Weakness (CWE)
CWE-193: Off-by-one Error
A product calculates or uses an incorrect maximum or minimum value that is 1 more, or 1 less, than the correct value.
How to prevent it (1 mitigation)
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Implementation
When copying character arrays or using character manipulation methods, the correct size parameter must be used to account for the null terminator that needs to be added at the end of the array. Some examples of functions susceptible to this weakness in C include strcpy(), strncpy(), strcat(), strncat(), printf(), sprintf(), scanf() and sscanf().
Source: MITRE CWE-193
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Low 3.6
Mini-XML 4.0.0 through 4.0.6 Stack Out-of-Bounds Write via mxml_strtod()
Mini-XML 4.0.0 through 4.0.6 contains an off-by-one stack out-of-bounds write in mxml_strtod() when the locale decimal point is not '.'. Attackers can supply XML with a 63-digit REAL value followed by '.' to write a NUL byte past the 64-byte stack buffer, cor…
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Low 2.5
In ssh-keygen in OpenSSH before 10.6, certificates could have incorrect expiration times because of Daylight Saving mis…
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Low 2.3
OpenVPN 2.5.0 through 2.7.6 on Windows using the tap-windows6 driver allows attackers to trigger an out-of-bounds write…
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Low 3.7
Off-by-one error in 'harden-below-nxdomain' logic can shadow a stub/forward zone by a legitimate parent's NXDOMAIN
In NLnet Labs Unbound 1.13.2 up to and including 1.25.1, stub or forward zones where the name is below an intermediate labed below a DNSSEC signed zone could be shadowed by the intermediate label's secure NXDOMAIN answer from the parent. This is caused by an …
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Low 2.9
ImageMagick before 7.1.2-26 Information Disclosure via identify
ImageMagick before 7.1.2-26 and 6.9.13-51 contains an information disclosure vulnerability: when a profile is displayed with the identify command and the profile value is not printable, a single byte at the end of the profile can be printed (read past the pro…
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Low 3.7
UltraVNC repeater wi_uudecode off-by-one in base64 decode boundary check
UltraVNC repeater through 1.8.2.2 contains an off-by-one error in the Base64 decode helper used for HTTP Basic authentication. In repeater/webgui/webutils.c:817, the wi_uudecode() function checks whether the input length exceeds the output buffer with a stric…
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Low 3.3
ImageMagick - Heap Buffer Overflow via Off-by-One in Morphology Processing
ImageMagick before 7.1.2-19 contains an off-by-one error in morphology validation allowing out-of-bounds heap buffer reads. Attackers can trigger heap buffer overflow by providing incorrect morphology parameters causing single pixel memory access violations.
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Low 3.6
bit7z: Path Traversal via Null Byte Injection from `gcount()` Off-by-One in `restoreSymlink()`
bit7z is a cross-platform C++ static library that allows the compression/extraction of archive files. Prior to version 4.0.12, a one-byte off-by-one error in SafeOutPathBuilder::restoreSymlink() allows an attacker to craft a .7z archive that, when extracted w…
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Low 3.7
Off-by-two in papd lp_write()
An off-by-two error in lp_write() in papd in Netatalk 2.0.0 through 4.4.2 allows an adjacent network attacker to modify limited data or cause a minor service disruption via crafted print data.
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Low 3.1
Rsync < 3.4.3 Off-by-One Stack Write via HTTP Proxy
Rsync versions before 3.4.3 contain an off-by-one out-of-bounds stack write vulnerability in the establish_proxy_connection() function in socket.c that allows network attackers to corrupt stack memory by sending a malformed HTTP proxy response. Attackers can …
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Low 3.7
Tor before 0.4.9.7 has an out-of-bounds read by one byte via a malformed BEGIN cell, aka TROVE-2026-007.
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Low 3.7
Postfix before 3.8.16, 3.9 before 3.9.10, and 3.10 before 3.10.9 sometimes allows a buffer over-read and process crash …
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Low 3.7
mutt before 2.3.2 sometimes truncates the hash_passwd by one byte for IMAP auth_cram MD5 digest.
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Low 3.7
osrg GoBGP bgp.go DecodeFromBytes off-by-one
A weakness has been identified in osrg GoBGP up to 4.3.0. This impacts the function DecodeFromBytes of the file pkg/packet/bgp/bgp.go. Executing a manipulation of the argument data[1] can lead to off-by-one. The attack may be launched remotely. Attacks of thi…
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Low 3.3
xlnt-community xlnt Encrypted XLSX File base64.cpp decode_base64 off-by-one
A weakness has been identified in xlnt-community xlnt up to 1.6.1. Impacted is the function xlnt::detail::decode_base64 of the file source/detail/cryptography/base64.cpp of the component Encrypted XLSX File Parser. Executing a manipulation can lead to off-by-…
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Low 3.7
ImageMagick has Heap Buffer Overflow in InterpretImageFilename
ImageMagick is free and open-source software used for editing and manipulating digital images. Versions prior to 7.1.2-0 and 6.9.13-26 have a heap buffer overflow in the `InterpretImageFilename` function. The issue stems from an off-by-one error that causes o…
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Low 2.2
Miscompilation of wasm `i64x2.shr_s` instruction with constant input on x86_64
Wasmtime is a standalone runtime for WebAssembly. Wasmtime versions from 10.0.0 to versions 10.02, 11.0.2, and 12.0.1 contain a miscompilation of the WebAssembly `i64x2.shr_s` instruction on x86_64 platforms when the shift amount is a constant value that is l…
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Low 3.7
redis-py Race Condition vulnerability
redis-py before 4.5.3 leaves a connection open after canceling an async Redis command at an inopportune time, and can send response data to the client of an unrelated request in an off-by-one manner. NOTE: this CVE Record was initially created in response to …
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Low 3.1
wasmtime vulnerable to miscompilation of `i8x16.select` with the same inputs on x86_64
wasmtime is a fast and secure runtime for WebAssembly. Wasmtime's code generation backend, Cranelift, has a bug on x86_64 platforms for the WebAssembly `i8x16.select` instruction which will produce the wrong results when the same operand is provided to the in…
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Low 2.5
Heap buffer overflow caused by rounding
TensorFlow is an end-to-end open source platform for machine learning. An attacker can trigger a heap buffer overflow in `tf.raw_ops.QuantizedResizeBilinear` by manipulating input values so that float rounding results in off-by-one error in accessing image el…