox Escape via CLI require
vm2 before 3.11.7 contains a sandbox escape vulnerability in the CLI tool that allows attackers to execute arbitrary code in the host Node.js process. Attackers can supply a malicious script file to the vm2 CLI that uses require(__filename) to re-execute itse…
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High 7.7
Arbitrary Code Execution in Gemini CLI via Untrusted Local .env Files Overriding GEMINI_CLI_HOME
A vulnerability in the Gemini CLI prior to version 0.39.1 allows attackers to achieve arbitrary code execution by tricking a victim into starting the CLI within an untrusted directory. The vulnerability is triggered via untrusted .env files overriding GEMINI_…
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High 8.6
Code execution can occur in versions of the MLflow platform running version 0.0.1 or newer, enabling a maliciously craf…
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High 7.8
knowns before 0.30.0 Arbitrary Code Execution via LSP Binary
knowns versions before 0.30.0 fail to validate the settings.lsp.languages binary field in project configuration files, allowing attackers to execute arbitrary binaries by crafting a malicious .knowns/config.json file. When a repository with a crafted configur…
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High 7.8
In JetBrains IntelliJ IDEA before 2026.2.2 missing project-trust confirmation before building a Dev Container allowed h…
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High 8.8
Axolotl before 0.19.0 Remote Code Execution via Multipack Patching
Axolotl before 0.19.0 contains a remote code execution vulnerability in the multipack patch path where trust_remote_code defaults to None instead of False, causing the security guard to be bypassed. Attackers can execute arbitrary Python code by crafting a ma…
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High 8.8
Dell PowerStore contains an Inclusion of Functionality from Untrusted Control Sphere vulnerability. An authenticated us…
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High 7.3
Inclusion of Functionality from Untrusted Control Sphere in GitLab
GitLab has remediated an issue in GitLab EE affecting all versions from 18.9 before 19.1.7, 19.2 before 19.2.5, and 19.3 before 19.3.1 that, under certain conditions, an authenticated user with developer-role permissions could have executed arbitrary commands…
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High —
NocoBase: Arbitrary File Write chained with Local file Inclusion leads to Remote code execution
## Executive Summary Two vulnerabilities were identified and chained to achieve authenticated remote code execution The first vulnerability allows any authenticated admin to redirect the file upload storage root to an arbitrary path on disk including the appl…
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High 8.0
Acm-operator-bundle: acm-operator-bundle: bundle build execs unpinned stolostron/release@master with full build credentials
A flaw was found in acm-operator-bundle. The build process for this component downloads and runs a script from a remote source without verifying its authenticity or integrity. This script gains access to sensitive credentials, such as GitHub access tokens and…
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High 7.1
Orval: Generation-time SSRF + remote/local file inclusion via unrestricted $ref
Orval generates type-safe JavaScript clients in TypeScript from OpenAPI v3 and Swagger v2 specifications. Prior to 8.22.0, Orval resolves remote and local external $ref values without an allowlist or confinement to the input directory. Processing an attacker-…
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High 7.1
Vim: Arbitrary Ex Command Execution in C Omni-Completion
Vim is an open source, command line text editor. Prior to 9.2.0845, StructMembers() in runtime/autoload/ccomplete.vim constructs and executes a vimgrep command using an insufficiently escaped typeref: or typename: value from a tags file, allowing an untermina…
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High 7.2
WordPress Easy Google Maps plugin < 1.14.2 - Remote File Inclusion vulnerability
Unauthenticated Remote File Inclusion in Easy Google Maps < 1.14.2 versions.
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High 7.1
Cortex has Untrusted Project Bootstrap Code Execution via `CLAUDE_PROJECT_DIR`
The Cortex MCP server (`neuro-cortex-memory`), a cross-platform persistent memory MCP, prior to version 3.17.1 treats the `CLAUDE_PROJECT_DIR` environment variable — automatically set by Claude Code to the currently open project directory — as a trusted Corte…
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High 8.4
In Eclipse Theia versions up to and including 1.69.0, opening a folder starts source control integration without requir…
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High 8.1
PostgreSQL psql COPY FROM STDIN early failure processes data lines as psql commands
Untrusted data inclusion in PostgreSQL psql COPY may allow a server administrator to elicit execution of data lines as psql commands, via error injection. If the "COPY FROM STDIN" or "\copy FROM STDIN" command fails before the server indicates that it awaits …
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High 8.8
PostgreSQL psql \unrestrict lets superuser of pg_dump origin server execute arbitrary code in psql client
Untrusted data inclusion in pg_dump in PostgreSQL allows a malicious superuser of the origin server to inject arbitrary code for restore-time execution as the client operating system account running psql to restore the dump, via psql \restrict meta-command in…
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High 7.8
Visual Studio Code Python Extension Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability
Inclusion of functionality from untrusted control sphere in Visual Studio Code - Python extension allows an unauthorized attacker to bypass a security feature locally.
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High 8.4
Vim: Arbitrary Command Execution via Malicious `.VimballRecord` Entry Replay in `vimball.vim`
Vim is an open source, command line text editor. Prior to 9.2.0847, runtime/autoload/vimball.vim allows a crafted vimball member named .VimballRecord to overwrite the installation record with attacker-chosen commands. When vimball#RmVimball() later processes …
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High 8.1
Openjdk-orb: unauthed class loading via iiop in eap
when EAP runs with -secmgr, the openjdk-orb's JDKBridge honours attacker-supplied CDR codebase URLs during object unmarshalling on :3528, allowing an unauthenticated attacker to load and instantiate arbitrary classes from a remote URL in the server JVM before…
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High 7.8
PraisonAI workflow include bypasses tools.py autoload opt-in and executes included recipe code
PraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. In versions 3.9.26 through 4.6.57 of praiseonai and 0.12.12 through 1.6.57 of praiseonaiagents, the workflow "include" feature is vulnerable to code execution. Workflow._execute_include() implicitly imports and runs an…
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High 8.8
Mistral Vibe < 2.23.3 Arbitrary Command Execution via git fsmonitor Hook
Mistral Vibe before 2.23.3 contains a remote code execution vulnerability that allows attackers to execute arbitrary commands by embedding a malicious core.fsmonitor hook in a repository's .git/config file, which is triggered when vibe invokes git status --po…
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High 8.4
pdm: Project-Controlled `.pdm-plugins` Content Executes Before CLI Parsing
PDM is a Python package and dependency manager. In versions up to and including 2.26.9, PDM automatically loads project-local plugins from a .pdm-plugins directory during initialization, allowing an attacker-controlled file in an untrusted repository checkout…