Weakness (CWE)
CWE-294: Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay
A capture-replay flaw exists when the design of the product makes it possible for a malicious user to sniff network traffic and bypass authentication by replaying it to the server in question to the same effect as the original message (or with minor changes).
More detail
Capture-replay attacks are common and can be difficult to defeat without cryptography. They are a subset of network injection attacks that rely on observing previously-sent valid commands, then changing them slightly if necessary and resending the same commands to the server.
How to prevent it (2 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
Utilize some sequence or time stamping functionality along with a checksum which takes this into account in order to ensure that messages can be parsed only once.
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Architecture and Design
Since any attacker who can listen to traffic can see sequence numbers, it is necessary to sign messages with some kind of cryptography to ensure that sequence numbers are not simply doctored along with content.
Source: MITRE CWE-294
85 results · Clear filters · Feed
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Medium 6.5
OpenClaw < 2026.3.23 - Replay Identity Drift via Query-Only Variants in Plivo V2 Verification
OpenClaw before 2026.3.23 contains a replay identity vulnerability in Plivo V2 signature verification that allows attackers to bypass replay protection by modifying query parameters. The verification path derives replay keys from the full URL including query …
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Medium 6.8
Dovecot OTP authentication is vulnerable to replay attack under specific conditions. If auth cache is enabled, and user…
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Medium 5.0
Shenzhen HCC Technology MPOS M6 PLUS Bluetooth authentication replay
A vulnerability was detected in Shenzhen HCC Technology MPOS M6 PLUS 1V.31-N. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the component Bluetooth Handler. Performing a manipulation results in authentication bypass by capture-replay. The attack mus…
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Medium 6.5
OpenClaw < 2026.2.23 - Twilio Webhook Replay Bypass via Randomized Event ID Normalization
OpenClaw versions prior to 2026.2.23 contain a vulnerability in Twilio webhook event deduplication where normalized event IDs are randomized per parse, allowing replay events to bypass manager dedupe checks. Attackers can replay Twilio webhook events to trigg…
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Medium 6.5
OpenClaw < 2026.2.25 - Webhook Replay Attack via Missing Durable Replay Suppression
OpenClaw versions prior to 2026.2.25 lack durable replay state for Nextcloud Talk webhook events, allowing valid signed webhook requests to be replayed without suppression. Attackers can capture and replay previously valid signed webhook requests to trigger d…
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Medium 6.5
lakeFS is Missing Timestamp Validation in S3 Gateway Authentication
lakeFS is an open-source tool that transforms object storage into a Git-like repositories. LakeFS's S3 gateway does not validate timestamps in authenticated requests, allowing replay attacks. Prior to 1.75.0, an attacker who captures a valid signed request (e…
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Medium 6.5
D3D Wi-Fi Home Security System ZX-G12 v2.1.17 is susceptible to RF jamming on the 433 MHz alarm sensor channel. An atta…
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Medium 6.5
Pterodactyl TOTPs can be reused during validity window
Pterodactyl is a free, open-source game server management panel. Versions 1.11.11 and below allow TOTP to be used multiple times during its validity window. Users with 2FA enabled are prompted to enter a token during sign-in, and afterward it is not sufficien…
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Medium 6.3
A vulnerability has been identified in Gridscale X Prepay (All versions < V4.2.1). The affected application is vulnerab…
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Medium 5.9
Newforma Info Exchange (NIX) forced NTLMv2 authentication via /NPCSRemoteWeb/LegacyIntegrationServices.asmx
Newforma Info Exchange (NIX) '/NPCSRemoteWeb/LegacyIntegrationServices.asmx' allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to cause NIX to make an SMB connection to an attacker-controlled system. The attacker can capture the NTLMv2 hash of the user-configured NIX…
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Medium 5.9
Newforma Info Exchange (NIX) forced NTLMv2 authentication via /UserWeb/Common/MarkupServices.ashx
Newforma Info Exchange (NIX) '/UserWeb/Common/MarkupServices.ashx' allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to cause NIX to make an SMB connection to an attacker-controlled system. The attacker can capture the NTLMv2 hash of the customer-configured NIX servi…
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Medium 5.3
Newforma Info Exchange (NIX) forced NTLMv2 authentication via /RemoteWeb/IntegrationServices.ashx
Newforma Info Exchange (NIX) '/RemoteWeb/IntegrationServices.ashx' allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to cause NIX to make an SMB connection to an attacker-controlled system. The attacker can capture the NTLMv2 hash of the NIX service account.
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Medium 6.8
The Positron PX360BT SW REV 8 car alarm system is vulnerable to a replay attack due to a failure in implementing rollin…
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Medium 5.3
zhenfeng13 My-Blog Frontend Blog Article Comment comment authentication replay
A security flaw has been discovered in zhenfeng13 My-Blog 1.0.0. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /blog/comment of the component Frontend Blog Article Comment Handler. The manipulation leads to authentication bypass by capture-replay. The a…
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Medium 6.1
Malicious browser plugins may cause Authentication replay attack vulnerability to bypass authentication in OpenText Advanced Authentication
A weakness identified in OpenText Advanced Authentication where a Malicious browser plugin can record and replay the user authentication process to bypass Authentication. This issue affects Advanced Authentication on or before 6.5.0.
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Medium 4.1
Dradis through 4.16.0 allows referencing external images (resources) over HTTPS, instead of forcing the use of embedded…
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Medium 5.6
xxyopen/201206030 novel-plus CATCHA LoginController.java ajaxLogin authentication replay
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in xxyopen/201206030 novel-plus up to 5.1.3. Affected by this issue is the function ajaxLogin of the file novel-admin/src/main/java/com/java2nb/system/controller/LoginController.java of the com…
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Medium 4.8
One Time Password - Moderately critical - Access bypass - SA-CONTRIB-2025-063
Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay vulnerability in Drupal One Time Password allows Remote Services with Stolen Credentials.This issue affects One Time Password: from 0.0.0 before 1.3.0.
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Medium 4.8
Enterprise MFA - TFA for Drupal - Moderately critical - Access bypass - SA-CONTRIB-2025-052
Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay vulnerability in Drupal Enterprise MFA - TFA for Drupal allows Remote Services with Stolen Credentials.This issue affects Enterprise MFA - TFA for Drupal: from 0.0.0 before 4.7.0, from 5.0.0 before 5.2.0.
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Medium 5.4
Dell ECS, version(s) prior to ECS 3.8.1.3, contain(s) an Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay vulnerability. A low p…
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Medium 4.2CVE-2024-39081 Public exploit
An issue in SMART TYRE CAR & BIKE v4.2.0 allows attackers to perform a man-in-the-middle attack via Bluetooth communica…
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Medium 6.1
OPA SMB Force-Authentication
A SMB force-authentication vulnerability exists in all versions of OPA for Windows prior to v0.68.0. The vulnerability exists because of improper input validation, allowing a user to pass an arbitrary SMB share instead of a Rego file as an argument to OPA CLI…
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Medium 5.3CVE-2024-45244 Public exploit
Hyperledger Fabric does not verify request has a timestamp within the expected time window
Hyperledger Fabric through 3.0.0 and 2.5.x through 2.5.9 do not verify that a request has a timestamp within the expected time window.
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Medium 5.4
SAML Replay in Akana
In versions of Akana API Platform prior to 2024.1.0, SAML tokens can be replayed.
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Medium 6.8
Mengshen Wireless Door Alarm M70 2024-05-24 allows Authentication Bypass via a Capture-Replay approach.
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Medium 4.8
@workos-inc/authkit-nextjs session replay vulnerability
The AuthKit library for Next.js provides helpers for authentication and session management using WorkOS & AuthKit with Next.js. A user can reuse an expired session by controlling the `x-workos-session` header. The vulnerability is patched in v0.4.2.
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Medium 5.9
Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay vulnerability in Mitsubishi Electric Corporation MELSEC WS Series WS0-GETH00200…
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Medium 5.3
The remote keyless system of the Hozard alarm system (alarmsystemen) v1.0 sends an identical radio frequency signal for…
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Medium 6.8
A vulnerability has been identified in Mendix Applications using Mendix 10 (All versions < V10.4.0), Mendix Application…
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Medium 5.4
Baker Hughes Bently Nevada 3500 System Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay
Baker Hughes – Bently Nevada 3500 System TDI Firmware version 5.05 contains a replay vulnerability which could allow an attacker to replay older captured packets of traffic to the device to gain access.
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Medium 6.1
SUBNET PowerSYSTEM Center Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay
SUBNET PowerSYSTEM Center versions 2020 U10 and prior are vulnerable to replay attacks which may result in a denial-of-service condition or a loss of data integrity.
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Medium 6.8
IO FinNet tss-lib vulnerable to replay attacks involving proofs
An issue was discovered in IO FinNet tss-lib before 2.0.0. The parameter ssid for defining a session id is not used through the MPC implementation, which makes replaying and spoofing of messages easier. In particular, the Schnorr proof of knowledge implemente…
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Medium 6.3
Cisco Duo Authentication for macOS and Duo Authentication for Windows Logon Offline Credentials Replay Vulnerability
A vulnerability in the offline access mode of Cisco Duo Two-Factor Authentication for macOS and Duo Authentication for Windows Logon and RDP could allow an unauthenticated, physical attacker to replay valid user session credentials and gain unauthorized acces…
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Medium 5.3
Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay in answerdev/answer
Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay in GitHub repository answerdev/answer prior to 1.0.6.
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Medium 5.9CVE-2022-43704 Public exploit
The Sinilink XY-WFT1 WiFi Remote Thermostat, running firmware 1.3.6, allows an attacker to bypass the intended requirem…
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Medium 6.5
An OpenPGP digital signature includes information about the date when the signature was created. When displaying an ema…
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Medium 6.5
The ESL (Electronic Shelf Label) protocol, as implemented by (for example) the OV80e934802 RF transceiver on the ETAG-2…
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Medium 4.3
An information leakage vulnerability in the Bluetooth Low Energy advertisement scan response in Bluetooth Core Specific…
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Medium 4.7
An information disclosure vulnerability exists in the XFINDER functionality of Abode Systems, Inc. iota All-In-One Secu…
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Medium 4.3
There is a traffic hijacking vulnerability in WS7200-10 11.0.2.13. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability can ca…