Weakness (CWE)
CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
The product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource.
How to prevent it (4 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
Design throttling mechanisms into the system architecture. The best protection is to limit the amount of resources that an unauthorized user can cause to be expended. A strong authentication and access control model will help prevent such attacks from occurring in the first place. The login application should be protected against DoS attacks as much as possible. Limiting the database access, perhaps by caching result sets, can help minimize the resources expended. To further limit the potential for a DoS attack, consider tracking the rate of requests received from users and blocking requests that exceed a defined rate threshold.
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Architecture and Design
Mitigation of resource exhaustion attacks requires that the target system either:
- recognizes the attack and denies that user further access for a given amount of time, or
- uniformly throttles all requests in order to make it more difficult to consume resources more quickly than they can again be freed.
The first of these solutions is an issue in itself though, since it may allow attackers to prevent the use of the system by a particular valid user. If the attacker impersonates the valid user, they may be able to prevent the user from accessing the server in question.
The second solution is simply difficult to effectively institute -- and even when properly done, it does not provide a full solution. It simply makes the attack require more resources on the part of the attacker.
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Architecture and Design
Ensure that protocols have specific limits of scale placed on them.
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Implementation
Ensure that all failures in resource allocation place the system into a safe posture.
Source: MITRE CWE-400
4,049 results · Feed
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Medium 5.3
netty-codec-http2: ByteBuf Reference-Count Leak in DelegatingDecompressorFrameListener Leads to Memory Exhaustion
Netty is a network application framework for development of protocol servers and clients. In netty-codec-http2 prior to versions 4.1.135.Final and 4.2.15.Final, the `DelegatingDecompressorFrameListener` class orchestrates HTTP/2 decompression by embedding a p…
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Medium 5.3
Netty HTTP/2: Advertised MAX_CONCURRENT_STREAMS are not enforced
Netty is a network application framework for development of protocol servers and clients. Prior to versions 4.1.135.Final and 4.2.15.Final, DefaultHttp2Connection.DefaultEndpoint initialises maxActiveStreams/maxStreams to Integer.MAX_VALUE, and Http2Settings …
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High 7.5
Apache CXF: No restriction on attachment headers per message
There is no restriction on the amount of attachment headers that a message can contain when being deserialized by Apache CXF, which can lead to uncontrolled resource consumption or a denial of service attack. Users are recommended to upgrade to versions 4.2.2…
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High 7.5
Netty has a Vulnerable Default Configuration Which Leads to Denial of Service via Unbounded HTTP/3 Header Size
Netty is a network application framework for development of protocol servers and clients. Prior to version 4.2.15.Final, the default configuration of the `Http3ConnectionHandler` in the Netty HTTP/3 codec lacks an enforced maximum header size limit. When a pe…
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High 8.7
Idira Privileged Access Manager (PAM) Self-Hosted Vault: Denial of Service due to Unexpected Input Processing
Idira Privileged Access Manager (PAM) Self-Hosted Vault versions prior to 15.0.3, 14.6.5, 14.2.7, and 14.0.8 exhibit a validation vulnerability. Under specific circumstances and configuration scenarios, processing unexpected input could potentially lead to an…
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High 7.5
Netty has Unbounded Direct Memory Consumption in its RedisDecoder
Netty is a network application framework for development of protocol servers and clients. In netty-codec-redis prior to versions 4.1.135.Final and 4.2.15.Final, an attacker can cause DoS by sending crafted Redis payloads across multiple connections without `\…
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High 7.5
Netty: Memory Exhaustion in RedisArrayAggregator due to Deeply Nested Arrays
Netty is a network application framework for development of protocol servers and clients. In netty-codec-redis prior to versions 4.1.135.Final and 4.2.15.Final, an attacker can cause DoS by sending a crafted Redis payload with deeply nested arrays. This force…
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Medium 6.0
FPDI: Memory Exhaustion and Endless Loop in FPDI leads to Denial of Service
FPDI is a collection of PHP classes that facilitate reading pages from existing PDF documents and using them as templates in FPDF. Prior to version 2.6.7, an attacker can upload a small, malicious PDF file that will cause the server-side script to crash due t…
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High 7.5
Axios: Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS) via Cookie Name Injection
Axios is a promise based HTTP client for the browser and Node.js. Axios versions before 0.32.0 on the 0.x line and before 1.16.0 on the 1.x line build a regular expression from the configured XSRF cookie name without escaping regex metacharacters. In standard…
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High 7.5
Unbounded Frame Count in video/jpeg Base64 Data URL Processing Leads to OOM DoS in vllm-project/vllm
vLLM versions 0.8.0 and later are vulnerable to an Out-of-Memory (OOM) Denial of Service (DoS) attack due to unbounded frame count processing in the `VideoMediaIO.load_base64()` method. When processing `video/jpeg` data URLs, the method splits the base64 data…
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Medium 5.7
Dulwich has unbounded memory allocation in receive-pack from crafted thin packs
Dulwich is a pure-Python implementation of the Git file formats and protocols. Starting in version 0.1.0 and prior to version 1.2.5, a client with push access could push a tiny crafted thin pack (~174 bytes) whose delta header declares a huge dest_size. When …
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Medium 5.3
ImageMagick: Policy Bypass in MNG coder could
ImageMagick is free and open-source software used for editing and manipulating digital images. Prior to versions 6.9.13-47 and 7.1.2-22, because of a missing check in the MNG coder it would be possible to read more images than the list limit policy would allo…
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High 7.5CVE-2026-46522 Public exploit
ImageMagick: Infinite Loop in the MIFF decoder can lead to CPU exhaustion
ImageMagick is free and open-source software used for editing and manipulating digital images. Prior to versions 7.1.2.23 and 6.9.13-48, due to a missing check in the MIFF decoder, a crafted file could cause an infinite loop resulting in CPU exhaustion. Versi…
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Medium 5.3
ImageMagick: Policy Bypass in PSD decoder
ImageMagick is free and open-source software used for editing and manipulating digital images. Prior to versions 6.9.13-47 and 7.1.2-22, due to a missing check in the PSD decoder it would be possible to bypass the list-length resource policy when decoding a P…
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High 7.5
libp2p: Unvalidated PUT_VALUE records allow unbounded disk exhaustion on DHT server nodes
libp2p is a JavaScript Implementation of libp2p networking stack. Prior to version 16.2.6, an unauthenticated remote peer can exhaust the disk storage of any @libp2p/kad-dht node running in server mode by sending an unbounded stream of PUT_VALUE messages whos…
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High 7.5
libp2p: Memory DoS via subscription flood of unique topics
libp2p is a JavaScript Implementation of libp2p networking stack. Prior to version 15.0.23, three cooperating omissions in @libp2p/gossipsub allow an unauthenticated single peer to exhaust the Node.js heap of any gossipsub node with default options. This issu…
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High 8.7
Kanidm: Unauthenticated process abort via SCIM filter stack exhaustion
Kanidm is an identity management platform. Prior to version 1.9.3, a single unauthenticated GET to any /scim/v1/... endpoint with a ?filter= query string of a few thousand nested parentheses (≈ 4–12 KB) drives the recursive-descent PEG parser past the worker …
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High 7.5
kafka-python prior to 2.3.2 DoS via SCRAM Iteration Count in scram.py
kafka-python prior to 2.3.2 contains a denial-of-service vulnerability in SCRAM authentication handling that allows a malicious or machine-in-the-middle broker to freeze the client event loop by supplying an excessively large iteration count. In scram.py, Scr…
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Medium 5.9
Spring Data Commons Denial of Service via Data Binding
Spring Data Commons contains a vulnerability that can lead to a Denial of Service (DoS) condition if Spring Data Web Support is enabled in conjunction with a Controller method using @ProjectedPayload, when an attacker sends a specially crafted HTTP request th…
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Medium 5.9
Potential Denial of Service through crafted Sort Parameters
Applications using Spring Data Commons may be vulnerable to a Denial of Service (DoS) attack leading to a StackOverflowException when parsing Sort parameters. Affected versions: Spring Data Commons 4.0.0 through 4.0.5; 3.5.0 through 3.5.11; 3.4.0 through 3.4.…
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High 7.5
Denial of Service in Spring Data Commons Property Path Resolution
Spring Data Commons applications may be vulnerable to denial of service through resource exhaustion when attacker-controlled property path strings are passed to MappingContext property path resolution. Affected versions: Spring Data Commons 4.0.0 through 4.0.…
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High 7.5
Unbounded DEFLATE Inflation in SAML 2.0 Service Provider
An application using spring-security-saml2-service-provider and the REDIRECT binding for SAML 2.0 Login or Logout may be vulnerable to a denial of service by way of an unbounded writer that inflates the compressed SAML payload into memory. Affected versions: …
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High 7.5
SQLFluff: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption in Parser
SQLFluff is a modular SQL linter and auto-formatter with support for multiple dialects and templated code. Prior to version 4.2.0, in deployments where untrusted users can provide SQL queries to be linted, an untrusted user can submit a malicious long query t…
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Medium 6.2
CAI Content Credentials | Uncontrolled Resource Consumption (CWE-400)
CAI Content Credentials versions c2pa-web@0.7.1, c2pa-v0.80.1 and earlier are affected by an Uncontrolled Resource Consumption vulnerability. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to exhaust system resources, resulting in an application denial-of-servi…
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Medium 6.2
CAI Content Credentials | Uncontrolled Resource Consumption (CWE-400)
CAI Content Credentials versions c2pa-web@0.7.1, c2pa-v0.80.1 and earlier are affected by an Uncontrolled Resource Consumption vulnerability. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to exhaust system resources, resulting in an application denial-of-servi…
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Medium 6.2
CAI Content Credentials | Uncontrolled Resource Consumption (CWE-400)
CAI Content Credentials versions c2pa-web@0.7.1, c2pa-v0.80.1 and earlier are affected by an Uncontrolled Resource Consumption vulnerability. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to exhaust system resources, resulting in an application denial-of-servi…
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High 7.5
CAI Content Credentials | Uncontrolled Resource Consumption (CWE-400)
CAI Content Credentials versions c2pa-web@0.7.1, c2pa-v0.80.1 and earlier are affected by an Uncontrolled Resource Consumption vulnerability. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to exhaust system resources, resulting in an application denial-of-servi…
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High 7.5
ASP.NET Core Denial of Service Vulnerability
Uncontrolled resource consumption in ASP.NET Core allows an unauthorized attacker to deny service over a network.
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High 7.5
FreeSWITCH: Pre-authentication bandwidth amplification via `mod_verto` speed-test frames
FreeSWITCH is a Software Defined Telecom Stack enabling the digital transformation from proprietary telecom switches to a software implementation that runs on any commodity hardware. Prior to version 1.11.1, mod_verto's WebSocket frame loop intercepts a #-pre…
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Medium 5.1
Unbounded integer parsing in the Version module enables CPU and memory exhaustion denial of service
Uncontrolled Resource Consumption vulnerability in the Elixir standard library's Version module allows an attacker who controls a version string to cause a denial of service through CPU and memory exhaustion. The version parser converts numeric version compon…
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Medium 4.9
389-ds-base: 389-ds-base: pbkdf2 password storage plugin unbounded iteration count denial of service
A flaw was found in 389 Directory Server. The PBKDF2-SHA256 password storage plugin does not enforce an upper bound on the iteration count extracted from stored password hashes. A privileged attacker who can modify a user's password hash can cause excessive C…
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High 7.5
Spring Framework Denial of Service via Versioned Resources in Spring MVC and WebFlux
Spring MVC and WebFlux applications are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) attacks when resolving static resources. Affected versions: Spring Framework 7.0.0 through 7.0.7; 6.2.0 through 6.2.18; 6.1.0 through 6.1.27; 5.3.0 through 5.3.48.
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Medium 5.9
Spring Framework Denial of Service via Multipart Requests in WebFlux
Spring WebFlux applications are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) attacks when processing multipart requests. Affected versions: Spring Framework 7.0.0 through 7.0.7, 6.2.0 through 6.2.18, 6.1.0 through 6.1.27, 5.3.0 through 5.3.48.
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High 7.5
Micrometer HTTP server instrumentations DoS vulnerability
In Micrometer, it is possible for a user to provide specially crafted HTTP requests that may cause a denial-of-service (DoS) condition. Affected versions: micrometer-core 1.16.0 through 1.16.5; 1.15.0 through 1.15.11; 1.14.0 through 1.14.15; 1.13.0 through 1.…
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High 7.5
Micrometer gRPC server instrumentation DoS vulnerability
In Micrometer, it is possible for a user to provide specially crafted gRPC requests that may cause a denial-of-service (DoS) condition. Affected versions: Micrometer 1.16.0 through 1.16.5; 1.15.0 through 1.15.11.
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High 7.5
A segmentation violaton in the gf_hevc_read_sps_bs_internal function (media_tools/av_parsers.c) of GPAC MP4Box v2.4 all…
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Medium 6.5
An uncaught exception in the /application/job/update/{id} endpoint of FastapiAdmin v2.2.0 allows authenticated attacker…
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Medium 6.5
389-ds-base: 389-ds-base: content sync plugin unbounded queue growth and race conditions
A flaw was found in 389 Directory Server. The Content Synchronization persistent search plugin allows unbounded memory growth when an authenticated client stops reading sync responses, enabling denial of service. Additional race conditions in plugin thread li…
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High 8.7
Routinator crashes on specifically crafted RRDP XML files
When Routinator encounters a file via RRDP using a specifically crafted Document Type Definition, Routinator crashes.
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Low 3.3
kokke tiny-regex-c Pattern re.c matchstar redos
A flaw has been found in kokke tiny-regex-c up to f2632c6d9ed25272987471cdb8b70395c2460bdb. This vulnerability affects the function matchstar of the file re.c of the component Pattern Handler. This manipulation causes inefficient regular expression complexity…