Weakness (CWE)
CWE-308: Use of Single-factor Authentication
The product uses an authentication algorithm that uses a single factor (e.g., a password) in a security context that should require more than one factor.
How to prevent it (1 mitigation)
-
Architecture and Design
Use multiple independent authentication schemes, which ensures that -- if one of the methods is compromised -- the system itself is still likely safe from compromise. For this reason, if multiple schemes are possible, they should be implemented and required -- especially if they are easy to use.
Source: MITRE CWE-308
23 results · Feed
-
High 7.5
An authentication enforcement vulnerability in SonicOS SSLVPN service may allow a user with valid credentials for an al…
KEV Nov 6, 2026 -
Medium 6.3
Umami 2FA Policy route.ts single-factor authentication
A vulnerability has been found in Umami 3.3.x/3.4.0/3.4.1. This affects an unknown part of the file src/app/api/auth/login/route.ts of the component 2FA Policy Handler. The manipulation leads to use of single-factor authentication. It is possible to initiate …
-
Medium 4.3
Web Transfer Module Multi-Factor Authentication Bypass in Progress WS_FTP Server
Improper authentication in the Web Transfer Module of Progress Software WS_FTP Server versions prior to 2024.0.7 and 2025.0.4 on Windows could allow an attacker with a user’s password to access certain files associated with that account without satisfying mul…
-
High 8.3
phpMyFAQ before 4.1.9 and 4.2.0-alpha before 4.2.0-beta Missing Current-Password Step-Up on E-mail Change Enables Account Takeover
phpMyFAQ before 4.1.9 and 4.2.0-alpha before 4.2.0-beta does not require the current password when changing an account e-mail in the user control panel (UserController::updateData, api/user/data/update), checking only the session and CSRF token. An attacker w…
-
High 8.1
FileRise: WebDAV authentication bypasses TOTP/MFA entirely
FileRise is a self-hosted web-based file manager with multi-file upload, editing, and batch operations. Prior to 3.16.0, when an administrator has enabled WebDAV, FileRise WebDAV Basic authentication validates only the account username and password through Au…
-
High 8.1
Nginx UI: Authentication bypass: password login does not enforce a passkey-only second factor (2FA bypass)
Nginx UI is a web user interface for the Nginx web server. From 2.0.0 until 2.5.0, POST /api/login checks EnabledOTP but does not require a WebAuthn assertion when EnabledPasskey is true and no TOTP secret is configured. A passkey-only account is therefore is…
-
Medium 5.3
Termix: MFA-critical operations accept the account password as a sole factor (regression of CVE-2026-45749)
Termix is a web-based server management platform with SSH terminal, tunneling, and file editing capabilities. From 2.4.0 until 2.5.1, the POST /users/totp/disable and POST /users/totp/backup-codes endpoints accept the account password as the sole reauthentica…
-
Critical 9.8
Missing Authentication check in SAP NetWeaver (Message Server)
SAP NetWeaver Message Server does not sufficiently validate the authenticity of internal application server components during registration. An unauthenticated attacker with network access to the affected service could exploit this weakness to register an unau…
-
High 7.1
phpMyFAQ before 4.1.8 Authentication Bypass via Two-Factor Disable
phpMyFAQ before 4.1.8 contains an authentication bypass vulnerability in its two-factor authentication (TOTP) disable functionality. The removeTwofactorConfig() handler (reachable via POST /api/user/remove-twofactor) verifies only that the user is logged in a…
-
High 8.1
OpenEMR 8.2.0 OAuth2 Password Grant Authentication Bypass via SMART Configuration
OpenEMR through 8.2.0 contains an authentication bypass vulnerability that allows attackers with valid credentials to circumvent multi-factor authentication by exploiting the exposed OAuth2 password grant flow through an unauthenticated client registration en…
-
Critical 9.1
Local MFA not enforced during SSO sign-in
Logto does not enforce locally configured MFA during SSO authentication, allowing users to bypass second-factor requirements and grants unauthorized access.
-
Medium 5.3
Webmin MFA bypass
Webmin accepts basic authentication without session cookies when an attacker provides the 'User-Agent: webmin' header, allowing bypass of additional MFA requirements. Fixed in 2.640.
-
Medium 5.9
Vantage6: 2FA can be circumvented with hacked email access
vantage6 is an open-source infrastructure for privacy preserving analysis. Prior to version 5.0.0, if an attacker hacks into a vantage6 user's email account, they can 1) reset the password via email and then 2) reset the 2FA token via email. This way they red…
-
High 8.1
Termix's TOTP two-factor authentication can be disabled or bypassed using only the account password
Termix is a web-based server management platform with SSH terminal, tunneling, and file editing capabilities. The `POST /users/totp/disable` and `POST /users/totp/backup-codes` endpoints in Termix prior to version 2.3.2 accept the account password as a sole a…
-
Low 2.0
SOGo before 5.12.5 does not renew the OTP if a user disables/enables it, and has a too short length (only 12 digits ins…
-
Medium 4.3
A Use of Single-factor Authentication vulnerability in the Authentication component of CIPPlanner CIPAce before 9.17 al…
-
High 8.7
Zitadel Bypass Second Authentication Factor
Starting from 2.53.6, 2.54.3, and 2.55.0, Zitadel only required multi factor authentication in case the login policy has either enabled requireMFA or requireMFAForLocalUsers. If a user has set up MFA without this requirement, Zitadel would consider single fac…
-
High 8.1
Missing Authentication check after implementation of SAP Security Note 3007182 and 3537476
An unauthenticated attacker may exploit a scenario where a Hashed Message Authentication Code (HMAC) credential, extracted from a system missing specific security patches, is reused in a replay attack against a different system. Even if the target system is f…
-
High 7.6
Insecure Authentication Vulnerability
This vulnerability exists in Shilpi Client Dashboard due to implementation of inadequate authentication mechanism in the login module wherein access to any users account is granted with just their corresponding mobile number. A remote attacker could exploit t…
-
Medium 5.3
IBM Spectrum Virtualize security bypass
LDAP users on IBM Spectrum Virtualize 8.5 which are configured to require multifactor authentication can still authenticate to the CIM interface using only username and password. This does not affect local users with MFA configured or remote users authenticat…
-
Medium 5.3
IBM PowerSC improper authentication
IBM PowerSC 1.3, 2.0, and 2.1 uses single-factor authentication which can lead to unnecessary risk of compromise when compared with the benefits of a dual-factor authentication scheme. IBM X-Force ID: 275114.
-
High 8.5
Pimcore Admin UI has Two Factor Authentication disabled for non admin security firewalls
The Admin Classic Bundle provides a Backend UI for Pimcore. `AdminBundle\Security\PimcoreUserTwoFactorCondition` introduced in v11 disable the two factor authentication for all non-admin security firewalls. An authenticated user can access the system without …
-
Medium 5.3
In JetBrains TeamCity before 2023.05 authentication checks were missing – 2FA was not checked for some sensitive accoun…