Weakness (CWE)
CWE-436: Interpretation Conflict
Product A handles inputs or steps differently than Product B, which causes A to perform incorrect actions based on its perception of B's state.
Source: MITRE CWE-436
194 results · Feed
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Low 3.7
Rack: Multipart boundary ambiguity guard in Rack::Multipart::Parser can be bypassed with a quoted boundary value, allowing WAF bypass
Rack is a modular Ruby web server interface. Prior to 2.2.25, 3.1.23, and 3.2.8, Rack::Multipart::Parser.parse_boundary can skip a leading empty or quoted boundary parameter in a multipart Content-Type header and accept a later parameter. Rack can therefore p…
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Low 2.3
Symfony: HtmlSanitizer allowLinkHosts() / allowMediaHosts() Bypass via URLs Without a Well-Formed Authority (Incomplete Fix for CVE-2026-45066)
The Symfony HtmlSanitizer component UrlSanitizer parses URLs differently from browsers, allowing the allowLinkHosts() and allowMediaHosts() checks to be bypassed for URLs without a well-formed authority, resulting in untrusted hosts being referenced in saniti…
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High 8.6
ModSecurity: RFC 2231 `filename*` Parameter Bypasses Multipart Filename Rules on RFC-Compliant Backends (Go, Python, Node, Java)
ModSecurity is an open source, cross platform web application firewall (WAF) engine for Apache, IIS and Nginx. From 3.0.0 until 3.0.17, ModSecurity's multipart parser does not apply the RFC 2231 filename* parameter precedence used by common Go, Python, Node.j…
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Unscored —
Apache Sling Engine: Hand-rolled parameter parser diverges from RFC/container parsing, enabling smuggling
Inconsistent interpretation of HTTP requests ('HTTP Request/Response smuggling') vulnerability in Apache Sling Engine. The engine's query/form parser accepts non-standard percent-escapes, wrong charsets, and continues request processing on such errors. This i…
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Critical 9.9
Kyverno 1.19.1 before 1.19.2 Privilege Escalation via Policy apiCall urlPath
Kyverno from 1.19.1 before 1.19.2 validates a Policy's context.apiCall urlPath after cleaning it but executes the raw path, whose fragment or query the Kubernetes client discards. A namespace-scoped user who can create a Policy can hide ../ segments behind # …
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Medium 6.3
Symfony: Host Placeholders Can Match the Start of the Path in Compiled URL Matchers, Bypassing Path-Based Access Control
The Symfony Routing components CompiledUrlMatcher and UrlMatcher interpret the host and path information differently, allowing path-based authorization rules to be bypassed in Symfony versions prior to 5.4.56, 6.x prior to 6.4.50, 7.x prior to 7.4.23, and 8.x…
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High 8.1
CGI versions before 5.00 for Perl allow form fields to be smuggled past proxies and WAFs via multipart parsing that differs from the RFCs
CGI versions before 5.00 for Perl allow form fields to be smuggled past proxies and WAFs via multipart parsing that differs from the RFCs. The multipart/form-data parser matches the boundary anywhere rather than at the start of a line, uses the boundary witho…
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High 8.8
Security issue in Platform in Google Chrome prior to 157.0.8103.38 allowed a remote attacker to bypass web origin polic…
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Medium 6.5
Nodemailer 3.0.0 before 10.1.4 Address Parsing Bypass via Nested Comments
Nodemailer from 3.0.0 before 10.1.4 contains an address parsing vulnerability in addressparser that allows remote attackers to redirect recipients by ending nested RFC 5322 comments at the first closing parenthesis. Attackers can submit addresses whose nested…
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Medium 6.5
Nodemailer 3.0.0 before 10.1.4 Recipient Injection via addressparser Group Parsing
Nodemailer from 3.0.0 before 10.1.4 contains a parsing flaw in addressparser that ends an RFC 5322 group at a semicolon inside quoted display names or comments. Attackers can submit crafted group addresses that conformant validators approve, redirecting mail …
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Critical 9.1
@fastify/http-proxy vulnerable to prefix escape via decoded route parameters
@fastify/http-proxy is a Fastify plugin that proxies HTTP requests to an upstream server under a configured prefix. In versions 9.0.0 through 11.6.5, when an application uses parameterized prefix and rewritePrefix options to pin clients to a fixed upstream pa…
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Low 3.7
Nuxt 4.6.0 before 4.6.2 Route Param Confusion via getRouterParam
Nuxt from 4.6.0 before 4.6.2 contains a route parameter confusion vulnerability in getRouterParam and getRouterParams that lets attackers return a parameter value different from the one h3 matched by sending paths containing an encoded question mark (%3F). At…
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Medium 6.1
DBHub: MySQL and MariaDB comment interpretation bypasses read-only SQL validation
DBHub is a database MCP server for Postgres, MySQL, SQL Server, Oracle, MariaDB, SQLite. Prior to 0.22.6, read-only SQL validation can be bypassed on the MySQL and MariaDB connectors. In `src/utils/sql-parser.ts`, `scanSingleLineComment` treats every double d…
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Medium 6.5
Nuxt: Dot segments in the request path bypass `server/middleware` path checks and server route rules on page routes
Nuxt is an open-source web development framework for Vue.js. From 4.6.0 until 4.6.3, Nuxt resolves literal or percent-encoded dot segments before rendering a page while Nitro routing, server/middleware checks, and server route rules evaluate the unresolved pa…
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High 7.4
Forge: X.509 basicConstraints bypass in verifyCertificateChain() via deprecated extension OIDs 2.5.29.10 and 2.5.29.13
Forge (also called node-forge) is a native implementation of Transport Layer Security in JavaScript. Prior to 1.4.1, node-forge parsed deprecated extension OIDs 2.5.29.10 and 2.5.29.13 as basicConstraints, and pki.verifyCertificateChain() used the first exten…
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Medium 5.3
MIME::Field::ParamVal versions before 5.521 for Perl do not flag a duplicate boundary parameter whose name contains a nested comment
MIME::Field::ParamVal versions before 5.521 for Perl do not flag a duplicate boundary parameter whose name contains a nested comment. A parameter written boundary((c))="A" or boundary(\))="A" is stored under that literal name rather than as boundary. A second…
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Medium 5.3
MIME::Field::ParamVal versions before 5.521 for Perl turn an RFC 2231 filename with a hyphenated language tag into an empty recommended filename
MIME::Field::ParamVal versions before 5.521 for Perl turn an RFC 2231 filename with a hyphenated language tag into an empty recommended filename. A parameter such as filename*=utf-8'en-US'payload.exe is converted to an encoded word with the language tag appen…
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Medium 5.3
MIME::Head versions from 5.518 before 5.521 for Perl decode a partly encoded multipart boundary without flagging the parse as ambiguous
MIME::Head versions from 5.518 before 5.521 for Perl decode a partly encoded multipart boundary without flagging the parse as ambiguous. The multipart_boundary() method decodes RFC 2047 encoded words anywhere in the boundary, but the ambiguity check only fire…
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Medium 5.3
MIME::Field::ParamVal versions before 5.521 for Perl do not flag an ambiguous multipart boundary written as RFC 2231 continuations
MIME::Field::ParamVal versions before 5.521 for Perl do not flag an ambiguous multipart boundary written as RFC 2231 continuations. The boundary ambiguity checks look only at a plain boundary= parameter, and a boundary split into RFC 2231 sections (boundary*0…
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Medium 5.3
MIME::Field::ParamVal versions before 5.521 for Perl allow one invalid Content-Type parameter to hide the parameters after it, including the multipart boundary
MIME::Field::ParamVal versions before 5.521 for Perl allow one invalid Content-Type parameter to hide the parameters after it, including the multipart boundary. Parameter parsing stops at the first parameter whose name it cannot read, such as x:y=1 or a name …
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Medium 5.3
Crass: Incorrect tokenization of bad URLs enables CSS sanitizer bypass
Crass is a Ruby CSS parser that is compliant with the CSS Syntax Level 3 specification. Prior to 1.0.8, Crass incorrectly treats a closing parenthesis after an escaped backslash as escaped while consuming the remnants of a bad URL. Crass therefore keeps decla…
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Critical 9.1
@fastify/express vulnerable to path-scoped middleware bypass via absolute-form request targets
@fastify/express is a Fastify plugin that runs Express middleware inside Fastify. In versions 4.0.5 through 4.0.8, when Fastify runs with the non-default ignoreDuplicateSlashes option enabled, the plugin matches path-scoped Express middleware against a URL wh…
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Critical 10.0CVE-2026-115905 Public exploit
zip: Critical Parser Differential & Security Control Bypass via Dual-Header Inconsistencies (Zip Cloaking) Leading to Arbitrary File Overwrite & RCE
zip is a zip library for Rust that supports reading and writing simple ZIP files. Through 9.0.4, ZipArchive treats Central Directory File Header filenames as authoritative while ZipStreamReader extracts using Local File Header filenames without reconciling th…
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Medium 6.9
SSRF allowlist bypass via percent-encoded bracketed IPv6 or trailing-dot IP literal in hackney
Interpretation Conflict vulnerability in hackney_url in benoitc hackney allows Server Side Request Forgery via a percent-encoded bracketed IPv6 literal or an IP literal with a trailing dot. A host such as %5B%3A%3Affff%3A127%2E0%2E0%2E1%5D (decoding to [::fff…
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Low 3.7
adm-zip through 0.6.1 Duplicate-Entry Validation Bypass via Canonically Equivalent Names
adm-zip through 0.6.1 contains a duplicate-entry validation bypass that allows attackers to evade the readEntries() check by using canonically equivalent entry names like './hello.txt' and 'hello.txt'. Attackers can craft ZIP archives where getEntry() or read…
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High 7.5
Traefik before 2.11.58 and 3.7.13 mTLS Bypass via Negated Host Matcher
Traefik before 2.11.58 and 3.7.13 contains an authentication bypass vulnerability that allows unauthenticated clients to skip client-certificate checks because negated Host matchers are counted as served domains. Attackers can reach backends protected by Requ…
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Medium 6.5
Nuxt: Route rules are matched against the raw request path, so a percent-encoded segment can bypass `appMiddleware` on dynamic and catch-all routes
Nuxt is an open-source web development framework for Vue.js. From 3.11.0 until 3.21.4 and 4.4.4, Nuxt compares route-rule keys with the raw request path while route resolution decodes dynamic and catch-all parameters, allowing a percent-encoded segment to res…
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High 7.5
Apache bRPC: Access Control Bypass via HTTP Request Paths Containing Empty Path Segments
Interpretation conflict in the HTTP protocol implementation in Apache bRPC (version < 1.18.0) on all platforms allows remote attackers to bypass access control rules enforced by a front proxy. Root Cause: The method dispatch function FindMethodPropertyByURI()…
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Medium 5.3
Vyper through 0.5.0b1 Literal Value Manipulation via Line Separators
Vyper 0.1.0b1 before 0.1.0b17 and 0.4.1 through 0.5.0b1 builds its source-line table with str.splitlines(), which treats characters like form feed and U+2028 as line breaks the Python parser ignores, so numeric literals are classified and validated from shift…
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Medium 5.9
adm-zip before 0.6.1 Duplicate ZIP Entry Name Validation Bypass
adm-zip before 0.6.1 contains an inconsistent entry resolution vulnerability that allows attackers to bypass content validation by supplying ZIP archives with duplicate entry names. Attackers can craft archives where getEntry() returns the last duplicate whil…
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Medium 4.0CVE-2026-114101 Public exploit
Coraza before 3.8.1 Multipart filename* Charset Handling FILES Rule Bypass
Coraza before 3.8.1 extracts multipart upload filenames with Go's mime.ParseMediaType, which silently ignores RFC 5987 filename* parameters whose charset is not utf-8 or us-ascii. Unauthenticated attackers can send a decoy filename with filename*=iso-8859-1''…
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Medium 5.8
Coraza from 3.0.4 before 3.8.1 Request Body Inspection Bypass via Content-Type
Coraza from 3.0.4 before 3.8.1 contains a request body inspection bypass because request-body processor selection compares the entire Content-Type value exactly, so URL-encoded bodies whose Content-Type carries a media-type parameter are never parsed. Unauthe…
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Medium 5.8
Coraza 3.0.0 before 3.8.1 WAF Bypass via JSON Key Collision
Coraza from 3.0.0 before 3.8.1 has a JSON body processor that flattens nested properties into dot-separated ARGS_POST names without escaping literal dots, so distinct properties collide. Unauthenticated attackers can add a later dotted property such as accoun…
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Critical 9.1
@fastify/middie vulnerable to path-scoped middleware bypass via scope prefix mismatch
@fastify/middie is the Express-style middleware engine for Fastify. In versions from 9.0.0 through 9.3.5, the use() function joined a path-scoped middleware's mount path to the plugin scope prefix in a way that could diverge from the path Fastify's router ser…
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Medium 4.8
fast-uri vulnerable to host confusion via unchecked WHATWG host canonicalization
fast-uri is a dependency-free RFC 3986 URI parser and serializer for Node.js. In versions from 2.4.2 through 2.4.7, from 3.1.3 through 3.1.8, and from 4.0.1 through 4.2.2, for HTTP-family schemes the canonicalizeHost() function passes the parsed host to the W…
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High 7.5
Cpanel::JSON::XS versions from 4.42 before 4.80 for Perl let input chunking change the decoded value of top-level numbers in incr_parse
Cpanel::JSON::XS versions from 4.42 before 4.80 for Perl let input chunking change the decoded value of top-level numbers in incr_parse. allow_nonref is enabled by default and incr_parse inherits it. A top-level number, true, false or null has no closing deli…
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High 7.4
kin-openapi: ValidationHandler security-requirement bypass via encoded-path operation confusion
kin-openapi is a Go project for handling OpenAPI files. From 0.144.0 until 0.147.0, openapi3filter.ValidationHandler validates an operation selected from decoded URL.Path while a downstream gorilla/mux router configured with UseEncodedPath can dispatch a diff…
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Medium 5.3
Nodemailer before 10.0.13 Improper Input Validation via Angle-Bracket Address Comments
Nodemailer from 3.0.0 before 10.0.13 contains an improper input validation vulnerability in its address parser that fails to strip RFC 5322 comments inside angle-bracket addresses. Attackers can supply recipients like a display name with a parenthesized comme…
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Medium 6.5
NGINX ngx_http_js_module vulnerability
Description NGINX JavaScript (njs) has a vulnerability where the njs XML module exposes entity-backed XML attributes inconsistently with libxml2 canonicalization. In both the built-in njs and QuickJS backends during the canonicalization process, the $attr$Nam…
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High 8.8
Roo-Code through 3.54.0 Auto-Approve Bypass via Command Substitution at Command Position
Roo Code through 3.54.0 contains a command approval bypass vulnerability in parseCommandLine() that allows attackers to auto-approve arbitrary shell commands by placing a command substitution in command position. Attackers using indirect prompt injection can …