Weakness (CWE)
CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site
The web application accepts a user-controlled input that specifies a link to an external site, and uses that link in a redirect.
How to prevent it (6 mitigations)
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Use a list of approved URLs or domains to be used for redirection.
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Architecture and Design
Use an intermediate disclaimer page that provides the user with a clear warning that they are leaving the current site. Implement a long timeout before the redirect occurs, or force the user to click on the link. Be careful to avoid XSS problems (CWE-79) when generating the disclaimer page.
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Architecture and Design
When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
For example, ID 1 could map to "/login.asp" and ID 2 could map to "http://www.example.com/". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-45] provide this capability.
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Architecture and Design
Ensure that no externally-supplied requests are honored by requiring that all redirect requests include a unique nonce generated by the application [REF-483]. Be sure that the nonce is not predictable (CWE-330).
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Architecture and Design, Implementation
Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
Many open redirect problems occur because the programmer assumed that certain inputs could not be modified, such as cookies and hidden form fields.
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Operation
Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].
Source: MITRE CWE-601
1,466 results · Feed
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Medium 6.1
EC-CUBE Open redirect vulnerability
Open redirect vulnerability in EC-CUBE (EC-CUBE 3.0.0, EC-CUBE 3.0.1, EC-CUBE 3.0.2, EC-CUBE 3.0.3, EC-CUBE 3.0.4, EC-CUBE 3.0.5, EC-CUBE 3.0.6, EC-CUBE 3.0.7, EC-CUBE 3.0.8, EC-CUBE 3.0.9, EC-CUBE 3.0.10, EC-CUBE 3.0.11, EC-CUBE 3.0.12, EC-CUBE 3.0.12-p1, EC…
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High 7.6
Pivotal Concourse allows malicious redirect urls on login
Pivotal Concourse Release, versions 4.x prior to 4.2.2, login flow allows redirects to untrusted websites. A remote unauthenticated attacker could convince a user to click on a link using the oAuth redirect link with an untrusted website and gain access to th…
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Medium 6.1
Symfony Open Redirect
An open redirect was discovered in Symfony 2.7.x before 2.7.50, 2.8.x before 2.8.49, 3.x before 3.4.20, 4.0.x before 4.0.15, 4.1.x before 4.1.9 and 4.2.x before 4.2.1. By using backslashes in the `_failure_path` input field of login forms, an attacker can wor…
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Unscored —
A vulnerability has been identified in SIMATIC HMI Comfort Panels 4" - 22" (All versions < V15 Update 4), SIMATIC HMI C…
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Medium 6.1
Keycloak Open Redirect
A flaw was found in JBOSS Keycloak 3.2.1.Final. The Redirect URL for both Login and Logout are not normalized in org.keycloak.protocol.oidc.utils.RedirectUtils before the redirect url is verified. This can lead to an Open Redirection attack
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Unscored —
Multiple Cisco Unified Communications Products Open Redirect Vulnerability
A vulnerability in the web interface of Cisco Emergency Responder, Cisco Unified Communications Manager, Cisco Unified Communications Manager IM & Presence Service, and Cisco Unity Connection could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to redirect a user to…
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Medium 4.3
Apache Tomcat Open Redirect vulnerability
When the default servlet in Apache Tomcat versions 9.0.0.M1 to 9.0.11, 8.5.0 to 8.5.33 and 7.0.23 to 7.0.90 returned a redirect to a directory (e.g. redirecting to '/foo/' when the user requested '/foo') a specially crafted URL could be used to cause the redi…
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Medium 6.1
Open Redirect
Open redirect vulnerability in Gogs before 0.12 allows remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary websites and conduct phishing attacks via an initial /\ substring in the user/login redirect_to parameter, related to the function isValidRedirect in routes…
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Medium 6.1
Django open redirect
django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware in Django 1.11.x before 1.11.15 and 2.0.x before 2.0.8 has an Open Redirect.
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Medium 6.1
Pagekit open redirect vulnerability
Pagekit before 1.0.14 has a /user/login?redirect= open redirect vulnerability.
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Medium 6.1
Cloud Foundry UAA open redirect
Cloud Foundry UAA, versions later than 4.6.0 and prior to 4.19.0 except 4.10.1 and 4.7.5 and uaa-release versions later than v48 and prior to v60 except v55.1 and v52.9, does not validate redirect URL values on a form parameter used for internal UAA redirects…
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Medium 6.1
Symfony Open Redirect
The security handlers in the Security component in Symfony in 2.7.x before 2.7.48, 2.8.x before 2.8.41, 3.3.x before 3.3.17, 3.4.x before 3.4.11, and 4.0.x before 4.0.11 have an Open redirect vulnerability when security.http_utils is inlined by a container. N…
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Medium 6.1
Symfony Open Redirect
An issue was discovered in Symfony 2.7.x before 2.7.38, 2.8.x before 2.8.31, 3.2.x before 3.2.14, and 3.3.x before 3.3.13. DefaultAuthenticationSuccessHandler or DefaultAuthenticationFailureHandler takes the content of the _target_path parameter and generates…
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Medium 6.1
Open Redirect in st
st is a module for serving static files. An attacker is able to craft a request that results in an HTTP 301 (redirect) to an entirely different domain. A request for: http://some.server.com//nodesecurity.org/%2e%2e would result in a 301 to //nodesecurity.org/…
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Medium 6.1
Open Redirect in hekto
Open redirect in hekto <=0.2.3 when target domain name is used as html filename on server.
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Medium 5.4
Jenkins Google Login Plugin Open Redirect vulnerability
An open redirect vulnerability exists in Jenkins Google Login Plugin 1.3 and older in GoogleOAuth2SecurityRealm.java that allows attackers to redirect users to an arbitrary URL after successful login.
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Unscored —
The fix in Kibana for ESA-2017-23 was incomplete. With X-Pack security enabled, Kibana versions before 6.1.3 and 5.6.7 …
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Medium 5.4
Unvalidated Redirect in NetIQ Access Manager after upgrading to NAM 4.3 AC and IDP URLs
Novell Access Manager Admin Console and IDP servers before 4.3.3 have a URL that could be used by remote attackers to trigger unvalidated redirects to third party sites.
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Medium 4.7
Drupal external link injection vulnerability
Drupal core 7.x versions before 7.57 has an external link injection vulnerability when the language switcher block is used. A similar vulnerability exists in various custom and contributed modules. This vulnerability could allow an attacker to trick users int…
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Medium 6.1
SimpleSAMLphp Open redirection protection bypass
SimpleSAMLphp before 1.15.2 allows remote attackers to bypass an open redirect protection mechanism via crafted authority data in a URL.
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Unscored —
A vulnerability in the web interface of Cisco Prime Infrastructure could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to r…
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Medium 6.1
Plone Open Redirect
By linking to a specific url in Plone 2.5-5.1rc1 with a parameter, an attacker could send you to his own website. On its own this is not so bad: the attacker could more easily link directly to his own website instead. But in combination with another attack, y…
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Medium 6.1
Products.CMFPlone Open Redirect Vulnerability
When you visit a page where you need to login, Plone 2.5-5.1rc1 sends you to the login form with a 'came_from' parameter set to the previous url. After you login, you get redirected to the page you tried to view before. An attacker might try to abuse this by …
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Unscored —
The Kibana fix for CVE-2017-8451 was found to be incomplete. With X-Pack installed, Kibana versions before 6.0.1 and 5.…
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Medium 6.1CVE-2017-1000163 Scanner template
Phoenix Arbitrary URL Redirect
The Phoenix Framework versions 1.0.0 through 1.0.4, 1.1.0 through 1.1.6, 1.2.0, 1.2.2 and 1.3.0-rc.0 are vulnerable to unvalidated URL redirection, which may result in phishing or social engineering attacks.
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High 8.8
Open redirect in ASP.NET Core
ASP.NET Core 2.0 allows an attacker to steal log-in session information such as cookies or authentication tokens via a specially crafted URL aka "ASP.NET Core Elevation Of Privilege Vulnerability".
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Medium 6.1
phpBB Open Redirect
Open redirect vulnerability in phpBB before 3.0.14 and 3.1.x before 3.1.4 allows remote attackers to redirect users of Google Chrome to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via unspecified vectors.
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Medium 6.1
python-fedora vulnerable to an open redirect resulting in loss of CSRF protection
python-fedora 0.8.0 and lower is vulnerable to an open redirect resulting in loss of CSRF protection
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Medium 6.1
phpMyAdmin Open Redirect
phpMyAdmin 4.0, 4.4, and 4.6 are vulnerable to an open redirect weakness
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Medium 6.1
Open Redirect in oauth2_proxy
The Bitly oauth2_proxy in version 2.1 and earlier was affected by an open redirect vulnerability during the start and termination of the 2-legged OAuth flow. This issue was caused by improper input validation and a violation of RFC-6819
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Unscored —
An open redirect issue was discovered in B. Braun Medical SpaceCom module, which is integrated into the SpaceStation do…
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Unscored —
Kibana versions before 4.6.3 and 5.0.1 have an open redirect vulnerability that would enable an attacker to craft a lin…
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Unscored —
With X-Pack installed, Kibana versions before 5.3.1 have an open redirect vulnerability on the login page that would en…
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Medium 6.1
Moderate severity vulnerability that affects org.apache.juddi:juddi-client
After logging into the portal, the logout jsp page redirects the browser back to the login page after. It is feasible for malicious users to redirect the browser to an unintended web page in Apache jUDDI 3.1.2, 3.1.3, 3.1.4, and 3.1.5 when utilizing the portl…
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Medium 6.1
Django open redirect
A maliciously crafted URL to a Django (1.10 before 1.10.7, 1.9 before 1.9.13, and 1.8 before 1.8.18) site using the ``django.views.static.serve()`` view could redirect to any other domain, aka an open redirect vulnerability.
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Medium 6.1
Django open redirect and possible XSS attack via user-supplied numeric redirect URLs
Django 1.10 before 1.10.7, 1.9 before 1.9.13, and 1.8 before 1.8.18 relies on user input in some cases to redirect the user to an "on success" URL. The security check for these redirects (namely ``django.utils.http.is_safe_url()``) considered some numeric URL…
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Low 3.3
An issue was discovered in certain Apple products. iOS before 10.3 is affected. The issue involves the "Quick Look" com…
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Medium 6.1
Netflix Security Monkey Open Redirect vulnerability
Netflix Security Monkey before 0.8.0 has an Open Redirect. The logout functionality accepted the "next" parameter which then redirects to any domain irrespective of the Host header.
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Medium 6.1
Plone Open Redirect Vulnerability
Multiple open redirect vulnerabilities in Plone CMS 5.x through 5.0.6, 4.x through 4.3.11, and 3.3.x through 3.3.6 allow remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via a URL in the referer parameter to (1) %2b%2bgro…
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Medium 6.8
Drupal Open Redirect
Confirmation forms in Drupal 7.x before 7.52 make it easier for remote authenticated users to conduct open redirect attacks via unspecified vectors.