Weakness (CWE)
CWE-917: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an Expression Language Statement
The product constructs all or part of an expression language (EL) statement in a framework such as a Java Server Page (JSP) using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended EL statement before it is executed.
How to prevent it (3 mitigations)
-
Architecture and Design
Avoid adding user-controlled data into an expression interpreter when possible.
-
Implementation
If user-controlled data must be added to an expression interpreter, one or more of the following should be performed:
- Validate that the user input will not evaluate as an expression
- Encode the user input in a way that ensures it is not evaluated as an expression
-
System Configuration, Operation
The framework or tooling might allow the developer to disable or deactivate the processing of EL expressions, such as setting the isELIgnored attribute for a JSP page to "true".
Source: MITRE CWE-917
19 results · Clear filters · Feed
-
Critical 9.8CVE-2026-104711 Public exploit
Apache Struts: OGNL injection in the legacy RESTful action mapper
Improper neutralization of special elements used in an expression language statement ('Expression Language Injection') vulnerability in Apache Struts. If the application is configured to use the legacy RESTful action mapper, a crafted request can inject an OG…
-
Critical 9.8CVE-2026-11561 Public exploit
SSTI in Soagen Informatics' Apinizer
Improper neutralization of special elements used in an expression language statement ('expression language injection') vulnerability in Soagen Informatics Technologies Software and Consulting Inc. Apinizer allows Code Injection. This issue affects Apinizer: f…
-
Critical 9.1CVE-2026-2586 Public exploit
GlassFish's Administration Console is Vulnerable to RCE
An authenticated Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability was identified in GlassFish's Administration Console. A user with access to the panel can send crafted requests that allow the execution of arbitrary operating system commands with the privileges of t…
-
Critical 9.6CVE-2026-2587 Public exploit
GlassFish's gadget handler is vulnerable to RCE
A critical Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability was identified in the server-side template rendering mechanism used by the Glassfish gadget handler. The application processes .xml files and evaluates user-supplied values within a context where Expression…
-
Critical 9.0
Thymeleaf: Improper recognition of unauthorized syntax patterns in sandboxed Thymeleaf expressions
Thymeleaf is a server-side Java template engine for web and standalone environments. Prior to 3.1.5.RELEASE, a security bypass vulnerability exists in the expression execution mechanisms of Thymeleaf. Although the library provides mechanisms to avoid the exec…
-
Critical 9.1
Improper restriction of the scope of accessible objects in Thymeleaf expressions
Thymeleaf is a server-side Java template engine for web and standalone environments. Versions 3.1.3.RELEASE and prior contain a security bypass vulnerability in the expression execution mechanisms. Although the library provides mechanisms to prevent expressio…
-
Critical 10.0CVE-2026-39842 Public exploit
OpenRemote is Vulnerable to Expression Injection
OpenRemote is an open-source IoT platform. Versions 1.21.0 and below contain two interrelated expression injection vulnerabilities in the rules engine that allow arbitrary code execution on the server. The JavaScript rules engine executes user-supplied script…
-
Critical 9.8CVE-2026-22738 Public exploit
SpEL Injection via Unescaped Filter Key in SimpleVectorStore Leads to Remote Code Execution
In Spring AI, a SpEL injection vulnerability exists in SimpleVectorStore when a user-supplied value is used as a filter expression key. A malicious actor could exploit this to execute arbitrary code. Only applications that use SimpleVectorStore and pass user-…
-
Critical 10.0
Spring Expression Language property modification using Spring Cloud Gateway Server WebFlux
Spring Cloud Gateway Server Webflux may be vulnerable to Spring Environment property modification. An application should be considered vulnerable when all the following are true: * The application is using Spring Cloud Gateway Server Webflux (Spring Cloud Gat…
-
Critical 9.0
SpEL Injection in Spring Data MongoDB
A Spring Data MongoDB application is vulnerable to SpEL Injection when using @Query or @Aggregation-annotated query methods with SpEL expressions that contain query parameter placeholders for value binding if the input is not sanitized.
-
Critical 9.8
In affected versions of Confluence Server and Data Center, an OGNL injection vulnerability exists that would allow an u…
KEV Jun 2, 2022 -
Critical 9.8
Forced OGNL evaluation, when evaluated on raw not validated user input in tag attributes, may lead to RCE.
The fix issued for CVE-2020-17530 was incomplete. So from Apache Struts 2.0.0 to 2.5.29, still some of the tag’s attributes could perform a double evaluation if a developer applied forced OGNL evaluation by using the %{...} syntax. Using forced OGNL evaluatio…
-
Critical 9.8
Spring Cloud Function Code Injection with a specially crafted SpEL as a routing expression
In Spring Cloud Function versions 3.1.6, 3.2.2 and older unsupported versions, when using routing functionality it is possible for a user to provide a specially crafted SpEL as a routing-expression that may result in remote code execution and access to local …
KEV Aug 25, 2022 -
Critical 10.0
Spring Cloud Gateway vulnerable to Code Injection when Gateway Actuator endpoint enabled, exposed, unsecured
In spring cloud gateway versions prior to 3.1.1+ and 3.0.7+ , applications are vulnerable to a code injection attack when the Gateway Actuator endpoint is enabled, exposed and unsecured. A remote attacker could make a maliciously crafted request that could al…
KEV May 16, 2022 -
Critical 9.0
Apache Log4j2 Thread Context Message Pattern and Context Lookup Pattern vulnerable to a denial of service attack
It was found that the fix to address CVE-2021-44228 in Apache Log4j 2.15.0 was incomplete in certain non-default configurations. This could allows attackers with control over Thread Context Map (MDC) input data when the logging configuration uses a non-defaul…
KEV May 1, 2023 -
Critical 10.0
Apache Log4j2 JNDI features do not protect against attacker controlled LDAP and other JNDI related endpoints
Apache Log4j2 2.0-beta9 through 2.15.0 (excluding security releases 2.12.2, 2.12.3, and 2.3.1) JNDI features used in configuration, log messages, and parameters do not protect against attacker controlled LDAP and other JNDI related endpoints. An attacker who …
KEV Dec 10, 2021 -
Critical 9.8
In affected versions of Confluence Server and Data Center, an OGNL injection vulnerability exists that would allow an u…
KEV Nov 3, 2021 -
Critical 9.8
Remote code execution in Apache Struts
Forced OGNL evaluation, when evaluated on raw user input in tag attributes, may lead to remote code execution. Affected software : Apache Struts 2.0.0 - Struts 2.5.25.
KEV Nov 3, 2021 -
Critical 9.8
Arbitrary code execution in Richfaces
JBoss RichFaces 3.1.0 through 3.3.4 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to inject expression language (EL) expressions and execute arbitrary Java code via a /DATA/ substring in a path with an org.richfaces.renderkit.html.Paint2DResource$ImageData object, …