Weakness (CWE)
CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command
The product constructs all or part of an SQL command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended SQL command when it is sent to a downstream component. Without sufficient removal or quoting of SQL syntax in user-controllable inputs, the generated SQL query can cause those inputs to be interpreted as SQL instead of ordinary user data.
How to prevent it (8 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
For example, consider using persistence layers such as Hibernate or Enterprise Java Beans, which can provide significant protection against SQL injection if used properly.
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Architecture and Design
If available, use structured mechanisms that automatically enforce the separation between data and code. These mechanisms may be able to provide the relevant quoting, encoding, and validation automatically, instead of relying on the developer to provide this capability at every point where output is generated.
Process SQL queries using prepared statements, parameterized queries, or stored procedures. These features should accept parameters or variables and support strong typing. Do not dynamically construct and execute query strings within these features using "exec" or similar functionality, since this may re-introduce the possibility of SQL injection. [REF-867]
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Architecture and Design, Operation
Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.
Specifically, follow the principle of least privilege when creating user accounts to a SQL database. The database users should only have the minimum privileges necessary to use their account. If the requirements of the system indicate that a user can read and modify their own data, then limit their privileges so they cannot read/write others' data. Use the strictest permissions possible on all database objects, such as execute-only for stored procedures.
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Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
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Implementation
While it is risky to use dynamically-generated query strings, code, or commands that mix control and data together, sometimes it may be unavoidable. Properly quote arguments and escape any special characters within those arguments. The most conservative approach is to escape or filter all characters that do not pass an extremely strict allowlist (such as everything that is not alphanumeric or white space). If some special characters are still needed, such as white space, wrap each argument in quotes after the escaping/filtering step. Be careful of argument injection (CWE-88).
Instead of building a new implementation, such features may be available in the database or programming language. For example, the Oracle DBMS_ASSERT package can check or enforce that parameters have certain properties that make them less vulnerable to SQL injection. For MySQL, the mysql_real_escape_string() API function is available in both C and PHP.
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
When constructing SQL query strings, use stringent allowlists that limit the character set based on the expected value of the parameter in the request. This will indirectly limit the scope of an attack, but this technique is less important than proper output encoding and escaping.
Note that proper output encoding, escaping, and quoting is the most effective solution for preventing SQL injection, although input validation may provide some defense-in-depth. This is because it effectively limits what will appear in output. Input validation will not always prevent SQL injection, especially if you are required to support free-form text fields that could contain arbitrary characters. For example, the name "O'Reilly" would likely pass the validation step, since it is a common last name in the English language. However, it cannot be directly inserted into the database because it contains the "'" apostrophe character, which would need to be escaped or otherwise handled. In this case, stripping the apostrophe might reduce the risk of SQL injection, but it would produce incorrect behavior because the wrong name would be recorded.
When feasible, it may be safest to disallow meta-characters entirely, instead of escaping them. This will provide some defense in depth. After the data is entered into the database, later processes may neglect to escape meta-characters before use, and you may not have control over those processes.
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Architecture and Design
When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
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Implementation
Ensure that error messages only contain minimal details that are useful to the intended audience and no one else. The messages need to strike the balance between being too cryptic (which can confuse users) or being too detailed (which may reveal more than intended). The messages should not reveal the methods that were used to determine the error. Attackers can use detailed information to refine or optimize their original attack, thereby increasing their chances of success.
If errors must be captured in some detail, record them in log messages, but consider what could occur if the log messages can be viewed by attackers. Highly sensitive information such as passwords should never be saved to log files.
Avoid inconsistent messaging that might accidentally tip off an attacker about internal state, such as whether a user account exists or not.
In the context of SQL Injection, error messages revealing the structure of a SQL query can help attackers tailor successful attack strings.
Source: MITRE CWE-89
13,971 results · Feed
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Critical 9.1
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High 7.5
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High 7.3
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High 8.7
Hi.Events: SQL Injection via Unvalidated sort_by Query Parameter in Multiple Repository Classes
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High 8.5
Payload has an SQL Injection via Query Handling
Payload is a free and open source headless content management system. Prior to version 3.79.1, certain request inputs were not properly validated. An attacker could craft requests that influence SQL query execution, potentially exposing or modifying data in c…
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Medium 6.9
Joomla! Core - [20260302] - SQL injection in com_content articles webservice endpoint
Improperly built order clauses lead to a SQL injection vulnerability in the articles webservice endpoint.
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High 7.3
code-projects Simple Laundry System Parameter delstaffinfo.php sql injection
A vulnerability has been found in code-projects Simple Laundry System 1.0. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /delstaffinfo.php of the component Parameter Handler. Such manipulation of the argument userid leads to sql injection. The attack…
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High 7.3
code-projects Simple Laundry System Parameter modify.php sql injection
A flaw has been found in code-projects Simple Laundry System 1.0. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /modify.php of the component Parameter Handler. This manipulation of the argument firstName causes sql injection. Remote exploitation of the …
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High 7.6
IBM Storage Protect Server is affected by a vulnerability that could allow authenticated users to access administrative metadata through the JSON-RPC endpoint .
IBM Storage Protect Server 8.2.0 IBM Storage Protect Plus Server is vulnerable to SQL injection. A remote attacker could send specially crafted SQL statements, which could allow the attacker to view, add, modify, or delete information in the back-end database.
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High 7.3
pandas-ai v3.0.0 was discovered to contain a SQL injection vulnerability via the pandasai.agent.base._execute_sql_query…
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High 7.3
itsourcecode Payroll Management System Parameter view_employee.php sql injection
A weakness has been identified in itsourcecode Payroll Management System 1.0. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /view_employee.php of the component Parameter Handler. Executing a manipulation of the argument ID can lead to sql i…
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Medium 6.5
Amelia <= 2.1.2 - Authenticated (Manager+) SQL Injection via 'sort' Parameter
The Booking for Appointments and Events Calendar - Amelia plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to SQL Injection via the `sort` parameter in the payments listing endpoint in all versions up to, and including, 2.1.2. This is due to insufficient escaping on the us…
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High 7.3
itsourcecode Payroll Management System Parameter manage_user.php sql injection
A security flaw has been discovered in itsourcecode Payroll Management System 1.0. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /manage_user.php of the component Parameter Handler. Performing a manipulation of the argument ID results…
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Medium 6.9
alerta-server has potential SQL Injection vulnerability in Query String Syntax (q=) API
Alerta is a monitoring tool. Prior to version 9.1.0, the Query string search API (q=) was vulnerable to SQL injection via the Postgres query parser, which built WHERE clauses by interpolating user-supplied search terms directly into SQL strings via f-strings.…
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Medium 6.3
code-projects Simple Gym Management System Payment sql injection
A security vulnerability has been detected in code-projects Simple Gym Management System 1.0. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the component Payment Handler. The manipulation of the argument Payment_id/Amount/customer_id/payment_type/customer_name l…
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Critical 9.3CVE-2026-34220 Public exploit
MikroORM is vulnerable to SQL Injection via specially crafted object
MikroORM is a TypeScript ORM for Node.js based on Data Mapper, Unit of Work and Identity Map patterns. Prior to versions 6.6.10 and 7.0.6, there is a SQL injection vulnerability when specially crafted objects are interpreted as raw SQL query fragments. This i…
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High 7.3
code-projects Student Membership System Admin Login index.php sql injection
A vulnerability was determined in code-projects Student Membership System 1.0. The impacted element is an unknown function of the file /admin/index.php of the component Admin Login. This manipulation of the argument username/password causes sql injection. Rem…
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Medium 6.3
code-projects Student Membership System delete_user.php sql injection
A vulnerability was found in code-projects Student Membership System 1.0. The affected element is an unknown function of the file /delete_user.php. The manipulation of the argument ID results in sql injection. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit …
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Critical 9.3
SQL inyection in Umami Software application
SQL inyection (SQLi) vulnerability in Umami Software web application through an improperly sanitized parameter, which could allow an authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary SQL commands in the database.Specifically, they could manipulate the value of the …
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Medium 6.3
code-projects Student Membership System delete_member.php sql injection
A vulnerability has been found in code-projects Student Membership System 1.0. Impacted is an unknown function of the file /delete_member.php. The manipulation of the argument ID leads to sql injection. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has be…
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High 7.3
code-projects Student Membership System User Registration sql injection
A flaw has been found in code-projects Student Membership System 1.0. This issue affects some unknown processing of the component User Registration Handler. Executing a manipulation can lead to sql injection. The attack can be launched remotely.
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High 7.3
SourceCodester Teacher Record System Parameter sql injection
A vulnerability was found in SourceCodester Teacher Record System 1.0. Impacted is an unknown function of the file Teacher Record System of the component Parameter Handler. Performing a manipulation of the argument searchteacher results in sql injection. It i…
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High 7.3
SourceCodester Simple Doctors Appointment System ajax.php sql injection
A flaw has been found in SourceCodester Simple Doctors Appointment System 1.0. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /admin/ajax.php?action=login2. This manipulation of the argument email causes sql injection. The attack is possible to be carrie…
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High 7.3
SourceCodester Simple Doctors Appointment System login.php sql injection
A vulnerability was detected in SourceCodester Simple Doctors Appointment System 1.0. This affects an unknown part of the file /admin/login.php. The manipulation of the argument Username results in sql injection. The attack can be executed remotely. The explo…
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Critical 9.8
SciTokens vulnerable to SQL Injection in KeyCache
SciTokens is a reference library for generating and using SciTokens. Prior to version 1.9.6, the KeyCache class in scitokens was vulnerable to SQL Injection because it used Python's str.format() to construct SQL queries with user-supplied data (such as issuer…
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Medium 6.9
baserCMS: SQL injection vulnerability in blog post
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Medium 5.4
A Blind SQL Injection vulnerability exists in SourceCodester Loan Management System v1.0. The vulnerability is located …
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High 7.3
code-projects Accounting System Parameter viewin_costumer.php sql injection
A security vulnerability has been detected in code-projects Accounting System 1.0. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /viewin_costumer.php of the component Parameter Handler. Such manipulation of the argument cos_id leads to sql injection.…
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Medium 4.7
YunaiV yudao-cloud page sql injection
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Medium 4.9
Tautulli: SQL Injection in get_home_stats API endpoint via unsanitised filter parameters
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High 7.3CVE-2026-5147 Public exploit
YunaiV yudao-cloud get-by-website sql injection
A security flaw has been discovered in YunaiV yudao-cloud up to 2026.01. This affects an unknown part of the file /admin-api/system/tenant/get-by-website. The manipulation of the argument Website results in sql injection. It is possible to launch the attack r…
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High 7.4
SQL Injection vulnerability in SchemaHero 0.23.0 via the column parameter to the mysqlColumnAsInsert function in file p…
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High 7.4
SQL Injection vulnerability in SchemaHero 0.23.0 via the column parameter to the columnAsInsert function in file plugin…
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High 7.3
code-projects Accounting System Parameter view_work.php sql injection
A vulnerability has been found in code-projects Accounting System 1.0. This affects an unknown part of the file /view_work.php of the component Parameter Handler. Such manipulation of the argument en_id leads to sql injection. It is possible to launch the att…
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High 7.3
code-projects Accounting System Parameter edit_costumer.php sql injection
A flaw has been found in code-projects Accounting System 1.0. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /edit_costumer.php of the component Parameter Handler. This manipulation of the argument cos_id causes sql injection. It is possible…
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High 7.3
code-projects Accounting System Parameter view_costumer.php sql injection
A vulnerability was detected in code-projects Accounting System 1.0. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /view_costumer.php of the component Parameter Handler. The manipulation of the argument cos_id results in sql injection…
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High 7.3
code-projects Simple Food Order System Parameter all-orders.php sql injection
A security vulnerability has been detected in code-projects Simple Food Order System 1.0. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file all-orders.php of the component Parameter Handler. The manipulation of the argument Status leads t…
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High 7.3
code-projects Simple Food Order System Parameter register-router.php sql injection
A weakness has been identified in code-projects Simple Food Order System 1.0. Affected is an unknown function of the file register-router.php of the component Parameter Handler. Executing a manipulation of the argument Name can lead to sql injection. The atta…
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High 7.3
code-projects Simple Food Order System Parameter all-tickets.php sql injection
A security flaw has been discovered in code-projects Simple Food Order System 1.0. This impacts an unknown function of the file /all-tickets.php of the component Parameter Handler. Performing a manipulation of the argument Status results in sql injection. The…
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High 7.3
Sinaptik AI PandasAI pandasai-lancedb Extension lancedb.py get_relevant_docs_by_id sql injection
A vulnerability was identified in Sinaptik AI PandasAI up to 0.1.4. Affected by this issue is the function delete_question_and_answers/delete_docs/update_question_answer/update_docs/get_relevant_question_answers_by_id/get_relevant_docs_by_id of the file exten…