Weakness (CWE)
CWE-407: Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
An algorithm in a product has an inefficient worst-case computational complexity that may be detrimental to system performance and can be triggered by an attacker, typically using crafted manipulations that ensure that the worst case is being reached.
Source: MITRE CWE-407
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High 7.5
Mistune before 3.3.0 Quadratic-Time DoS via Unmatched Brackets in Inline Parser
Mistune before 3.3.0 contains an algorithmic complexity vulnerability in the inline link parser that allows unauthenticated attackers to exhaust CPU by submitting long runs of unmatched '[' characters. Attackers can send small markdown payloads that trigger O…
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High 7.5
Mistune before 3.3.0 Quadratic Denial of Service via parse_link_text
Mistune before 3.3.0 contains an inefficient algorithmic complexity vulnerability in parse_link_text that allows remote attackers to cause denial of service through unbalanced square brackets. Attackers can submit markdown containing long runs of unmatched br…
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High 7.5
GraphQL-core: Denial of service via quadratic complexity in the OverlappingFieldsCanBeMerged validation rule
GraphQL-core is a Python port of the GraphQL.js reference implementation. From 3.0.0 until 3.2.12 and 3.3.0rc1, the OverlappingFieldsCanBeMerged rule in specified_rules repeatedly compares fields that share response names and recursively re-compares flattened…
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High 8.2
Pillow PDF append accepts malformed shared page-tree DAG causing resource exhaustion
Pillow is a Python imaging library. From 5.1.0 until 13.0.0, PdfParser.linearize_page_tree() in src/PIL/PdfParser.py treats a PDF /Pages graph as a tree without tracking duplicate indirect references. When Image.save(..., format="PDF", append=True) processes …
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High 7.1
Pillow: PNG eXIf chunk makes EXIF parsing run in quadratic time
Pillow is a Python imaging library. From 11.0.0 until 13.0.0, Exif.load() in src/PIL/Image.py repeatedly slices the remaining EXIF data while it begins with the six-byte Exif header. src/PIL/PngImagePlugin.py accepts an uncapped PNG eXIf chunk, so a file fill…
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High 8.7
toml-node: Quadratic-complexity DoS via long dotted keys or table paths in toml.parse()
toml-node is a TOML parser for Node.js and the browser. Prior to 5.0.1, toml.parse() repeatedly slices and rejoins every path prefix in lib/compiler.js while processing long dotted keys, table headers, array-of-tables headers, and inline-table keys in assign(…
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High 8.7
toml-node: Quadratic-complexity DoS via many array-of-tables headers in toml.parse()
toml-node is a TOML parser for Node.js and the browser. Prior to 5.0.1, the toml.parse() compiler's addTableArray() function in lib/compiler.js rescans the complete assignedPaths and valueAssignments bookkeeping sets for every array-of-tables header. Distinct…
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High 7.5
Django REST framework: Accept header with many large quoted parameters burns ~19s of CPU per request in content negotiation
Django REST framework is a toolkit for building Web APIs. Prior to 3.18.2, DefaultContentNegotiation.get_accept_list in rest_framework/negotiation.py accepts an unbounded number and aggregate size of Accept tokens, while select_renderer in that file repeatedl…
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High 7.5
Amplified resource exhaustion in inbound message processing
In a BIND resolver, inbound DNS protocol messages with a particular structure will result in additional processing, with no limit imposed by BIND. A DNS message with a maliciously large number of such structures will cause BIND to consume disproportionate amo…
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High 7.5
Moov signedxml: Unauthenticated denial of service in exclusive XML canonicalization
Moov signedxml is a pure Go library for processing signed XML documents. Prior to 1.4.1, ExclusiveCanonicalization in exclusivecanonicalization.go copies the complete accumulated namespace map at every nested element before reference digest or signature check…
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High 7.5
markdown-it: Quadratic-time rendering of a single multi-line link reference definition with default options (regression since 14.0)
markdown-it is a Markdown parser. From versions 14.1.0 to before 14.3.3, and 15.0.0 to before 15.0.3, a link reference definition whose label or title is never closed is O(n²) with default options. Continuation lines are pulled lazily with str += lineContent …
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High 8.7
Pillow: Quadratic-time DoS in PDF save_all (PdfParser.next_object_id)
Pillow is a Python imaging library. From 5.1.0 until 13.0.0, Pillow takes quadratic time to reserve PDF object identifiers when saving many frames with save_all enabled. PdfParser.next_object_id() repeatedly rebuilds and scans all previously reserved identifi…
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High 7.5
Cpanel::JSON::XS versions from 4.51 before 4.80 for Perl allow quadratic CPU use by revalidating the remaining buffer per value in incr_parse
Cpanel::JSON::XS versions from 4.51 before 4.80 for Perl allow quadratic CPU use by revalidating the remaining buffer per value in incr_parse. At the first non-ASCII byte in a string, the decoder validates UTF-8 from there to the end of its input. incr_parse …
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High 7.5
markdown-it: Quadratic complexity in smartquotes with unmatched closing quotes
markdown-it is a Markdown parser. Prior to 14.3.2 and 15.0.2, when typographer: true is enabled, specially crafted Markdown can cause quadratic processing time in the smartquotes rule, potentially leading to denial of service in applications processing untrus…
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High 7.5
Text::CSV_XS versions before 1.65 for Perl allow quadratic CPU use by copying the unparsed remainder per record of CR-only input in getline
Text::CSV_XS versions before 1.65 for Perl allow quadratic CPU use by copying the unparsed remainder per record of CR-only input in getline. With eol unset, the default, getline reads with Perl's default line separator, so input with CR-only line endings arri…
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High 7.1
dcg: Exponential-time command-substitution preprocessing lets a crafted command hang dcg and bypass the guard via hook-timeout fail-open
destructive_command_guard (dcg) is a command-line safety tool that blocks destructive shell commands before AI coding agents run them. Prior to 0.6.6, nested or unclosed substitutions are recursively rescanned after an inner scan returns unterminated, produci…
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High 7.5
J4Care dcm4che Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
MultipartInputStream performs inefficient boundary matching and unnecessary buffer copying. Crafted multipart input can force excessive boundary comparisons and repeated copying.
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High 8.7
In Eclipse Vert.x versions [4.0.0, 4.5.34] or [5.0.0,5.0.12] or [5.1.0,5.1.9] or [5.2.0, 5.2.0], the uniqueItems keywor…
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High 7.5
.NET Denial of Service Vulnerability
Inefficient algorithmic complexity in .NET allows an unauthorized attacker to deny service over a network.
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High 7.5
.NET Denial of Service Vulnerability
Inefficient algorithmic complexity in .NET allows an unauthorized attacker to deny service over a network.
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High 7.5
.NET Denial of Service Vulnerability
Inefficient algorithmic complexity in .NET allows an unauthorized attacker to deny service over a network.
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High 8.7
CairoSVG: Quadratic-time DoS parsing a crafted SVG <path>
CairoSVG is an SVG converter based on Cairo, a 2D graphics library. Prior to 2.9.1, rendering an attacker-controlled SVG with a path containing many segments can cause quadratic CPU consumption in cairosvg/path.py. The path tokenizer repeatedly slices and res…
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High 7.5
league/commonmark 2.0.0 before 2.10.2 Quadratic DoS via TableStartParser
league/commonmark from 2.0.0 before 2.10.2 contains a quadratic-time denial of service vulnerability in the GitHub Flavored Markdown Table extension's TableStartParser::tryStart() block-start scan. Unauthenticated attackers can submit a large paragraph of pip…
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High 7.5
Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity in hMailServer
Inefficient algorithmic complexity in the bounce and complaint processing of Progressive Robot hMailServer 6.3.4 and 6.3.5 allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to stop mail delivery by sending messages, when bounce processing or complaint processing is en…
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High 7.5
Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity in hMailServer
Inefficient algorithmic complexity in the inbound DKIM and ARC signature verification of Progressive Robot hMailServer 6.0.0 through 6.3.5 allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to make the mail services unavailable by sending a message. Building the canoni…
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High 7.5
Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity in hMailServer
Inefficient algorithmic complexity in the JSON reader of Progressive Robot hMailServer allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to make the mail services unavailable. Reading a JSON object kept the first of each duplicated member name by searching the members…
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High 8.2
Apache Thrift: Perl `FramedTransport` reads and TLS socket writes re-slice the remaining buffer on every call (quadratic)
Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity vulnerability in Apache Thrift Perl bindings. This issue affects Apache Thrift: before 0.25.0. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 0.25.0, which fixes the issue.
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High 8.7
Apache Thrift: Lua `TFramedTransport`/`THttpTransport` re-slice the buffer on every read (quadratic)
Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity vulnerability in Apache Thrift Lua bindings. This issue affects Apache Thrift: before 0.25.0. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 0.25.0, which fixes the issue.
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High 8.2
Apache Thrift: Lua `TJsonProtocol` string/number readers have no size bound and are quadratic
Allocation of resources without limits or throttling, Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity vulnerability in Apache Thrift Lua bindings. This issue affects Apache Thrift: before 0.25.0. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 0.25.0, which fixes the issue.
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High 8.2
Apache Thrift: PHP framed/memory/HTTP transports re-slice the buffer on every read (quadratic)
Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity vulnerability in Apache Thrift PHP bindings. This issue affects Apache Thrift: before 0.25.0. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 0.25.0, which fixes the issue.
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High 8.2
Apache Thrift: Lua `THttpTransport:_parseHeaders` matches each header line with a backtracking pattern (quadratic)
Inefficient regular expression complexity, Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity vulnerability in Apache Thrift Lua bindings. This issue affects Apache Thrift: before 0.25.0. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 0.25.0, which fixes the issue.
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High 8.7
Apache Thrift, Apache Thrift, Apache Thrift, Apache Thrift, Apache Thrift, Apache Thrift, Apache Thrift, Apache Thrift, Apache Thrift: Framed transport and binary protocol size read buffers from a peer-declared length without a limit (multi-language)
Improper handling of length parameter inconsistency, Uncaught exception, Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity, Memory allocation with excessive size value, Initialization of a resource with an insecure default vulnerability in Apache Thrift Python, Ruby, Erlang…
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High 8.7
Quadratic-time escaping when converting X.509 distinguished names to strings
Inefficient algorithmic complexity in X.509 distinguished name string conversion (X509Name.ToString and IetfUtilities.ValueToString) in Legion of the Bouncy Castle Inc. bc-csharp before 2.7.0 allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to cause a denial of servi…
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High 8.7
pypdf: Possible long runtimes with large amount of embedded files
pypdf is a free and open-source pure-python PDF library. Prior to 6.19.0, a crafted PDF containing many embedded files can cause the dictionary-based attachments API in pypdf/_doc_common.py to reparse the full attachment list for each content lookup, producin…
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High 8.7
pypdf: Possible long runtimes for partially malformed FlateDecode streams (Follow-up)
pypdf is a free and open-source pure-python PDF library. Prior to 6.18.1, a crafted PDF containing a partially malformed /FlateDecode stream with padded data can force pypdf/filters.py to use inefficient byte-by-byte decompression while the earlier recovery c…
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High 8.7
pypdf: Possible long runtimes/large memory usage when parsing indirect objects
pypdf is a free and open-source pure-python PDF library. Prior to 6.18.0, a crafted PDF containing indirect-object identifiers or generation-number tokens that continue for a long time without whitespace can cause pypdf/_reader.py and pypdf/generic/_base.py t…
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High 7.5
nodemailer before 10.0.6 Denial of Service via addressparser
nodemailer before 10.0.6 contains a denial of service vulnerability in the addressparser free-text fallback regex pattern that exhibits quadratic backtracking behavior. Attackers can supply crafted email header values with long whitespace-free runs to block t…
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High 7.1
RabbitMQ: Consecutive topic wildcards cause combinatorial routing work
RabbitMQ is a messaging and streaming broker. Prior to 4.3.5, an authenticated user who can bind a queue to a topic exchange and publish to it can use consecutive # segments in a binding key to make both topic matchers revisit the same trie-node and routing-k…
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High 8.7
Denial of Service via Exponential Backtracking in ANTLR Search Query Parser in Gerrit Code Review
Uncontrolled Resource Consumption (CWE-400 / CWE-407) in the ANTLR 3 search query parser (QueryParser / Query.g) in Gerrit Code Review versions 2.0.19 through 3.12.9, 3.13.0 through 3.13.8, and 3.14.0 through 3.14.2 allows an unauthenticated remote attacker (…
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High 7.5
Jawn: Quadratic parsing effort in AsyncParser
Jawn is an open source JSON parser. Prior to 1.7.0, Jawn's AsyncParser can perform quadratic work when a single JSON token is delivered across many small chunks because each absorb call rescans the incomplete token from the start. A remote attacker who contro…