Weakness (CWE)
CWE-125: Out-of-bounds Read
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
How to prevent it (2 mitigations)
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
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Architecture and Design
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
Source: MITRE CWE-125
2,828 results · Clear filters · Feed
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Medium 5.3
Uninitialized memory disclosure and out-of-bounds read in POP3 and SMTP NTLM authentication
When authenticating to a POP3 or SMTP server using NTLM, Thunderbird did not check whether the server's challenge was valid base64. A malicious server could send a challenge that caused Thunderbird to include uninitialized heap memory in its NTLM response, di…
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Medium 4.3
Acrobat for Edge | Out-of-bounds Read (CWE-125)
Acrobat for Edge is affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to disclose sensitive information. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in tha…
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Medium 4.8
Module block-pool create validates two of the four parameter words it reads
The Module Manager's block-pool create dispatcher proved that two `ALIGN_TYPE` words of the extra-parameter array a memory-protected module supplies lay inside the module's data, and then used indices 0 through 3 of that array. One of the two unproved words i…
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Medium 6.9
Module Manager object lookup validates one byte of a module's search name
The Module Manager's object lookup validated one byte of a memory-protected module's search name and then walked as much of it as the module declared, in privileged mode, with the kernel's preemption count raised. Both lookup dispatchers are affected: the rec…
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Medium 6.9
Module delete dispatchers do not enforce kernel-object ownership before irreversible deletion
A ThreadX module reaches a kernel object's delete service through the Module Manager's dispatch layer, which asked one question about the pointer: does the object lie outside the module's own code and data. That is the policy for *using* an object, and using …
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Medium 4.6
Out-of-bounds read when a multi-line text view string ends with a carriage return
`_gx_multi_line_text_view_display_info_get()` reads one byte past the end of the application's text buffer when the string it is given ends with a carriage return (`\r`). The over-read can also cause callers to advance their index past the end of the string, …
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Medium 6.1
JPEG decoder: truncated segments are read past the image buffer, and a zero sampling factor hangs the decode
The GUIX software JPEG decoder reads four kinds of marker segment without checking that each is long enough to hold what it reads. A truncated segment is therefore read past the end of the caller's image buffer. Separately, a zero chroma sampling factor makes…
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Medium 6.8
JPEG decoder: a duplicate SOF0 after SOS publishes a pixelmap that misreports its own allocation size
The GUIX JPEG software decoder enforces no ordering on JPEG markers. A file that places a second `SOF0` frame header after `SOS` re-runs the frame header parser after the output buffer has already been allocated and its geometry latched. The decoder returns `…
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Medium 6.8
GUIX binary resource loader reads past the end of a resource, because no length for it ever reaches the loader
`gx_binres_theme_load()` and `gx_binres_font_load()` take the resource as a bare `GX_UBYTE *` with no length, and `GX_BINRES_DATA_INFO` has no field to carry one. Every read is therefore performed at an offset the file itself chose, against a buffer whose ext…
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Medium 4.8
Module queue front-send validates a word count as a byte count
A memory-protected ThreadX module's queue request reaches the Module Manager's dispatch layer, which decides how much of the module's buffer the privileged queue copy may touch and hands that extent to the module port's range check. A queue's `tx_queue_messag…
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Medium 5.2
USBX PIMA/MTP host class reads past its receive buffer when a device over-reports its object handle count
A malicious USB MTP/PTP device can cause the USBX host to read past a heap buffer during ordinary object enumeration, leaking adjacent heap contents to the application or faulting on an unmapped page.
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Medium 4.9
VIDEO class descriptor walk consumes device-controlled wTotalLength as its bound
A VideoStreaming interface reports the size of its whole class-specific descriptor block in the `wTotalLength` field of its input header. The USBX host recorded that figure and used it as the budget for walking the format, frame and frame-interval descriptors…
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Medium 4.9
Out-of-bounds Read via Check-after-use in the USBX HID Report Descriptor Parser
A HID report descriptor is a sequence of items, each declaring in its header how many data bytes follow. The USBX host walks that sequence by advancing over each header and parsing the data behind it. The walk checked that an item fitted in the descriptor onl…
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Medium 6.9
A heap memory read vulnerability could allow an attacker to exfiltrate sensitive data.
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Medium 4.3
QBinaryJson::fromBinaryData() integer overflow leading to OOB read
A malformed header in the binary file fed to QBinaryJson::fromBinaryData() can cause undefined behaviour because of out-of-bounds read.
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Medium 4.3
An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 27 and iPadOS 27, macOS G…
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Medium 6.5
An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 26.7 and iPadOS 26.7, iOS…
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Medium 5.5
A segmentation violation in the gf_props_equal_internal function (/filter_core/filter_props.c) of GPAC Project/MP4Box b…
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Medium 5.5
VideoLAN libbluray through 1.5.1 Out-of-Bounds Read via clpi_access_point
VideoLAN libbluray through 1.5.1 contains an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in clpi_access_point() that allows attackers to crash applications by supplying a ClipInfo file with an empty EP-map fine table. Attackers can place a crafted .clpi file in BDMV/CLI…
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Medium 6.5
rdesktop through 1.9.0 Heap Out-of-Bounds Read via process_raw_bmpcache
rdesktop through 1.9.0 contains a heap out-of-bounds read vulnerability in process_raw_bmpcache() in orders.c that allows malicious RDP servers to crash clients. Attackers can send a raw bitmap cache order declaring large width, height, and bpp values with a …
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Medium 6.5
rdesktop through 1.9.0 Heap Out-of-Bounds Read via process_bmpcache2
rdesktop through 1.9.0 contains a heap out-of-bounds read vulnerability in process_bmpcache2() in orders.c that allows malicious RDP servers to crash clients via crafted revision-2 bitmap cache orders. Attackers can send an uncompressed order with large width…
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Medium 6.5
rdesktop through 1.9.0 Heap Out-of-Bounds Read via process_plane
rdesktop through 1.9.0 contains a heap out-of-bounds read vulnerability in process_plane() in bitmap.c that allows malicious RDP servers to crash clients by sending malformed 32 bpp compressed bitmaps. Attackers can declare a large bitmap geometry with a shor…
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Medium 6.1
Netpbm through 11.16.00 Heap Out-of-Bounds Read via rasttopnm Colormap
Netpbm through 11.16.00 contains a heap out-of-bounds read vulnerability in rasttopnm that allows attackers to read heap memory by supplying Sun rasterfiles with short colormaps. Attackers can craft colormapped rasterfiles with pixel bytes exceeding the palet…
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Medium 5.3
libtins through 4.6 Heap Out-of-Bounds Read via DNS::compose_name
libtins through 4.6 contains a heap out-of-bounds read vulnerability in DNS::compose_name in src/dns.cpp that allows remote attackers to read past the packet buffer by sending a label ending exactly at the packet end. Attackers can deliver crafted DNS packets…
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Medium 5.5
libdisplay-info 0.4.0 Heap Out-of-Bounds Read via DisplayID v2 Parser
Libdisplay-info 0.4.0 contains a heap out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the DisplayID v2 section parser in displayid2.c that allows attackers to read past the EDID buffer via oversized data block lengths. Attackers can supply a crafted EDID from a malicious…
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Medium 5.5
libdisplay-info through 0.4.0 Heap Out-of-Bounds Read via DisplayID v1 Parser
libdisplay-info through 0.4.0 contains a heap out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the DisplayID v1 section parser in displayid.c that occurs when a data block's declared length exceeds the section. Attackers can supply a crafted EDID from a malicious monitor,…
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Medium 6.3
Tencent ncnn MatMul matmul.cpp matmul_transb out-of-bounds
A vulnerability was identified in Tencent ncnn up to 44b02dabdcf97499281a4692ebd65bad73dcf8b6. Affected by this vulnerability is the function matmul_transb of the file src/layer/matmul.cpp of the component MatMul. The manipulation leads to out-of-bounds read.…
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Medium 4.3
librtmp (RTMPDump) through 2.6 Heap Out-of-Bounds Read via AMFProp_Decode
librtmp (RTMPDump) through 2.6 contains a heap out-of-bounds read vulnerability in AMFProp_Decode that reads an AMF0 strict-array element count before checking that four bytes remain. A malicious RTMP server or man in the middle can send an AMF0 body ending w…
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Medium 5.5
libdvdnav before 7.0.0 Out-of-Bounds Read in dvdnav_describe_title_chapters
libdvdnav before 7.0.0 contains a heap out-of-bounds read vulnerability in dvdnav_describe_title_chapters that allows attackers to read beyond the part-of-title array by supplying an oversized vts_ttn value. Attackers can provide a crafted DVD or disc image d…
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Medium 5.5
libdvdnav through 7.0.0 Out-of-Bounds Read via set_PTT JumpTT
VideoLAN libdvdnav through 7.0.0 contains an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in set_PTT that allows attackers to crash applications by supplying an invalid JumpTT title number checked only by an assert. Attackers can craft a DVD or disc image whose First Pla…
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Medium 5.5
wvWare wv through 1.2.9 Heap Out-of-Bounds Read via wvGetSTSH
wvWare wv through 1.2.9 contains a heap-based out-of-bounds read vulnerability in wvGetSTSH in stylesheet.c that allows attackers to crash applications by supplying crafted Word stylesheets. Attackers can provide a .doc file with ten or fewer styles or out-of…
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Medium 5.5
wvWare wv through 1.2.9 Stack Out-of-Bounds Read via wvGetPAPX_FKP and wvGetCHPX_FKP
wvWare wv through 1.2.9 contains a stack-based out-of-bounds read vulnerability in wvGetPAPX_FKP and wvGetCHPX_FKP caused by an unvalidated FKP run count. Attackers can supply a crafted .doc file with a large crun value to read kilobytes past the 512-byte sta…
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Medium 5.5
Schroedinger libschroedinger through 1.0.11 Out-of-Bounds Read via schro_params_set_default_quant_matrix
Schroedinger libschroedinger through 1.0.11 contains an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that allows attackers to read past a static quantiser table by supplying unvalidated wavelet filter index or transform depth values. Attackers can deliver a crafted low-d…
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Medium 6.1
cgltf through 1.15 Heap Out-of-Bounds Read via cgltf_accessor_unpack_floats()
cgltf through 1.15 contains a heap out-of-bounds read vulnerability in cgltf_accessor_unpack_floats() that advances the sparse values cursor by the base bufferView byteStride. Attackers can supply a crafted glTF or GLB file that passes cgltf_validate() to rea…
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Medium 6.1
LodePNG through 20261006 Heap Out-of-Bounds Read via getFilterTypesInterlaced()
LodePNG through 20261006 contains a heap out-of-bounds read vulnerability in lodepng::getFilterTypesInterlaced() in lodepng_util.cpp that lacks bounds checks on decompressed IDAT data. Attackers can supply a crafted interlaced PNG declaring a raster larger th…
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Medium 5.5
smpeg through 2.0.0 Heap Out-of-Bounds Read via MPEGsystem::FillBuffer
smpeg through 2.0.0 contains a heap out-of-bounds read vulnerability in MPEGsystem::FillBuffer() that allows attackers to read past the 16384-byte buffer by supplying a crafted system header stream table. Attackers can provide an MPEG file whose stream table …
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Medium 5.5
Antiword through 0.37 Heap Out-of-Bounds Read via vGet8LstInfo in prop8.c
Antiword through 0.37 contains a heap out-of-bounds read vulnerability in vGet8LstInfo in prop8.c caused by an inverted bounds check on the PlcfLst record count. Attackers can supply a crafted Word 8 .doc file claiming up to 0xffff LSTF records in a tiny buff…
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Medium 5.0
FreeRDP 3.30.0 before 3.32.0 Heap Over-Read via Windows cliprdr FILECONTENTS_SIZE
FreeRDP from 3.30.0 before 3.32.0 contains a heap out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the Windows client's CliprdrStream_New that allows malicious RDP servers to trigger invalid memory reads via short clipboard responses. Attackers can answer a FILECONTENTS_S…
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Medium 4.8
FreeRDP 3.0.0 before 3.32.0 Out-of-Bounds Read via RAIL Window Title
FreeRDP from 3.0.0 before 3.32.0 contains an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the Windows RAIL client that allows malicious RDP servers to trigger heap over-reads by sending non-NUL-terminated window titles. Attackers can send a full-length WINDOW_ORDER_FI…
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Medium 5.5
unarr through 1.1.1 Heap Out-of-Bounds Read via zip_parse_extra_fields
unarr through 1.1.1 contains a heap-based out-of-bounds read in zip_parse_extra_fields() in zip/parse-zip.c due to an incorrect ZIP64 extra field length check. Attackers can supply a crafted ZIP archive with 0xFFFFFFFF sentinel values and a truncated ZIP64 re…